si Wakil a kX FERY What is the Present Simple Tense? habits, unchanging situations, general truths, a, , actions happening now. The prese (for third person singular) by adding ‘The present simple tense is used to describe scheduled actions in the near future and, in some ¢ simple tense is formed by using the base form of the verb or sores to the base form. rRNA Te orf) akan 10. n be used in different situations. We use the present ‘As stated earlier, the present simple tense cau simple tense in the following instances. © When we talk about something that is true in the present live in Petaling Jaya. She is seventeen years old. They work at a restaurant. 1on listens to music every day, James travels to China every year. Kylie brushes her teeth after each meal, We often use tim i © expressions such as the following when we talk about habitual activities: Tea all the time always every class oft en every day/daily frequent! every holiday usuall " sual every hour/hourly moe every week/ weekly seld = eldor every month/monthly Bs i every year/ yearly /annually rarely me never Scanned with CamScanner_= fexamples: - (Fea elle Hekevecy Friday, sophia usually performs for charity Masnah attends conferences fre, os Joan usually eats porridge for Baek @ When we talk about general truths or sce — Texamples: — Kangaroos are marsupials, Itis very cold in the Arctic. The earth goes round the sun, @ when we talk about something that is fixed in the future — {Example 1 s Cy The new school year starts next month. ‘The bus leaves at 6.30 this evening. They fly to Jeju Island next Friday. @ When we talk about something in the future after time words like when, after and before and after if and unless — Examples: — I'll give this to Farah when I see her. You must clear the table before you wipe it. If the ladder falls, it'll hit us. She won't help us unless we pay her. 0 When summarising a book, film or play ae VExamples: Naoki Higashida Oe ee = 43-year-old boy with autism describes the thought Bee This is a book in which 2 19-7 ais, Naoki Higashida susie significantly wi and emotions that result in BI a Nhoughts onto a computer, which he finds fo t a a verbal communication. He prefers ype Bis him, This book is a vital resource for those be very useful for helping others wo wo sie on the lower end of the autism spectrum, who are seeking to understan Scanned with CamScannerrg Big Pree Perse t simple tense. We use the base form of the verb to form the present simp! je use the ‘Examples: Llive in Putrajaya. They go to school by bus. ies to the base form of the ye, put with the third person singular (she, he, i), we add ans, -¢s or ~i¢s a @ Ao regular verbs just add an - ——= She often travels to Indonesia. Sam likes cycling with his friends. -sh, ch, -x, and -o, add an -es He washes his hair every other day. She passes the plate of kuih to her brother. ‘Mother goes to work by car. The bird flies into the room. Arissa studies hard for the examination. Dees I Soran Ey Tama rich woman. he, she, it we, they, you Mustafa isa successful businessman. utter ‘They are early for the meeting. Scanned with CamScanneryr ; ks with pre ir ain the blanks wit fh present simple tense form of th . ¢ verb in brackets. ocelli 4 MB (teach) Spanish, 1 Noone like) the grumpy man t often ————— (rain) duri Oy (rain) during the evening. ‘The boys always i A (listen) to pop music. 5 jan (like) to drink lemonade very much. ¢ Emily —————— (go) to the library during weekends. 7 Jane never —————— (wear) dresses. She prefers jeans. lalways (walk) to the bus stop as it is near my house. (enjoy) a game of badminton every Sunday. 9 Pete and his sister (read) books but we are going to the cinema today. 30 We usually oa Filin the blanks with present simple tense form of the verb in brackets. 1 They (be) Frank's parents. 2 There ____— (be) sugar in the bowl. Le (be) from Cancun, Mexico. 4 The sand on the beach —————__ (be) white. (like) to be told what to do. 5 Noone _—_—__——_ (be) numerous. 7 Tom usually —————— (read) (be) a foreig? ang which is exchange student from Brazil. 81 famous for its hawker! food. ——— (live) in Pen t she acts like 10 She (be) six years old bu! 87 she’s a teenager Scanned with CamScannerPad Tf cache by using this 4 MN as erie formula: b negative a present simple ver s+ not + [base form of verb] 14 or doesn't instead of do not or does not. ais [to be] + not. You can make do/doe: You can also use ‘To make the verb to be negative the contraction don the formul: Look at the table below: ey cs a Negative form i Contraction | Example ‘ does not + base form He doesn’t i he, she, it doesn’t run Tun in nae = = the park every day. fo not + base form Fi I don’t walk 1 | ofthe verb dowtwatk | Madden OE they we do not + base form 4 They don’t beli wal ofthe verb cont vee lmat echt =a ‘Make negative sentences from the information given below. 1. My aunt cooks lunch. 2. The twins are ten years old. 3. She recites a poem. 4 I speak German. 5 Di i anny phones his mother every evening, 6 The cake is fresh, 7 The cat is sick. 8 The heavy rain causes lands! ides heavy rain causes landsli 8. Scanned with CamScanner| -popical fruits are expensive these days, yo My foer plays the accordion. sete words brackets to make negative sentences. 