Table of Contents

DECLARATION..............................................................................................................................................ii
CERTIFICATION...........................................................................................................................................iii
COPYRIGHT.................................................................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................................vi
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................vii
LIST OF PICTURES......................................................................................................................................viii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................................................ix
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BANDAR COLLEGE................................................................................1
1.1.1 VISION................................................................................................................................................1
1.1.2 MISSION..............................................................................................................................................1
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ZANZIBAR PORT OF CORPERATION......................................................2
1.2.1 VISION OF ZANZIBAR PORTS CORPORATION......................................................................................4
1.2.2 MISSION OF ZANZIBAR PORTS CORPORATION...................................................................................4
1.2.3 OBJECTIVES OF ZANZIBAR PORT CORPERATION.................................................................................5
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................6
EXPLANATION OF DEPERTMENTS WITH THEIR ACTIVITIES..........................................................................6
2.1 OPERATIONAL DEPARTMENT..............................................................................................6
QUAY TRANSFER OPERATION..................................................................................................................6
STORAGE OPERATION..............................................................................................................................7
RECEIPT AND DELIVERY OPERATION.......................................................................................................7
THE DETAILS OF EACH SECTION UNDER OPERATION DEPARTMENT.......................................................7
2.2 OPERATION OFFICE....................................................................................................................7
2.3 IMPORT DEPARTMENT.....................................................................................................99
2.4 EXPORT DEPARTMENT....................................................................................................13
CONTAINER YARD OFFICE......................................................................................................................17
DHOW SHED..............................................................................................................................................17
WHARF AND HEAVY EQUIPMENT DEPERTMENT......................................................................................19

i
BUSINESS AND CLAIM OFFICE...................................................................................................................20
CHAPTER THREE........................................................................................................................................21
OTHER DEPARTMENT AND ORGANIZATIONS............................................................................................21
MARINE DEPARTMENT..............................................................................................................................21
ZANZIBAR FOOD DRUGS AUTHORITY (ZFDA).............................................................................................24
TANZANIA REVENUE AUTHORITY (TRA).....................................................................................................24
THE POLICE FORCE.....................................................................................................................................25
FIRE DEPARTMENT....................................................................................................................................25
CHAPTER FOUR..........................................................................................................................................26
5.1 THE GENERAL OVER VIEW...................................................................................................................26
5.2 CHALLENGES FACES ZPC......................................................................................................................26
5.3 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED FIELD STUDENT.....................................................................................27
5.4 RECOMMENDATION............................................................................................................................27
5.5 CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................28

ii
DECLARATION
I, DIODORUS JOSEPHAT do hereby declare that this is my own work and it has not been

submitted for a similar or any other diploma in any other college.

SIGNATURE: ……………………

DIODORUS JOSEPHAT

Submitted This ………Day of ………………2018

iii
CERTIFICATION
I, OMARY SHENAKAMBI, Supervisor, hereby certify that I have read and hereby recommend

for the acceptance by the Transport cargo marine organization (TCMO) the field report

conducted at Zanzibar Port Corporation in fulfillment of the requirements for an award of the

Odonary Diploma in Shipping and Port Management in Bandari College.

SIGNATURE............................................

OMARY SHENAKAMBI

This …..Day of……..2018

iv
COPYRIGHT
All rights reserved, this field report may not wholly or in part be reproduced, stored in any

retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical,

photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the author or the

Bandari College in that behalf.

©BANDARI COLLEGE 2018

v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Completion of this work has been possible due to effort and assistance from a number of

persons. Therefore I wish to acknowledge the assistance I got when undertaking this research,

the assistance without which my work would have been impossible.

Before expressing my gratitude to anybody, I would like to express my spirit of gratitude above

all to almighty God for his goodness to me during the conducting and compilation of this

research.

I am greatly indebted to my supervisors at ZPC and Bandari College supervisors MR. FRANCO

MWAKATAGE and OMARY SHENEKAMBI for their tireless guidance in report preparation

and completion of this work. From their productive and efficient education and report writing

guidance have contributed to the final shape and content of this work.

Also I wish to record my deep gratitude to the Zanzibar Port Corporation where I spent my time

during field studies.

I would like to extend my thanks with all due respects to my Family, my Parents, my brothers,

also Khamis Mohamedi and His wife for their tolerance when I was busy with my field studies.

To them all, I am deeply indebted

Last but not least, I express my appreciations to all those persons who contributed in one-way or

another to the successful completion of this work. It is impossible to mention all of you by

names, so to all of you “asanteni sana” and God bless you.

vi
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to my Family in General for their love, support and believing in

everything I do, they were source of my happiness and support.

vii
ABSTRACT
The general purpose of this field report is to show all the areas covered by student during field studies and
shows how the field studies imparted the knowledge and self-experience to student.

