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Folk Painting of India
Madhubani Painting
practised in the Mithai region of Bihar . Traditional done by Women.
No space is left in Madhubani Painting .
Mahasundari devi is the famous artist of the Madhubani Painting .
Patna Kalam
Kalighat Paintings
It originated in the Kalighat Kali Temple in Kolkata ( West bengal).
Warli Painting
The folk Paintings style belong to the warli tribe of Maharastra.
Pithara Painting
It is the folk painting of Rathvas and Bhilalas tribes of Gujrati.
Kalam Kari
Patachitra
The Painting based on Balram , Subhadra , Lord Jagannath (Odisha).
FAMOUS INDIAN ARTISTS AND THEIR PAINTINGS
Raja Ravi Varma -
Shakuntala , Arjuna and Subhadra .
Nihal Chand -
Bani Thani , Dipavalika .
Binod Bheari Mukherjee -
Villagers .
Syed Haider Raza -
Saurashtra .
Jamini Roy -
Krishna and Balarama , Mother and Child , Warrior King .
Arpita Singh -
Wish Dream .
Rabindranath Tagore -
Landscape , Dancing Women , Women's Face.
Abanindranath Tagore -
Bharat Mata , Ganesh Janani , Asoka;s Queen .
CALENDARS IN INDIA
In India , four type of calendars are followed -
Vikram Samvat ( Hindu lunar calendar )
- The Vikram Samvat is an historical calendar for the Hindus in
India .
- Vikram Samvat is an official calendar of the Nepal and is names
after the king Vikramaditya of Ujjain .
Saka Era
-The Saka Era was founded by Kanishka, the emperor of Kushana
Empire from the year 78 A.D.
-The Gazette of India uses this calendar along with the Gregorian
Calendar .
-The Saka calendar used as the official calendar in India. The Saka
Calendar consists of 365 days and 12 month ,
similar to the structure of the Gregorian calendar.
a Calendar
Hijr
- The Hijra calendar is an Islamic lunar calendar which consists of 12
lunar months and 355 days .
-The first day of the year in Hijra Calendar is observed on the first day
of Muharram ,which is the first month on the Islamic calendar .
Gregorian calendar
- Gregorian calendar was introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory and is
the most used calendar in the world .
- The Gregorian calendar was developed as a correction to the Julian
Calendar.
ARTS AND CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA -
Institutions Headquaters
Anthropological Survey of India. Kolkata
Victoria Memorial Hall Kolkata
Science City Kolkata
National Library of India Kolkata
Birla Industrial and Tech Museum Kolkata
Archaeological Survey of India New Delhi
Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts New Delhi
Lalit Kala Academy New Delhi
National Archives of India New Delhi
National School of Drama New Delhi
Sahitya Academy New Delhi
Sangeet Natak Academy New Delhi
National Book Trust New Delhi
Indian institute of Islamic New Delhi
National Gallery of Modern Art New Delhi
National handicrafts and handlooms Museum New Delhi
National Museum of India New Delhi
Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural New Delhi
Heritage.
TEMPLES IN INDIA
Indian temples can be classified into two broad order as -
1- Nagara (in North India).
2- Dravida (in South India).
Notes :-
Mandapa is the entrance to the temple .
Kalasha is the topmost point of the temple and seen in North Indian
Temples.
FAMOUS TEMPLES
Amarnath Temple ( Jammu & Kashmir )
Vaishno Devi Temple ( Jammu & Kashmir )
Golden Temple (Punjab )
Founded by the fourth Sikh guru Guru Ram Das
with the fifth Guru Arjan .
Akshardham Temple ( New Delhi )
Konark Sun Temple ( Konark , Odisha )
It is also know as the Black Pagoda Temple
Built by King Narasimhadeva and dedicated to sun God Surya.
Jagannath Temple ( Puri , Odisha )
Dedicated to Lord Jagannath ,
a form of lord Maha Vishnu.
Brihadeeswara Temple ( Thanjavur , Tamil Nadu )
Temple was built by Chola king Raja .
Siddhivinayak Temple ( Mumbai , Maharastra )
Dedicated to Lord Ganesha .