1 Kim ———————- (un) very fast. 3 They ———— (play) soccer at school. 3 Amy have) any hobbies. 4 The florist (deliver) flowers nationwide. 5 Meredith's brother _____ (work) in the town council. ¢ My grandmother ________— (water) the flowers every evening. 7 All the people in the office (work) very hard. § My parents (like) to go deep sea fishing. 9 1_—_—_ (speak) any other language except English. (use) several computer programmes for company administration. 10 She TRF Question Forms in PN a iu oben @ Action verbs Subject | Form Singular subject | does + subject + eg-he, she, it | base form verb eis Peas Does he practise | Yes, he does. football daily? No, he does not./ No, he doesn’t. jodles? | Yes, they do. No, they do not./ No, they don’t. Ren She plays the piano every evening because she enjoys it. ‘They wear strange clothes because they are going to ‘a costume party. do + subject + Do they eat nov Plural subject base form verb e.g. they, we, you Subject | Wh- cau Singular subject | Wh + does * subject + eg. he, she, it base form ve! y does she play the piano every thy do they wear strange clothes? Wh + do + subject * base form ver Plural subject €g, they, we, you 89 Scanned with CamScannerExample 0 Non-action verbs rs ewrmmme Petia ‘Yes, he is. Ets "subject +" Is he happy? No, he is not. / singular subject Is No, he isn’t. eg, he, she, t ee aaee| Yes, I 7 es, Lam. “Am + subject + ++ ‘Am I happy No, Lam not. ! No, I’m not. i 2 | Yes, they are. ‘Are they angry’ No, they are not. / Plural subject | Are subject * = No, they aren’t. | e.g. they, te, you TCL He is grumpy because he Aen elite Why is he grumpy? 4 hardly slept last night. tes Singular subject | Wh + is + subject + + eg, he, she, it Wh +am + subject + --- Why am I happy? Tam happy because I did) very well in the exam, Plural subject | Wh + are + subject + -.- Why are they They are hungry because| eg, they, we, you hungry? they had no breakfast. a= Complete the following dialogue with appropriate questions. Wialogue Jane and Mary are at a garden centre. Jane : (1) Mary : I want to buy some plants for my garden. Jane : (2) Mary : Yes, [like roses very much. : Jane : (G) ? Mary : Yes, it is difficult to grow rose bushes, ae Roses are susceptil ptible to a number of diseases and Jane : (4) ry + Well, ther eases like black spot and poy lery mildew, Mary : Well, there are diseases like bl k spot and powd wi ide r Jane : (5) Mary : We ca in use fungicides to control them fro XM spreadin, 8. Scanned with CamScannerre pisloste 2 gna Jonathan are at a mobile phone repair sh ir shop. :@ sam i tet 2 ; Tam here becau: A sonar se there is Something wrong with my ph my phone. Bee 2 : I think the batter re “er ty is dead. I dropped it in a puddle of water. jaan: (es, 1 did. I put it in a tub of rice to dry it out. , gmt @ jonathan : Hit can’t be repaired, Iwill have to buy a new phone. , gn 1 8) J jonathan : Tam not fussy. Any brand will do, BR ac ‘Asingular subject takes a singular verb and a plural subject takes a plural verb. Look at the examples below. Rita participates (cingular subject) | (singular verb) | a ow Rita and Karim participate in the show ‘Everyone Has Talent’. (plural subject) (plural verb) * When two or more subjects are linked by Either...or/ Neither...nor, the verb must agree with the subject before the verb. Look at the examples below. Either Karim or/ | Zainal teaches English. Neither Karim nor _| (singular subject) (singular verb) Either John or/ his sisters sing well. Neither John nor (plural subject) (plural verb) the singular form of the verb. anything anyone every nothing no one © these words are always used with everybody somebody _ nobody anybody _everyone Scanned with CamScannerey” nce. Complete the sentences. Some words can be used more than RUMI eee Coe anyening anyone every ae thing somebody _ nobody nothing no one each something, 1 loves Raymond. 2 house has a roof. 3 child has an ice cream. 4 Theard sneezing loudly. 5 likes a change in routine. 6 Weare all human. ___— is perfect. 7 Does_______ want to play football now? 8 _____is more valuable than family ties. 9 _____ wants a cold drink in this hot weather. 10 There's ____in the air tonight. I can sense it. 11_‘I wonder if ___________is at home since the house is so quiet. 12 Do you want ________ from the supermarket? I am going there now. @ Each of the following words is followed by a singular verb. One of the buttons on my shirt is missing, Everyone of the statements that he makes is a lie, © Each of the following words is followed by a plural verb, both of the all all of the Both of the scarves are mine, All plants need sunlight, All of the biscuits in the tin are gone, Scanned with CamScannerla r noun and a singular verb. =the water in the sea is salty arene oll in the jar has gone rancid when the word Here i used, always 0 isorare. ys look at the subject to determine whether you need to use There are three kittens (plural verb) (plural subject) in the box. | ere is a doctor (singular verb) (singular subject) in the house. | re are certain nouns which are plural in form but are singular in meaning. Mathematics | Physics ‘I 0 te [ Economics measles mumps ‘Measles is a sickness that can be prevented. Physics is a branch of science. Which sentence is correct? the dresses is ma re mat de of synthetic fibre. de of synthetic fibre. with fish curry: th fish curry. 