PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

EXERCISE - 1
Single Choice

1 19.
 T 2 2
  i dt 
O 
2. Irms =  T 
 
 
 

 T [3  4sin(t   / 3)]2 
1/2 Vrms 100
dt   17 . 20. rms = =
=  Z  1 
2
 0 T  R 2   L  
 C 
3. V = 100 sin100 t cos 100  t P.d. across resistance = R rms = 100 volt.
V = 50 sin 200  t
here VO = 50 V0 200
&  = 200  23. R =  = = 40  (For circuit x)
0 5
f = 100 Hz
V0
4. If net area of E – t curve is zero for given interval XL =  = 40  (For circuit y)
0
then average value will be zero.
If x & y are in series
9. P av = vrms Irms cos  200 5
Here  = 90º So Pav = 0 = = Amp.
40  2 2
2 0 5
 P   2P R  rms = = amp.

12. <P> =  rms R =   R 2 2
 2 2

14. 2R = 100 L

25. tan = tan45º =
100 100 R
R= 2 = (2) 2 = 25. XL = L = R.


200 2
V0 10 26.  = = 200 × C= 20 mA.
16. IO = =  XC   2
L 100  5  10  3
27. Vo ltage of source is always less than
R
17. cos = (V1 + V2 + V3), Vnet = V12  V22  V32
z
z ' z 31. Current lags behind voltage.
% change = × 100 = 100% .
z
1 1
If XL > XC  2 L   
Vrms Vrms 2  C 2 LC
18. rms = = = 2A
Z R 2  (L) 2 1
But as r =
L 66 3 2 LC
tan = = = . therefore,  > r
R 88 4

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 ALTERNATING CURRENT

60 1 6. AB
32. rms = = Amp.
120 2
7. AB
VL = rms × (L)
8. P avr = Irms Vrms cos 
1
40 = × (40 × 103) × L cos  can not be more than 1 so power can not be
2
more than 1000.
L = 20 mH
2
 1   1 
At resonance VC = Irms   = VL 9. Z = R 2   L  2
 = (100)  (100  200)
2
 c   C 

1 1 1 = 100 2
C= × 3 × 40
2 4  10
Vrms
25 Irms =
Z
C= F..
8 P R = rms2 R
V2 N2 8 PL = 0
34. = = PC = 0
V1 N1 1
V2 = 8 × 120 = 960 volt 10. AB
960
= = 96 mA. 11. AC
10 4
V0 10
36. I1 E1 = I2 E2 12. I0 = =
L   5  10 3
1E1 5  220
I2 = E = = .05 A
2 22000 13. BD

14. AC
EXERCISE - 2
Part # I : Multiple Choice
Part # II : Assertion & Reason

1. ABC 1. A

2. ABCD 2. Statement 1 is false because the given relation is true

if all voltages are instantaneous.
R R
3. cos = = 1
z R 2  (x L  x C )2 3. D

Because xL = xC 4. Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is

a correct explanation for Statement-1
4. BC
1 1 EXERCISE - 3
5. Resonance frequency f = = 500 Hz Part # I : Matrix Match Type
2 LC
At resonance 1. (A)  (r), (B)  (q), (C)  (p), (D)  (q)
Z=R
2. (A) Inductance of a coil depends on its shape and
V V magnetic properties of its core (medium inserted)
& I= 
z R
(B) Capacitance of capacitor depends on its shape and
L & C are in out of phase. dielectric properties of medium inserted.

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PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED

EXERCISE - 4
(C) Impedance of coil R 2  2 L2 depends on resis Subjective Type
tivity (due to R), shape (for L), magnetic properties
of core inserted and also depends on angular fre
quency  of external voltage source. o
1. (e2 1) / 2
1 e
(D) Reactance of capacitor = depends on shape
C 2. VO = 2 Vrms = 220 2
(for C), nature of dielectric medium (for C) and exter
nal voltage source (due to ). VO
V =
2
Part # II : Comprehension
VO
Comprehension#1  = VO sin t
2
1. C

2. Ceq decreases thereby increasing resonant frequency.  2f × t =  t = 2.5 ms
4
1
3. Average energy stored = Li2rms 1
2
T 2
2
1   (a  bsin t) dt 
= (2.4 × 10–3 H) . (1 A)2 = 1.2 mJ    2 1 2
1/2
2 3.  rms  o =   a  b
T  eff  2 
4. B 5. D   
 