This report has for chapters with chapter one explaining the background of of both Bandari College and
Zanzibar Port Corporation.

Chapter two explains all the activities performed under operation department ant its sections while
chapter four explains about other organizations available at ZPC and lastly chapter four includes the
challenges, recommendation conclusion and general observation.

viii
LIST OF PICTURES
Picture 1: Delivery Order (D/O)

Picture 2: Gate Pass

Picture 3: Delivery Note

Picture 4: Tally Sheet

Picture 5: Shipping Order

Picture 6: Loading List

Picture 7: Loading Tally Sheet/discharge boat note

Picture 8: Import Process at dhow shed

Picture 9: Reach Stacker

Picture 10: Mobile Harbor Crane

ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
A.O.O - Assistance Operation Officer

BC - Bandari College

B/L - Bill of lading

CBM - Cubic Meter

D/O - Delivery order

EAC - East Africa Community

E.E.C - European Economic Community

E/D - Executive Director

ETA - Expected Time to Arrival

ETD - Expected Time to Departure

ICT - Internet Communication Technology

GMDSS - Global Maritime Distress Safety System

GPS - Global Position System

IMO - International Marine Organization

LO-LO - Lift-On & Lift-Off

M - Meter

MHC - Mobile Harbor Crane

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Mph - Move Per Hour

NACTE - National Council for Technical Education

ODSPM - Ordinary Diploma in Shipping and Port Management.

O.O - Operation Officer

PIL - Pacific International Line

PRO - Public Relation Officer

RO-RO - Roll-On & Roll-Off

S.S - Senior Supervisor

SSB - Single side band

TSH - Tanzanian Shillings

TRA - Tanzania Revenue Authority

USD - United States Dollar

VHF - Very High Frequency

WWW - World Wide Web

ZPC - Zanzibar Port Cooperation

ZWC - Zanzibar Wharfage Corpora

xi
CHAPTER ONE.

1.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BANDAR COLLEGE

Bandari College is the college which is under TANZANIA PORT AUTHORITY (TPA) for

training TPA employees so as to increase their skills of stuff only and it was established in 1890.

Bandari College was providing all port training activities as a former training center. The

training center was offered the course of clerical A, B, C and Engineering of equipment course

for Tanzania Port Authority stuffs.

After several years the Tanzania Port Authority provide training to other person who wants, so as

increase the number of people who well known about port activities because of increasing ports

activities every day. After college received full registration in 2003 from NACTE the

administration introduces other courses. The courses which are offered under BC are Basic

Technical Certificate in Shipping and Port, Clearing and Freight Forwarding, Public Relation and

Marketing, ICT and Diploma in those courses and short courses Equipment operations course,

Short Engineering course and another tailor made short course.

1.1.1 VISION
To be the best effective training institute for port marine time professional in Eastern Region.

1.1.2 MISSION
To offer state the art training for labor forces to man in the Port Operation and shipping industry

and related institution in Tanzania.

1
1.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ZANZIBAR PORT OF
CORPERATION
During the early stages there were no official ports in Zanzibar. That being the case practices of

port operation were conducted belly in different shores and inland waterways.

In Unguja the most common shore which was used as a local port was at Ras Shangani just a half

a kilometer south of the present Zanzibar Port (Malindi Wharf). Here sailing boats from

neighboring coastline of East Africa as well as Arabian coast used to call to discharge passengers

and cargo. This port also played a part in slave trade as slaves from inland East and Central

Africa were collected in Zanzibar and later transported to the Persian Gulf, India and other

neighboring countries where they were sold to work as slaves in date plantations sisal and other

commercial crops.

By that time there was no communication between dhows at sea and shore and also between one

dhows to another. This made seafaring very risky and many dhows capsized unnoticed leading to

several deaths, losses of cargo and vessels. In 1926 Zanzibar under British Protectorate realized

the construction of a masonry jelly just adjacent to Ras Shangani. As time went on the Jelly

could no longer satisfy the uses hence the British Government spent € 25,000 to construct a

shallow water port at Malindi. This port catered for small vessels (schooners and dhows)

exchanging passengers and goods between the mainland coastline and Unguja and between

Unguja and Pemba (the sister island of Unguja).

