LOGIC

LOGICAL OPERATORS
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

It is not true that a good deed will give a bad result.

 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

It is not true that a good deed will give a bad result.

dependent clause

independent clause
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

A happy heart is a medicine and a sorrowful spirit

weakens the bones.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

A happy heart is a medicine and a sorrowful spirit

weakens the bones.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

Apartheid is only a thing of the past if and only if

dark colored people are treated the same way as
with fair colored race.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

Apartheid is only a thing of the past if and only if

dark colored people are treated the same way as
with fair colored race.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

Every person sides with God or one willingly chooses

evil.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

Every person sides with God or one willingly chooses

evil.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

If bullying introduces a not so good background of

the bully, then a psychosocial intervention should
be designed for these bullies.
 IDENTIFY THE CONJUNCTION/S USED:

If bullying introduces a not so good background of

the bully, then a psychosocial intervention should
be designed for these bullies.
 For

CONJUNCTIONS
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So
ANSWER:
NEGATION
The Negation of a proposition p is denoted by ~p which is read as
“not p”, and is defined through its truth table.
NEGATION
The Negation of a proposition p is denoted by ~p which is read as
“not p”, and is defined through its truth table.

State the negation of each of the following propositions.

p: Quality determines the price.

q: A learned is one who is educated.

r: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 is a cubic function.

CONJUNCTION
the Conjunction of the propositions p and q which is
denoted by 𝑝 ∧ 𝑞 and is read as “p and q”. It is defined through its
truth table
 CONJUNCTION
the Conjunction of the propositions p and q which is
denoted by “𝑝 ∧ 𝑞” and is read as “p and q”. It is defined through its truth table.
Let d and e be propositions.
d: Leniency is long-suffering.
e: Those who misunderstand it abuse it.
Express the conjunctions below in verbal sentences or in symbols.

𝑑∧𝑒
~𝑑 ∧ 𝑒
“Leniency is long suffering and it is not true that those who misunderstand it abuse it.”
 CONJUNCTION
the Conjunction of the propositions p and q which is
denoted by “𝑝 ∧ 𝑞” and is read as “p and q”. It is defined through its truth table.
Let d and e be propositions.
d: Leniency is long-suffering.
e: Those who misunderstand it abuse it.
Express the conjunctions below in verbal sentences or in symbols.

𝑑∧𝑒
Leniency is long-suffering and those who misunderstand it abuse it.
~𝑑 ∧ 𝑒
Leniency is not long-suffering and those who misunderstand it abuse it.

“Leniency is long suffering and it is not true that those who misunderstand it abuse it.”
𝑑 ∧ (~𝑒)
 DISJUNCTION
The Disjunction of propositions p and q is denoted by 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 which
read as “𝑝 𝑜𝑟 𝑞”, and defined through its truth table.

Propositions p and q are each called Disjunct. The disjunction 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 is false only when both
disjuncts p and q are false.
 DISJUNCTION
The Disjunction of propositions p and q is denoted by 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 which
read as “𝑝 𝑜𝑟 𝑞”, and defined through its truth table.
Let t, u and y be propositions.
t: He is an old soul.
u: Old songs soothe his ears.
y: Old fashion is inviting to his eyes.
Express the disjunctions below in verbal sentences or in symbols.

“Either he is an old soul or old songs soothe his ears and old fashion is inviting to his eyes.”
 DISJUNCTION
The Disjunction of propositions p and q is denoted by 𝑝 ∨ 𝑞 which
read as “𝑝 𝑜𝑟 𝑞”, and defined through its truth table.
Let t, u and y be propositions.
t: He is an old soul.
u: Old songs soothe his ears.
y: Old fashion is inviting to his eyes.
Express the disjunctions below in verbal sentences or in symbols.
Either he is not an old soul
Old songs soothe his and old songs do not
ears or old fashion is soothe his ears or old
inviting to his eyes. fashion is inviting to his
eyes.

“Either he is an old soul or old songs soothe his ears and old fashion is inviting to his eyes.”
 CONDITIONAL
A conditional statement is a statement that has a hypothesis (the "if"
part) and a conclusion (the "then" part). It's often written in the form:
“p q”

The only way a conditional statement is false is if the hypothesis is true, and the conclusion is false.
 CONDITIONAL
A conditional statement is a statement that has a hypothesis (the "if"
part) and a conclusion (the "then" part). It's often written in the form:
“p q”
Let x, y and z be propositions.
x: Dioxins are found almost everywhere.
y: Plastics, bleached paper, and most commodities contain the chemical dioxin.
z: Dioxins are a culprit to many diseases.
Express the conditionals below in verbal sentences or in symbols.

“If dioxins are a culprit to many diseases, then they are found almost everywhere
and plastics, bleached paper, and most commodities contain this chemical.”
 CONDITIONAL
A conditional statement is a statement that has a hypothesis (the "if"
part) and a conclusion (the "then" part). It's often written in the form:
“p q”
Let x, y and z be propositions.
x: Dioxins are found almost everywhere.
y: Plastics, bleached paper, and most commodities contain the chemical dioxin.
z: Dioxins are a culprit to many diseases.
If plastics, bleached paper, and
Express the conditionals below in verbal sentences or in symbols.
most commodities do not contain
If dioxins are found almost the chemical dioxin, then it is not
true that dioxins are found almost
everywhere, then they are a
everywhere and it is not true that
culprit to many diseases. dioxins are a culprit to many
diseases.
“If dioxins are a culprit to many diseases, then they are found almost everywhere
and plastics, bleached paper, and most commodities contain this chemical.”
BICONDITIONAL
This is denoted by “𝑝 𝑞” or “p iff q” given propositions or Components
p and q and it is read as “p if and only if q”, and defined through its
truth table
BICONDITIONAL
This is denoted by “𝑝 𝑞” or “p iff q” given propositions or Components p and q
and it is read as “p if and only if q”, and defined through its truth table
Let g, h and i be propositions.
g: Only physically handicapped individuals can be called persons with disabilities.
h: Psychosocially disabled persons like those with chronic illnesses can also avail PWD ID.
i: There are numerous benefits that come along with owning a PWD ID.
j: Knowledge of the wide extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread.

“Knowledge of the wide extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread if and
only if not only physically handicapped individuals can be called persons with disabilities.”
 BICONDITIONAL
This is denoted by “𝑝 𝑞” or “p iff q” given propositions or Components p and q
and it is read as “p if and only if q”, and defined through its truth table
Let g, h and i be propositions.
g: Only physically handicapped individuals can be called persons with disabilities.
h: Psychosocially disabled persons like those with chronic illnesses can also avail PWD ID.
i: There are numerous benefits that come along with owning a PWD ID.
j: Knowledge of the wide extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread.

Not only physically handicapped individuals can be called persons with Only physically handicapped individuals can be called
disabilities if and only if psychosocially disabled persons like those with persons with disabilities and psychosocially disabled
chronic illnesses can also avail PWD ID, and if knowledge on the wide persons like those with chronic illnesses cannot avail PWD
extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread, then there ID if and only if it is not true that knowledge on the wide
are numerous benefits that come along with owning a PWD ID. extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread.

“Knowledge of the wide extent of the qualifications for PWD has yet to be spread if and
only if not only physically handicapped individuals can be called persons with disabilities.”
PERFORMANCE TASK 5
 https://forms.gle/VcusZ2g7poF9pfwc7
PERFORMANCE TASK 6

SCAN HERE!