Comprehension#2  
1. As current is leading the source voltage, so circuit
should b e capacitive in natur e and as phase 4. VO = Vrms × 2 = 12 2
 5. 0
difference is not , it must contain resistor also.
2
2. A i VO
6. VO = 3 × 106 × 2 × 10–3  Vrms = = 3 kV
2
3. For DC circuit 7. P = i  = [2 sin 250  t] [10 sin (250t + /3)] at
1
t 2
– t t= × 10 –3  P = 10 watt
i = i0 e RC and RC = 0.01 sec. 3

2 10
Comprehension#3 < P > = irms  rms cos  = × × cos/3
2 2
1. C 2. B
3. When switch is closed 100 8. 0.72 W
2
vrms (applied) = 100 volts 100V

2.2 3
vpeak (applied) = 100
2 9.

When switch is open
45º 100
2 2
1 50  1 
f=  = 25 Hz 10. (i)    rms  + [20]2 = [200]2
1 1 2   C 
2 
25  100 
5 50
where Irms = &  = 2 × 11
Resistance R = XL = XC = 2fL = 2 20 
Average power consumption
or [(L) rms]2 + (20)2 = 2002
2
 100  10000 (ii) Irms × R + 20 = 200
=   2 = 5000 W..
 2  2 (iii) does not loss in C and L.

178
 ALTERNATING CURRENT

E rms Vrms 230

11. (a) Irms = (a) Irms = =
z Z Z

1 1
2 where Z = L – = 2f L – 2 fc
2  1  c
where Z = R   L – 
 c  = 20 – 10 = 10
(b) VR rms = Irms R = 30, VL rms = Irms (L) = 10 & IO = 2 × Irms = 23 2
 1 
VC rms = I rms   = 50  1 
 C  (b) VL = Irms (L) VC = Irms  
 c 
12. 25 mJ, 5mJ (c) < PL> = Irms Vrms cos 
here  = 90º So <P> = 0
2
13. rms × R = 100 ........... (1) (d) <PC> = 0 (e) < PNet> = 0

(1)2 × R = 100  R = 100  23. (a) 23 2 A, 23 A (b)460 volt, 230 volt (c) zero
Vrms = Irms Z  110 = Irms Z (d) zero (e) zero
21 50 1 1 1
110 = 1 × Z = R 2  (L)2  L = H 24. f = × fr  f =   =
22 10 0 2 2  LC 2 LC

1 V 150 2
14. Z = 50 2 ohm, VC = 500 2 volt (a) X = L  = 150 (b) I0 = 0 =
C Z R2  x2
1
and VL= 600 2 volt,  0 V0 R
2 PCW = Irms Vrms cos = 
2 Z

15. Here phase difference  = 360º &  = 5000 25. (a) 150 b 1 amp, 75 watt.
1 1 1 26. general equation of V
at Resonance C = 2 = 2

 L (5000) 0.01 Vo 2V0
V= t – V0 = t – V0
T/2 T
V0 141.4
R= 
0 5 1
1 2 2
T  T 2V
2
2   0  
t – V0  dt
 0  T
16. 125 , 288 J   V dt 
0    V
Vrms =   =  = 0
250 T  T  3
17. (a) Hz (b) 2 mA  
3    
   
18. 1×10–8 henry
EXERCISE - 5
24 12 Part # I : AIEEE/JEE-MAIN
19. R = =4  I= = 1.5 Amp.
6 44
20. Transformer does not work on D.C. q2 1 2 Q2
21. zero 1.  L 
2C 2 2C
22. Give that
L = 0.1 H 1 2 q2
but L 
C = 500 × 10–6 F 2 2C

10 0  q 2  Q2 Q
Vrms = 230 volt, f= Hz So 2     q =

 2C  2C 2

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PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED

2. The core of transformer is laminated to reduce energy 220

loss due to eddy currents. irms = = 1.1
200
3. n an LCR series a.c. circuit, the voltage across inductor P = (irms )2 × R = (1.1)2 × 200
L leads the current by 90º and the voltage across P = 242 W
capacitor C lags behind the current by 90º
R L