During monsoon winds (Kusi and Kaskazi) the port also received trade vessels from Gulf

Countries which brought cloth, beads and dried sharks. In exchange for the imports the sailing

dhows which came during South-East monsoon winds went back with slaves, ivory and precious

stones (gold and diamond) during the South-East monsoon winds. In 1988 under the financing of

the European Union (then European Economic Community –E.E.C) the present wharf was

2
constructed by an Italian Firm Cog far. The wharf catered for one large vessel and two smaller

vessels. The maximum depth of the wharf is twelve meters.

After this construction larger vessels started to berth alongside this was the beginning of

container operations in Zanzibar. The first eight foot container were brought from Middle East

by ships operated by Reef Line whose most cargo was from Dubai and the neighboring Arabian

Countries. Reef line operated considerably smaller ships (60m length over and 3m draft)

After noticing such facilities more shipping lines called at Zanzibar Ports with containerized

cargo as well as bulk and bleak bulk cargo. Likewise the cruise vessels which used to anchored

in the inner anchorage and discharge tourists in smaller motor boats now started to berth

alongside Malindi wharf. This marked a considerable rise in maritime trade. From then more and

larger ships call in Zanzibar whether cargo ships or tourist cruises. As a result now Zanzibar Port

plays a significant role in the economic development of Zanzibar whereby many tourist resorts

have been built throughout the sandy beaches of Zanzibar. Now tourism is second to cloves as a

foreign exchange generating industry.

On the other side of the coin the conflict of interest between the Department of Ports and Marine

Transport and the Zanzibar Wharf age Corporation (stevedoring Company) kept on growing

because of increased volume of cargo and passenger’s bears and tourists. However revenue in

both colliding parties increased considerably. At this point the Government had no other option

except Department of Ports and Marine Transport and Zanzibar Wharf age Corporation. It is here

where Zanzibar Ports Corporation was erected by Cap 1 of July 1997 taking charge of all the

activities of ports and Marine as well as the stereo roles.

The decision was correct and the project has been showing rapid growth ever since hear

inception.

3
Zanzibar port of corporation is a public entity which has established in 10 July, 1997 by the act

no 1/97 The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania.

ZPC has five ports two of them are International port which are Malindi Port and Mkoani Port

and local or domestic ports which are three namely, Weshe Port, Wete Port and Mkokotoni Port

Zanzibar Port of Corporation has full autonomy for operations and development of all these ports

which are under the Ministry of Transport and Communication of Zanzibar

ZANZIBAR PORT CORPERATION has five department and these departments are:

FINANCIAL DEPARTMEN, TECHNICAL DEPARTMENT, MARINE DEPARTMENT,

OPERATION DEPARTMENT and PEMBA BRANCH DEPARTMENT.

MALINDI PORT was built in 1925 as a modest lighter port. This port was handling more than

90% of Zanzibar trade. The wharves of main seaport were consulted in 1989 to 1991 with

assistance from European Union.

1.2.1 VISION OF ZANZIBAR PORTS CORPORATION

To improve maritime trade and provide quality services that satisfy marine transport used for

everyone in Zanzibar.

4
1.2.2 MISSION OF ZANZIBAR PORTS CORPORATION
To develop and manage the ports of Zanzibar by providing classic services and promote

excellent services in East African coastline.

1.2.3 OBJECTIVES OF ZANZIBAR PORT CORPERATION

i. To develop the employees knowledge through providing short and long courses.

ii. To improve in working environment, competence and salary to employees

iii. To reduce the charges so as to avoid inflation in Zanzibar island

iv. To develop the latest port handling facilities and efficient port Operation resulting in safe

guarding safety measures which will maintain an environmentally safe port

1.2.4 THE ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF ZPC SHOWING

COMMANDING CHAIN UPTO SECOND LEVEL BELOW

DIRECTORS.

5
CHAPTER TWO

EXPLANATION OF DEPERTMENTS WITH THEIR ACTIVITIES

2.1 OPERATIONAL DEPARTMENT
This is the main department which deals with all operation and activities operated at ZPC port.
And this department has eight sections which deals with different activities like discharging of
cargoes from the vessel and dhows as well as loading and stuffing of cargo inside the container
and the vessel. And those eight (8) sections are;

1. Operation office
2. Export section

6
 3. Import section
4. Container yard section
5. Dhow wharf section
6. Operation’s section
7. Commercial and claims section

Before I start to explain those aforementioned sections above, there are berth components which
comprise all functions operated under the operation department. And these key functions of berth
components in Zanzibar Port Corporation (ZPC) are four;

2.1.1 SHIP OPERATION.

The main activities performed here are discharging the containers and loading containers from
the vessel to quay side and from quay side to vessel by using LO-LO method with ship cranes,
also the use of RO-RO method to discharge transshipment cars and loading cars for exportation
from ZPC to TPA at slipway.