Somnath Temple ( Saurashtra , Gujrat )
Lingaraj Temple ( Bhubaneswar , Odisha )
Kamakhya Temple ( Assam )
Shirdi Sai Baba Temple ( Shirdi , Maharastra )
Dilwara Temples ( Mount Abu , Rajasthan )
Jains Temples.
Khajuraho Temples (Madhya Pradesh )
UNESCO World Heritage Site .
The Temple were patronized by Chandela King .
Tirupati Balaji Temple (Andhra Pradesh )
Dedicated to Lord Vishnu .
Virupaksha Temple ( Hampi Karnataka )
Lord Virupaksha , a form of Lord Shiva .
Meenakshi Temple ( Madurai , Tamil Nadu )
Temple is dedicated to Meenakshi , a form of Parvati.
Ramanathaswamy Temple ( Rameshwaram , Tamil Nadu )
Padmanabhaswamy Temple ( Thiruvananthapuran , Kerala )
It is Richest Temple in India dedicated to Lord Vishnu .
Dakshineswar Kali Temple (Kolkata , West Bengal )
Gomateshwara Bahubali Temple ( Karnataka)
Sabarimala Temple ( Pathanamthilla , Kerala )
Mahakaleshwar Temple ( Ujjain , Madhya Pradesh )
Kashi Vishwanath ( Varanasi , Uttar pradesh )
Badrinath Temple ( Uttarakhand )
Dedicated to Lord Vishnu .
Kedarnath , (Uttarakhand)
Kailasnath Temple ( Ellora , Maharastra )
Built by Rashtrakuta King Krishna .
Shore Temple ( Mahabalipuran , Tamil Nadu )
INDIAN LANGUAGES
The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution consists of 22 Language,
Originally , there were 14 languages in the 8th schedule .
The further language was added as later ;
1. Sindhi by 21 st amendment 1967.
2. Konkani , Manipuri and Nepali language by 71 st amendment ,
1992.
3. Bodo , Dogri , Santhali and Maithali by 92nd amendment , 2004.
CLASSICAL LANGUAGES
Tamil was the first Classical Language of India .
There are total 6 classical languages currently in India -
1- Tamil Nadu .
2- Sankrit .
3- Telegu .
4- Kannada .
5- Malayalam .
6- Odiya .
Tamil is the oldest Dravidian language .
The language spoken in Sikkim are Nepali , Hindi , Lepcha , Bhutani.
Official language of Nagaland is English .
The Oldest Indian Language is Tamil .
The official language of the Supreme Court and High Court is English .
AWARDS - INDIA
Civilian Awards
Bharat Award
- It is the highest civilian award of India . Instituted in 1954.
- The First recipients of the Bharat Ratna was C. Rajagopalachari ,
Sarvepali Radhakrishna and C. V. Raman.
- The number of Bharat Ratna is restricted to a maximum
of three nominees being awarded per year.
Padma Vibhushan
The Padma Vibhushan is the second highest civilian award of India ,
Proceeded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan instituted
in 1954.
Padma Bhushan
The Padma Bhushan is the third - highest civilian award of India ,
Instituted in 1954 .
Padma Shri
Padma Shri is the Fourth highest civilian award in the Republic of
India .
National Sports Awards
Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award
Previously known as Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna .
The Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna is the highest honour bestowed
To a sport person for his / her achievement in India .
The First recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award is
Vishwanathan Anand
Dhyan Chand Award
The award that is given to the sportspersons of India for their lifetime
achievement
In their respective field of sport.
Dronacharya Award
This award is given to coaches and sports teachers for producing great
skilled teams.
Arjuna Award
The Arjuna Award are given by the Ministry of youth Affairs and
sport .
LITERATURE AWARDS
1. Jyanpith awards .
2. Saraswati Samman .
3. Moorti Devi Awards .
4. Bihari Puraskar .
5. Sahitya Academy Awards .
Gallantry awards
1. Param vir chakra .
2. Maha vir chakra .
3. Vir chakra .
4. Ashoka chakra .
5. Kirti chakra .
6. Shaurya chakra .