VL 9.
90º KVL
i
90º VR
VC C

dI q
IR + L - =0
Hence, the voltage across LC combination will be zero. dt C

4. The full cycle of alternating current consists of two half d 2q dq q

L 2
= -R +
cycles. For one half, current is positive and for second dt dt C
half, current is negative. Therefore, for an a.c. cycle, the comparing with equation of damped oscillation
net value of current average out to zero. While for the
d2y dy
half cycle, the value of current is different at different d 2
= -γ - ky
points. Hence, the alternating current cannot be dt dt
measured by D.C. ammeter The equation of amplitude is y = Ae-bt
5. In the condition of resonance γ R
where b = =
XL = XC 2m 2L
1 -
Rt
or L = ..............(i) \  q max = q 0 e 2L
C
Rt
Since, resonant frequency remains unchanged, 2 2
-
L
\  q max = q 0 e
so, LC = constant
R
or LC = constant  time constant  =
L
 L1C1 = L2C2
since L1 > L2
L 1 < 2
 L × C = L2 × 2C L2 =
2 Hence correct graph is 3.
Alternative solution
6. Power factor The value of Qmax reduces because of energy dissipation
R 12 4 in resistor. As the value of inductor increases the time
= cos  = =  = 0.8 taken for capacity to discharge or charge increases
Z 15 5
therefore heat dissipation time decreases. Hence correct
1 graph is 3.
X
7. tan  = =    R=0
R 0 Part # II : IIT-JEE ADVANCED

XL R 200 1. (i) here current lead the voltage

8. tan 30º =  XL = =
R 3 3 R
tan  =
1 / c
XC 200
tan 30º =  Xc = 
R 3 tan = RC
4
1 1
Z= R  (XL  XC )2 = 200  RC = 
 100

180
 ALTERNATING CURRENT

2. Inductive reactance or V2  and V2 > V1

XL = L = (50) (2) (35 × 10–3)  11 So, answer of q  B, C, D

Impedance Z = R 2  X L2 = (11) 2  (11) 2 = 11 2 

Given vrms = 220 V
Hence, amplitude of voltage
v0 = 2 vrms = 220 2 V (r)

v  220 2 sin t

20 i=20sin(t– /4)
O T 9T/8
Inductive reactance XL = L
t
 10 2 T/8 T/4 T/2 5T/8 XL = 6 × 10–1 
and resistance = R = 2
So, V1 = XL
v0 220 2
 Amplitude of current i0 = = or i0 = 20 A and V2 = R Hence, V2 > V1
Z 11 2
So, Answer of r  A,B,D
X   11  
Phase difference  = tan–1  L  = tan–1   =
 R   11  4
In L–R circuit voltage leads the currents, Hence,
instantaneous current in the circuit is,
i = (20A) sin(t – /4) (s)
Corresponding i–t graph in shown in figure.
Vrms Here, V1 = XL, where, XL = 6 × 10–1 
3. irms =
1
R2  2 2 10 4
 c Also, V2 = XC, where, XC =
3
when  increases, irms increases so the bulb glows
brighter So, V2 > V1
V1 
V2 
So, answer of s  A,B,D
4. (p)

As  is steady state current (t)

V1 = 0 ; =0
Hence, V2 = V So, answer of P  C
10 4
Here, V1 = R, where, R = 1000  , XC = 
3

10 4
V2 = XC , where, XC = 
(q) 3
So, V2 > V1
and V1 
In the steady state ; V2 
d So, answer of t  A,B,D
V1 = 0 as = 0  V2 = V = R
dt Ans. (A) – r,s,t ; (B) – q,r,s,t ; (C) – p,q ; (D) – q,r,s,t

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PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED

Note : For circuit ‘p’ :

1 1
7. C = 100 F, =
Ldi q di C (100) (100  10  6 )
V–  = 0 or CV = CL +q or
dt C dt XC = 100 , XL = L = (100) (.5) = 50 

d 2i dq d 2i 1 dq Z1 = x C2  100 2 = 100 2
0 = LC  or 
dt 2 dt dt 2
LC dt
Z2 = x 2L  50 2 = 502  502 = 50 2
 1 
So, i = i0 sin  t  0   = 20 2 sin t
 LC 
As per given conditions, there will be no steady state in 20 2
i1 = sin (t + /4)
circuit ‘p’. So it should not be considered in options 100 2
(i1)max = 0.2 A
R C 1 45º
i1 = sin (t + /4)
2 5
 1  45º
5. Case I Z= R2    (i2 )
 C  20 2 ma
x =0
~ I2 = sin (t – /4) .4
50 2 A