QUAY TRANSFER OPERATION

This operation is the link between quay side and storage area as it deals with the transferring of
the cargo or containers from the quay side to the container yard or other storage areas, and vice
versa. The main equipment used in this operation at ZPC are reach stacker which lifts and
transfer the full loaded containers from the quay side to container yards and vice versa, also folk
lifts and empty container handler which lifts and transfer the empty container to quay side from
the container yard (C Y).

STORAGE OPERATION
This operation deals with the indirect cargo either for import or for export where by these cargo
have to be stored first to the storage areas like warehouses and container yards before the ship
arrival for loading or before stuffing for export cargo, and after discharging has been taken place
before delivery either due to payment delays or for those sample containers.

RECEIPT AND DELIVERY OPERATION

Under this operation there are two main activities which are delivery and receipt. Under receipt
the port receives the cargo or container for export from the consignee after all payments has been

7
paid also here stuffing of cargo inside the container takes place, also under delivery the CFAs
come to the port to clear the goods whereby the cutting of container seals take place and dis
stuffing here two operation sections are involved which are container yard and import sections,
but other organizations are involved also during delivery such as TRA and ZFB.

THE DETAILS OF EACH SECTION UNDER OPERATION DEPARTMENT.

2.2 OPERATION OFFICE.

Under this section there different officers of operation such as Senior Operation Officer (S.O.O),
Operation officers (O.O) the Assistance Operation Officers (A.O.O) and the other Supervisors.
These officers are dealing with all ship’s performances by controlling the ship‘s operation at the
port. This starts with the arrival of the ship at the anchorage area after berth permission was
granted to the vessel, whereby the operation supervisor come into contact with the chief officer
of the vessel to get the discharging or loading plan.

And the main activities of these officers are filling the labor receipt book, and summary sheet.
And also they read and understand the bay plan as the bay plan is special to show the where 20ft
and 40ft containers have to be arranged in the hatches of the vessel these bay plan are prepared in
chats and number also they are colored. Also there is stowage plan that has to be red by port
supervisor in order to identify which side of the vessel the containers has to be loaded.

They are also aware all necessary details about the vessel on berth like ETA and ETD as well as
the capacity of the ship in term of draft and registered tonnage.

The supervisors on duty (O.O) has to make sure there is required equipment for operation such
as folk lift and reach stacker and the operators must be qualified to operate those equipment, also
there must be the gangs and other people like foreman, clerk, and crane operators and signal
man.

Always the operation is the continuous activity which is performed in term of shifts whereby
there is three (3) shifts each carries eight (8) hours. This helps the port employees to rest while
the job is done for twenty four (24) hours at the same speed. Whereby per each hour there is the
rate of 10 to 25 containers to be discharged or loaded.

8
Under operation department there is also different documents which are used during operation,
most of those documents are:

Labor Receipt Book, This is the document whereby all details of each shift are filled on, by
stating the shift and the supervisor of that shift, the number of gangs, foremen, the number of
cranes and the number of clerks.

Discharging or Loading List, This is the document which shows the lists of the container to be
loaded or discharged, and if the container to loaded is not in the loading list then that container
cannot be loaded on board of the vessel.

Tally Sheet, Also this is used in this office to record the information of each shift, as this
document is used by tally clerk to verify the amount of the cargo example by recording each
container and the seal number.

Summary Sheet, is the sheet which used to know the data of workers that have done to the
vessel either per shift or per day.

2.3 IMPORT DEPARTMENT

This is one of the operation department whereby this department deals with the all cargoes and
containers imported to ZPC whether coming from outside the country or continent and those
which come from inside the country like those from TPA to Zanzibar Port. This section is under
the leadership of Juma H. Juma who is Import Supervisor and Safia Haji Khatib who is
assistance supervisor then there is other Clerks.
Activities that involved at import department includes receiving delivery order from the
customers, preparing gates pass and delivery note, create outturn report, filling delivery book,
tallying process (discharging of the cargo).