1 1
I= (.2) 2  (.4)2 = (.2) 1  4 = 5 5= 5
V
Case II A
R   Z´ < Z
Z 1 1 10
(I)rms = = =  0.3A
2 5 10 10
V
 BR   A B A B
R   R  VR  VR
(V100)rms = (I1)rms) × 100
Z´
 0.2  20
So. VCA  VCB  VR2  VC2  V02 =  × 100 = 2 = 10 2V
 2

 0.4  20
C V50)rms =   × 50 = = 10 2 V
R  2 2
6.
Since rms  0.3 A so A may or may not be correct.
~ 8. CD
W = 500 rad/s
MOCK TEST
2
 1  2
Z    R = R 1.25 1. From Kirchoff’s current law,
 C 
i3 = i1 + i2 = 3 sin t + 4 sin (t + 90º)
2
 1 
  + R2 = R2 (1.25) = 32  4 2  2(3)(4) cos 90º sin (t + )
 C 
2 4 sin 90º 4
 1  R2 where tan  = =
3
  + R2 = R2 + 3  4 cos 90º
 C  4
 i3 = 5 sin (t + 53º)
1 R 2 2 2.  =  0 sin t
   CR = = sec.
C 2  500 If i = im sin (t – )

2 2  1000  1 
= × 103 ms = ms = 4 ms then vC =   i sin (t –  – /2)
500 500  C  m

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 ALTERNATING CURRENT
and vL = (L) im sin (t –  + /2).
6 According to given problem,
So vC + vL + vR =  0 sin t
 0 + vR =  0 sin t  vR =  0 sin t V V
  ... (1)
Z [R 2  (1 / C ) 2 ]1/ 2
1
L 
Also tan  =  C = 0, so i = i sin t  V
R m and,  ...(2)
2 [R  (3 / C ) 2 ]1/ 2
2

Hence answer is (B)

Substituting the value of  from Equation (1) in (2),
2
 1  2  1  9
z=  L   R =R 4 R2  2 2  = R2  2 2 .
 C   C   C 
3. When capacitance is removed 1 3 2
i.e., = R
L C  2 2 5
tan  = or L = 100 tan 60º ...(1)
R
1/2
when inductance is removed 3 2
X (1 / C )  R  3
5
tan  =
1
or
1
= 100 tan 60º ...(2)
So that    
(C)(R) C R R R 5

1 7. Vrms = 16 2  20 2 = 25.6 V
From equation (1) & (2) L =
C
So it is condition of resonance. 8. i = 3 sin t + 4 cos t
so z = R = 100 
 = v/R = 200/100 = 2A
3 4 
= 5  sin t  cos t 
Power P = 2 R = 4 × 100 = 400 W 5 5 
4. Current leads emf so circuit is R – C. = 5 sin (  t   )  ..........(1)
tan  = xC/R,  = 45º, R = 1000 ,  = 100 T2

1  idt
since tan 45º = So C = 10 F 5 T1
 CR rms value =  mean value = T2
2
5. From the rating of the bulb , the resistance of the bulb  dt
T1
can be calculated.
 Initial value of time is not given hence the mean
V 2 value will be different for various time intervals.
R= rms =100 
P If voltage applied is V = Vm sint then i given by
equation (1) indicates that it is ahead of V by  where
0 <  < 90 which indicates that the circuit contains R
& C.
Hence (C).

9. v = v0 sin (t + /4) = v0cos (t– /4)
Since V lags current, an inductor can bring it in phase
For the bulb to be operated at its rated value the rms with current.
current through it should be 
Vrms
Also, rms=
Z

200 3
 1= L= H
2
100  ( 2 50L ) 2 

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PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED
In a LCR circuit

v= (v L  v C ) 2  v R 2 = (6  12) 2  82
10.
v = 10 ; which is less than voltage drop across
capacitor.
15. If we have all R,L and C then  vs. E will be :
XC

R
E
XL

V 200 V 200 To obtain a leading phase difference of /4 :