Under this import section there are two sub-section which are:

a. Container import section

b. Mother vehicle import section

There are different documents which are used under import section and most of them are

i. Delivery order (D/O)

9
 ii. Manifest
iii. Gate pass
iv. Tally sheet
v. Delivery note

The following are the details of each document under import department and they are uses
from discharging of the cargo from the vessel to delivery of the cargo to the consignee.

a) Delivery Order, This document is coming from the CFA with five stamps
i. One stamp of Zanzibar Maritime Authority
ii. One stamp of Tanzania Revenue Authority
iii. One stamp of Zanzibar Bureau of Standards (ZBS)
iv. One stamp of Zanzibar Port Corporation (ZPC)
v. One stamp of Shipping Line (Company)

Apart from the stamps there is other important details on the D.O and most of them are

i. List of the containers with their registration numbers and size and type.
ii. List of the cargo and quantity of the cargo carried inside the containers.
iii. Name of the vessel,
iv. Bill of Lading Number
v. Voyage Number
vi. Name of Consignee.
vii. Port of Loading
viii. Port of Destination or Discharge
ix. Also ETA and ETD

The picture of D.O below shows all the details explained above

10
Picture 1

Through this D.O which is submitted by the CFA at the import section from the shipping office
such as MAERSK, CMA CGM and EMIRATE and that delivery order is used to prepare the
Gate Pass by import clerk after the permission from the import supervisor.

b) Gate Pass, this is the document which is prepared in import section office by clerk which
allows the CFA to clear the cargo from the port after all necessary payments has been paid.

There is three copies of gate pass with different color each.

i. Blue Colour for TRA
ii. Pink Colour for ZPC and
iii. Yellow Color remain at import office within the gate pass book.

Also the following are the important details available on Gate Pass.

i. Name of the vessel

ii. Name of Shipping line
iii. Name of CFA or consignee
iv. Gate Pass Number
v. Date when the gate pass was issued

11
 vi. Date of the vessel arrival
vii. Name of loading Port
viii. Container Number and its size.
ix. Type of the cargo inside the container
x. Signature of the Import Clerk
xi. Stamp of TRA

And the picture of Gate Pass below shows the all details available as mentioned above.

Picture 2

Thereafter gate pass preparation then the CFA with the import clerk, TRA agent, also container
yard clerk and police officer both of them go to the container yard for delivery by cutting the
container seals and dis stuffing of goods from the container or by removing the whole container
as 1 unity.

c) Delivery note, this document is filled by import clerk to allow the clearing agent/ cargo
owner’s vehicle which carries the cargo to pass through check point to transfer the cargo
outside the port after all process of delivery have been made.
And the following are the details available on delivery note.
i. Container Number
ii. Types of cargo
iii. Truck number
iv. Gate pass number

12
 v. Name of the ship
vi. Name of the shipping line
vii. Total of the cargo
viii. Name of the vessel and shipping line.
ix. Date issued
x. Name and signature of clerk
xi. Name and signature of clearing agent.

And the picture of delivery note below shows the all details available as mentioned above.

Picture 3

d) Tally Sheet, this is the document used to verify the number of cargo discharged from the
vessel by tally clerk. Most of the cargo being tallied in import section are containers.
Therefore the tally sheet has five parts which are container tally part, where to write the size
of the container part, seal number part, position part, and remarks part whether the container
is full or is empty.

Also the following are the other details available on import discharging tall sheet.

i. The name of the vessel

ii. Bay number
iii. Shift number
iv. Number of cranes operating
v. Date of the operation
vi. Name of the shipping line

13
vii. Name of the Senior Supervisor and his/her signature
viii. Name of the Tally Clerk and his/her Signature.

Picture 4.

2.4 EXPORT DEPARTMENT

This operation section deals with the exportation of the cargo or containers from ZPC to other
ports worldwide like Shanghai port, and Busan, South Korea. And this department has different
procedures to be followed from the point of booking the space on board of the vessel to the point
of shipment.

And the following are the procedures from the time of booking space on board of the vessel to
the shipment point.

i. The shipper writes the letter which request for space for his cargo for shipment to the
Shipping corporation of Zanzibar. Shipping Corporation of Zanzibar is the main agent
of all ships companies which use Zanzibar Ports.
ii. Then Shipping Corporation of Zanzibar communicate with ships companies which
have the route of the cargo and then they issued shipping order and give it to the
Shipper.
iii. Shipper with shipping order (S/O) go direct to the custom and pay all wharf age
charges, if that cargo is sea weed or cloves the shipper must pay charges of the
ministry of Business. After complete this process he/she needed to go to the export
office at Zanzibar Port Corporation.

14
 iv. At Export office he/she show S/O to the export supervisor and then direct to the
container yard looking for container which is suitable for stuffing his/her cargo, after
get it the stuffing process with presence of police officers, TRA and Export clerk.
v. After tallying the cargo which has been stuffed to the container they close the doors.
vi. And put seal and recorded to the tallying book hen allocate container along the berth
waiting for loading.
vii. When container loaded to the ship must tallied in order to know how many container
has been loaded.
viii. After loading the container to the ship, Chief Officer must sign the shipping order as
to agree that he/ she received that container on the board.
ix. As the result S/O after signed called MATE RECEIPT and be ready to prepare bill of
lading.

Apart from the procedures the following are the functions performed under export section.

i. Stuffing, this is whereby the cargo owner put the cargo inside the container at the port
premise, during that process there are different people from different department
depending on the type of the cargo being staffed, but the common people to be there are
the export clerk, container yard clerk, TRA agent, and police, sometimes ZFB if the cargo
are food stuff.
ii. Tallying this is performed by export tally clerks at different areas inside the port for
example at the quay side for loading tally, or at the container yard during stuffing the
merchandise inside the containers.
iii. Preparing reports, such as daily report, weekly report and monthly report for the activities
done by export office depending on the turnaround of the ship and the number ship that
arrives and departs at the port.

Also these are the documents used in export section during operations, most of them are

a) Shipping order, this is the document used for booking space on board of the vessel or it
requests the master of the vessel to carry the cargo on board of the vessel.

The following are the details that found in shipping order such as;

i. Shipping order number

15
 ii. Port of shipment
iii. Date of issues
iv. Destination port
v. Marks and Number
vi. Packages
vii. Contents

The picture below shows the above details available on shipping order.

Picture 5

b) Loading list, is the document that shows full details of cargos that expected to be loaded
on board of the vessel which help to know cases that occur during loading.

16
 Picture 6
c) Container loading tally sheet, this is the sheet used by export tally clerk to record the
containers loaded to the vessel either full container or empty containers.

Picture 7

d) Stuffing book used to record all details of cargo which has been tally during stuffing of
containers.

17
CONTAINER YARD OFFICE.
This office deals with all the containers imported or exported through Zanzibar Port, by storing
all the container at the container yard, such as Vigae vipya container yard, Mwembe mdogo
container yard and Shaba Container yard. At those yards the containers are stacked to 5 high
stacking.

Also this office deals with delivery by cutting the container seal, also deals with loading of full
and empty containers, as well as discharging of the containers from the vessel.

Other containers are stored outside but near the port due to shortage of storage areas inside the
port but only the empty containers and that area where those containers are stored is called
Bwawani.

The other activities performed by container yard office are preparing daily, weekly, and monthly
report of the whole activities performed by container yard employees.

Then, there are different documents used in container yard offiuch as:

I. Tally Sheet,
II. Daily report
III. Weekly report
IV. Monthly report
V. Loading list.

DHOW SHED
This is operation department section which deals with all local cargo either for export or for
import, that are carried by dhows and other small ships like Jitihada Ship, Aziza Ship and
Mapinduzi ship. These dhows and ships transport goods like Rice, Cement, Charcoal, Timber,
Beer, potatoes, and maize. The routes of these dhows and ships are Tanga, Bagamoyo, Pemba
and Dar es Salaam.

Also this department has two section the financial section special for payment of wharf age
charges and the Operation section special for importing and exporting activities.

And the payment are paid based on tonnage, or CBM. And ZPC payments are paid in term of
USD, whereby 1 USD stands for 3300TSHS.
18
At dhow shed department the operation are done manually by porter. As can be seen on the
picture below as they are discharging the general cargo (cements) from the small ship to the cars
whereby the payment will be calculated in term of CBM. For example TATA Car is considered
to have 15 CBM, CANTER car is considered to have 12CBM and Fuso car is considered to have
18 CBM.

Picture 8

That. 1CBM = 1USD

1Ton = 1USD

And the documents used at Dhow shed are

i. Transire is the document that given to the TRA

ii. Tax invoice is the document that is used by cargo owner.

19
WHARF AND HEAVY EQUIPMENT DEPERTMENT
This department deals with the equipment that are used to lift, move, transfer and stacking the
container inside and outside of Zanzibar Port. Also the department deals with the shifts of the
operators who operates those equipment.

There are two units in this department which includes mechanics and operators, where by
mechanics deals with the process of repairing and maintenance of the equipment and operators
unit’s deals with operating and handling the equipments.

Under that department there is different equipment most of them are;

Reach Stacker which is used to move the full containers from the quay side to container yard or
from container yard to quay side as well as to stack the container at the yard, whereby each shift
two operators operates that equipment.

This is the picture of reach stacker

Picture 9

Also there other equipment like folk lift which used to lift and move empty and full container
within a short distances also there is Terminal Tractor (TT), this is used to transfer container
outside the port at ZPC and Mobile Harbor Crane which requires two operators and one signal
man, who communicates directly with the operator through radio call.

20
The following bellow is the picture of MHC available at ZPC.

Picture 10.

BUSINESS AND CLAIM OFFICE.