R = = = 2A ‘ = = = 2A
R 100 XL  XC 100
if XL < XC and we use all R, L and C in the circuit,
then the resultant graph will be :
=  R 2  2 = 2 2 Amp.
(XC- XL )
11. Resultant voltage = 200 volt
Since V1 and V3 are out of phase 180º, the resultant nt
lt a
voltage is equal to V2 su
Re
 V2 = 200 volt R
E
12. The circuit will have inductive nature if
which can give a leading phase difference of /4 :
1  1  Similarly, if we have only resistance and capacitor
>  L  . then we can obtain a phase difference of /4 (leading)
LC  C
for suitable values of  , XC and R. But we cannot
Hence A is false. Also if circuit has inductive nature the obtain a leading phase difference of /4 if we use
current will lag behind voltage. Hence D is also false.
only capacitor (phase difference of /2), or only
1  1  (inductor and resistor) (phase difference of /2), or
If  =  L   the circuit will have resistance only resistor (phase difference of 0).
LC   C
nature. Hence B is false V0 4V0
16. (i) V = t V= t
T/4 T
R
Power factor cos = = 1 it L 4V0
2
 1   Vrms =  V2  = t 
R 2   L   T
 C 
1/2
1  T/4 2 
= . Hence C is true.   t dt
C 4V0 0  V0
=  T/4  =
13. XL = XC at resonance T 3
 
  dt 
XL  0 
 X C = 1. for both circuits T

R R 8 4  vdt
14. Since, cos = = = = 17. < V > =
0
= 0.
Z Z 10 5 T
(Also cos can never be greater than 1)  dt
Hence (C) is wrong. 0
Also, xC > xL  xC > xL .
 Current will be leading. 18. z = 32  42 = 5

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 ALTERNATING CURRENT

V2  2 40(12.5)
 1 = = = 2.5 A
V1 40  5

19. n1 V1 5 V1
[    ].
n 2 V2 1 40
22. It is apparent from the graph that emf attains its maxi-
mum value before the current does, therefore current
lags behind emf in the circuit. Nature of the circuit is
inductive.
Value of power factor cos  increases by either
decreasing L increasing C.
23. Since the circuit is at resonance so current in the circuit
V 200 is in the phase with applied voltage.
R = = = 2A
R 100 Voltage across inductor leads the current by /2 and
across a capacitor lags by / 2. So the voltage across
V 200 resistance is lagging by 90° than the voltage across ca-
 ‘ = = = 2A pacitor.
XL  XC 100
24. V1 = V2  xL = xC
=  R 2  2 = 2 2 Amp.
1
 f = = 125 Hz
E rms 130 2 LC
20. i1rms  = = 10 A
X C2  R12 13 v0 200
0 = = ( X = 0  Z = R) = 2A
R 100
E rms V1 = V2 = XL = .(L)
i 2rms  = 13 A
X 2L  R 22 = 2 × 2 × 125 × 2/ = 1000 volt
i1 R1 25.  =  0 sin t
If i = im sin (t – )
i2
R2  1 
then vC =   i sin (t –  – /2)
 C  m
and vL = (L) im sin (t –  + /2).
So vC + vL + vR =  0 sin t
 0 + vR =  0 sin t  vR =  0 sin t
2
Power dissipated = i1rms R1  i 22rms R 2 = 102 × 5 + 132 × 6
1
L 
= 2
i1rms R1  i 22rms R 2 2
= 10 × 5 + 13 × 6 2
Also tan  =  C = 0,
R
= power delivered by battery
so i = im sin t
= 500 + 169 × 6 = 1514 watt
2
21. P = V  1  2
Hence answer is z =  L   R = R
For secondary :   C 
26. Statement–1 is true but Statement–2 is false
P2 500
V2 = = = 40 volts Bo th A.C. and D.C. pr oduce heat, which is
2 12.5
proportional to square of the current. The reversal of
For an ideal transformer (100% efficient) direction of current in A.C. is immaterial so far as
P input = P output production of heat is concerned.
27. Statement 1 is false because the given relation is true
 V1 1 = V22
if all voltages are instantaneous.