It is the department that deals with the commercial issues across the port and customer’s claims
about the port operations. ZPC introduce this department purposely to listen on customer’s
complaint and problem they faces during the operation. Claim is the demand of compensation.
Claims depend on loss of goods, damage of goods, damage to ship or other third party property
and injury to people

Documents of claims includes custom entry, declaration & disposal order, damage good report,
the packing list, bill of lading, the manufacturer invoice, defective package receipt and
examination voucher. Types of claims include stevedoring claims, administration claims and
ware housing claims.

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CHAPTER THREE

OTHER DEPARTMENT AND ORGANIZATIONS.

MARINE DEPARTMENT
This is the department that deals with all activities which is done at the sea around the port area.

This department have five sections

1) Mooring
2) Signal tower
3) Tug services
4) Harbor master office
5) Mkokotoni Port

Mooring, is the section under marine department which deal with mooring and unmooring for
arriving and departure of ships in Zanzibar Ports. They secure the ship to forestall free movement
of ship in water.
Signal tower, is the section which deals with communication in the port, Zanzibar port signal
station equipped with SSB and VHF radio which resenting for 24 hours stand by FQ for SSB
8297.90 from 0800 to 1200 and 1800 to 2000 by channel for VHF16 and 13 24 hours,
GMDSS not installed.
Responsibilities of signal tower
i. Controlling all radio communication in the port.
ii. Guide nation boundaries.
iii. Full vessel control

Equipment that are available in control room

i. VHF- Very High Frequency
ii. SSB- Single Side Band
iii. AIS SOFTWARE- Automatic Identification System
iv. Arial

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 v. Arial 2
vi. Arial 3

PHONETIC ALPHABET USED TO THE CONTRAL ROOM

NO. LETTER CODE WORD
1. A ALFA

2. B BRAVO

3. C CHARLIE

4. D DELTA

5. E ECHO

6. F FOXTROT

7. G GOLF

8. H HOTEL

9. I INDIA

10. J JULIETT

11. K KILO

12. L LIMA

13. M MIKE

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 14. N NOVEMBER

15. O OSCAR

16. P PAPA

17. Q QUEBEC

18. R ROMEO

19. S SIERRA

20. T TANGO

21. U UNIFORM

22. V VICTOR

23. W WHISKEY

24. X X-RAY

25. Y YANKEY

26. Z ZULU

Control tower document

i. Daily shipping report
ii. Small vessel movement report
iii. Vessel report (Foreign)

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Content of Daily shipping report
i. Ships name
ii. Rotation number
iii. Arrival time
iv. Departure time
v. Number of adult passenger
vi. Number of child passenger
vii. Number of crew
viii. Total tons of cargo

Tug services
A tugboat is a boat that maneuvers vessel by pushing or towing them. Tugs move vessel that
either should not move themselves or those that cannot move by themselves. Example barges
and disabled ship. Zanzibar Ports corporation tug service provide all tug and assistances services
for vessel and barges.

Responsibilities of Tug boat in ZPC

i. To assist mooring of the vessel.
ii. To maneuver vessel in Quay.
iii. They are responsible to transfer pilots to or from the ship.
iv. To assist in fire fighting
v. They repair damaged buoyage and return disposition buoyage on its original place.

Most of the equipment of tugboat

i. Radar
ii. Compass
iii. GPS
iv. Eco- sounder
v. Tug bollard
vi. Expansion tank
vii. Two engine with propeller
viii. Water pump (for firefighting)

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Harbor master section deals with operating a ship that want to berth or leaving at the port area,
also it deals for sending pilot to the ship that want to berth at Zanzibar Port according the law
which established by IMO.

Mkokotoni
Is the domestic port under marine department but it only deals with Dhow, Mkokotoni port
allocated 35km from Zanzibar town.

ZANZIBAR FOOD DRUGS AUTHORITY (ZFDA)

This is one the organization available at ZPC port special to test the quality of all food stuffs and
medicines either imported or exported through Zanzibar Port.

This is done during delivery after cutting the container seal for the imported cargo whereby only
a small portion is taken as the sample from the container to the laboratory to test the quality or if
there is any harmful materials in those foods. For example of those food stuffs are biscuits. Also
this is done for the cargo to be stuffed inside the container such as sea weeds (mwani) to make
sure that those goods are safe and lawful to be exported outside.

TANZANIA REVENUE AUTHORITY (TRA)

This is the government organization special for collection of taxes for all cargo to be imported or
exported from ZPC. This is done through different methods,

First there is scanner which is used to scan the goods/cargo inside the container to make sure that
the cargo stated on the shipping order is the same to that stuffed in term of value in order to get
the appropriate tax which is required.

Also there is physical verification for both the incoming and outgoing cargo whereby during
delivery or stuffing there is always the TRA Agent to check and verify the cargo physically to
make sure that the cargo stated on bill of lading and delivery order are the same as the value of
the tax paid at TRA office.

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THE POLICE FORCE
There is KMKM who are the police officers special for safety of the cargo and the other people
around and within the port especially the port workers and those who come with the vessels.

Also there are there to make sure that there is no illegal products or goods are imported or
exported through ZPC for example cocaine and marijuana.

FIRE DEPARTMENT
This is also the important department as it deals with the safety of the cargo and lives of the all
members and non-members inside the port and near the port or during occurrence of the
accidents at the sea or during the fire eruption or any other accident during operation.

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CHAPTER FOUR

5.1 THE GENERAL OVER VIEW.

There is gap but not that between class studies and practical trainings as you can observe that

there are different ways of work performing methods at port since there is other tasks within the

offices that you do not learn in class but you face them at the work, for example to remove rent

at export office which means to verify the container which has been loaded or do not belong at

Zanzibar port any more.

There is no equal proportional of work performances as you can observe that one clerk may

perform a lot of work per day while the others perform less or not at all.

5.2 CHALLENGES FACES ZPC.

i. Inadequate infrastructures, equipments and working facilities, ZPC faces the challenge of having

poor working facilities that enables the port activities to be done effectively by the employees.

ii. Inadequate professional with modern skills covering all key functional areas of modern

employees. Most of port clerk have low skills that could affect efficient and effective on

performing the port activities.

iii. Poor Employee’s performance management systems. The corporation have no tendency of

measuring the performance of their employees hence led them not to understand the performance

of their employees.

iv. Inadequate application of computerized system to support Ports Operation. There are other

departments that do not use computerized system in controlling and doing their daily port

activities. So this led the port to have low performance.

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 v. Inadequate space for container handling and storage. This is another challenge that faces ZPC in a

way that the port occupies low space for container storage; hence there is the need of expanding

the port in order to have large container storage space.

5.3 CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED FIELD STUDENT.

i. Unwillingness of other supervisor or clerks to share the knowledge with the students.

ii. Most of the employees are not aware with the knowledge the students have studied in class

which led to get less explanation on other areas during practical studies. For example the

explanation of the containers allocation to the hatches.

iii. Also the students had some difficulties to deal with most of costumers especially during the

filling of delivery not at car section as most of them tend to underestimate the students and

use abusive language at the same time trying to express that they very busy and in harry while

the students have no experiences and are very slow.

5.4 RECOMMENDATION
i. Providing out education and training development to their employees, within the organization in

order for the organization to grow more and employees to have higher rate of performance on

their job. Through provision of training and development employees will acquire new competent

skills and knowledge that they should possess so as to perform effectively.

ii. Purchasing modern, efficient and effective equipments, resources and tools. Employees must

have effective and efficient tools and resources that could enable them to perform better. Those

tools and resources must base on the job that employee performs. Through this employees will be

able to increase their performance and led to the development of the port.

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 iii. Development of computerization system. They must develop the system of computerization in

order to have exactly database. Also will simplify the work in a way that works will be done in a

short period of time hence increase the port efficient.

iv. Establishment of performance appraisal system. ZPC must establish the performance appraisal

system to the company for the purpose of understanding the efficient of the port activities and

employees themselves.

v. Enlargement of container yard. This is where by the corporation should reconstruct the container

storage space, purposely to handle a lot of containers that received in the port.

5.5 CONCLUSION
The field study was very successful apart from the circumstances we encountered as the students

because as the students we were able to gain experiences from the knowledge we gained during

practical training and experiences of doing the job every day from Monday to Friday that we are

now ready to perform the operations activities at any port with enough knowledge since we are

experienced.

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REFERENCES

STATUTES

The Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977 [CAP 1]

THE ZANZIBAR FOOD, DRUGS AND COSMETICS ACT, NO. 2 OF 2006.

JOURNALS

Assessment of Tanzania Ports in the Regional Economic Environment MAY 2012.

Zanzibar Development Vision 2020

INTERNET SOURCES

https://www.zpc.go.tz/index.php/organization-structure

http://www.tzdpg.or.tz/fileadmin/_migrated/content_uploads/Ports_in_Tz_assessment_-

Draft_Final_Report_v8_for_Stakeholder_Circulation.pdf

www.zpc.go.tz

www.fleetmon.com/ports/zanzibar 1332

www.worldport.com/TZA port of zanzibar.1472php

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