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PHYSICS FOR JEE MAINS & ADVANCED
28. In resonance condition when energy across capacitor 36. Current drawn is maximum at resonant angular
is maximum, energy stored in inductor is zero, vice frequency. Leq = 4 mH, Ceq = 10 F
versa is also true. Hence statement 1 is false. Leq = 4 mH, Ceq = 10 F
29. When current through inductor decreases, the magnetic 1
energy stored in inductor decreases and this energy is =
= 5000 rad/s
LC
absorbed by the ac source.
37. Ceq decreases thereby increasing resonant frequency.
30. (D) 31. (C) 32. (A)
100
33. to 35. : When connected with the DC source 38. At resonance irms = = 1A
100
12 Power supplied = Vrms Irms cos 
R= =3
4 (= 0 at resonance = 0) P = 100 W
V
When connected to ac source  = 1
Z 39. Average energy stored = Li2rms
2
12
 2.4 =  L = 0.08 H 1
32  2 L2 = (2.4 × 10–3 H) . (1 A)2 = 1.2 mJ
2
2
Vrms 40. As 1µs time duration is very less than time period T
Using P = rms Vrms cos  = cos 
Z at resonance, thermal energy produced is not possible
to calculate without information about start of the
2
Vrms R given time duration.
= = 24 W
2 1 2 i0
R  ( L – ) 41. (A) For sinusoidal curve irms =
C
2
33. Let at an instant vR = (VR)msin (t +  ) i0
(A) sine irms =
vR = (VR)m sin(t +  ) 2
 2 = 4 sin(t +  ) T T/4
2 2
sin (t + ) = ½  i dt 4 i dt
 t +  = 30°. (B) i 2rms  0
 0

Since VL is 90° ahead of VR T T

vL = (VL)m sin (t +  + 90 ) T/4 T/4 2
2  i0 t 
 | (VL)m| = 3 cos 30° i dt   T / 4  dt
  i02
T/4
i02
0 0 2
=  = 3 
t dt 
34. From phasor diagram T T T 0 3
4 4  
4
(VS)m = (VR )m2  (VL )m2 = 5 volt.  irms =
i0
3
(VS)m = 2 2 For positive half cycle average current
(VR )m  (VL )m = 5 volt.

V ) 3 =
 i dt  ½ (i0 )(T / 2)  i0
tan  = L m    = 37° (T / 2) 2
VR ) m 4  dt
 | vS | = | (VS)m sin (t + + 37°)| Full cycle average current is zero.
= 5 | sin (30° + 37°)| = 5 sin 67º (C) For positive half cycle average current
1/2
35. From phasor diagram it is  T/2 2 
clear that instantaneous   i dt 
current will decrease or
=
 i dt  i0 (T / 2)  i  irms

 0

= i0
T/ 2 
0
increases, we cannot say.  dt T / 2  
 
 

186
 ALTERNATING CURRENT
(D) For full cycle average current
1
Av. magnetic energy  L 2rms 
=
 i dt  i0 (T / 2)  0  i0 2 

 dt T 2 2  5  10  3
 L=  L= 1 henry
1/2 (.10) 2
 T/2 2 
  i dt 
  VR = rms.R VC = rms XC VL = rms × L
 irms  0 = i0
T/ 2 
  = (.10).300
 
  1 50
= (.10)  = (.10)  2  (1)
 50  
1/ C  2   .20 106
42. (a) tan  =  = , current leads source  
R 4
voltage because reactance is capacitive = VR = 30 V VC = 50 V VL = 10 V
(b) Pure inductive circuit  = /2 , current lags behind
50
source voltage because reactance is inductive rsm voltate of source Erms =
(c) as R = 0, tan  2
  /2 , current leads source voltage because  Erms = 35.36 V
reactance is capacitive Hence Erms  VR + VC + VL Erms < VR + VC + VL

L 
(d) tan  = = 1  = , current lags behind
R 4 46. (a) impedance of circuit = R 2  (XC  X L )2
source voltage because reactance is inductive
Z= 82  (8  2) 2 = 10
2
 (b) The current leads in phase by
 m sin tdt m  2  ( XC > XL )  = 37°
 
 1  cos 
 

0 
43. <i> = = =0 10 cos (100 t  37 )
2 2 i = = cos (100 t + 37°)
 Z


It can be seen graphically that the area of

i – t graph of one cycle is zero.
The instantaneous potential difference across A B is
 < i > in one cycle = 0. = m (XC – XL) cos (100t + 37° – 90°)
= 6 cos (100 t – 53°)
2

The instantaneous potential difference across A B is
2
sin 2 tdt half of source voltage.
 m m 2 m  6 cos (100  t – 53°) = 5 cos 100 t
0
44. irms = = =
2 2 2 1 24
 solving we get cos 100 t = =
1  (7 / 24) 2 25

2 1 
45. Av. electric field energy =  CV0  = 25 × 10–3 J 24 24
2   instantaneous potential difference = 5 × =
25 5
1 1 volts
 × c.2rms × 2 2 2
= 25 × 10–3 J  C = 20 F
2 2  c

187