1 A Every one of B Every one of the dresses 4 brothers enjoys e njoy ea 2A Either Ramli or his ating rice W B Either Ramli or his brothers ¢' ting rice wi 3A Sunblock lotion is essential for a trip *° the laa B Sunblock lotion are essential for 4 {TIP to the beach. dmaster are orgar ‘ master is organising the © nising the event. 4A The teacher or the hea went. B The teacher or the hea +3 BOE acation. 5 A Neither Susan nor James § going on ‘vacation B Neither Susan nor James ® ing 0 is section tions in this 9° section 6 A There are six ques th ‘ons in this B There is six questi 93 Scanned with CamScanner7 A Two of the gitls dislikes fried rice. B Two of the girls dislike fried rice. A Sports appeals to Oliver and Jane. B Sports appeal to Oliver and Jane. ‘A Both the kittens are black. B Both the kittens is black. © 40 A Only Shamsuddin cooks well. B Only Shamsuddin cook well. Fill in the blanks with the present simple tense of the verb in brackets. Murphy's law (1) ——______—_ (state) that “things will go wrong in any given situation, if you give them a chance”, or more commonly, “whatever can go wrong, will go { wrong”. Sod’s law (2) ______(go) one step further, “and usually at the worst time”. Murphy's law started at Edwards Air Force Base in 1949 at North Base. It was named after Capt Edward A. Murphy, an engineer working on Air Force Project MX981, which was created to see how much sudden deceleration a person can stand ina crash. Sod’s law (3). (is) known to have been derived, at least in part, from the colloquialism, an “unlucky sod”; a term for someone whom we 4) (feel) sorry for because he had undergone some bad experiences, Then we 6 " we ©) (have) Yhprum’s law which is the opposite of Murphy's law (Yhprum @______ (be); { hand, (7) = Murphy backwards), The simple formula of Yhprum’s law “By ing verything that can work, will work.” Sally’s law on the other ae : (be) that particular moment when everything falls into place. Laws aside, it is our response to situati ati J mood for the day, he ——————_ (determine) the Scanned with CamScanner- ox ie enrets Bean? and fill in the blanks. Use th ae the present simple tense. )UGHTS FOR THE DAY Love oe shakespeare wrote in The M lerchant of Venice, Act 2 “Love is bli , Act, scene 6, “Love is blind, and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit.” Partly to blame a y. are those ‘feel-good’ chemicals in our brains when we serene ay, @ al in oe that we tend to overlook or gloss over huge character flaws especially during the courting stage. We can be so blinded that we (2) —————_ torealise that only one party gives in or apologizes most of the time in the hope of making the relationship work. Surmounting lies and constant disagreements or shouting matches @———— tre relationship thin. To be expected to fix another person’s problems shifty grounds to build a ] most of the time and to listen all the time (4). { relationship on. On hindsight, most of us would agree that we have been there and done | that and now (6) ——————— alittle foolish. © onKindness Mark Twain said kindness is the language which the deaf can hear and the blind can If we (1). at the headlines of any newspaper, it is obvious that time to visit there is very little kindness left. . i Ww i ave coffee with her or no pacees OSA gement and lift someone up in Prayer couras | when we (3) a word of en Kindness is when we (2) concern over her welfare. Kindness is sir own ego, their own upbringing, their plinded by th ived superiority complex. If only we can be blinded by ying that ©) positive own culture or their own Pere | ood stuff like generosity eles fhiads oo UT TS Sas bere Scanned with CamScannercm Fill in the blanks. Use the present simpletens, han being blind is having sight but no vision, | is about seeing with the ( Helen Keller said that the only thing worse # a about having a dream and pursuing it. Iti what we want to do. The corporate world has personal vision that (3) {Vision (1) —————— mind’s eye and then we (2) vision statements and we should have our own | Vision is built on what we do and with whom we (4) —————— beyond surviving daily. above the mundane. Gossiping or idle us, . It is what we want to { do, become or accomplish. It (5) } An individual with vision (6) talk is simply a waste of time. It is interesting to note that those who (7). also hear a lot of gossip themselves because like minds congregate. There is this all too / familiar: Have you heard? This is usually accompanied by the right palm half covering the { { mouth so that whoever in the vicinity who is not supposed to hear it will not hear it. In some neighbourhoods especially it (8)____a favourite past time. } We(s)_________only limited waking hours so we should use them productively. } ( Then only can we (10)_____ what we have set out to do. cm Fill in the blanks. Use the present simple tense. Seafood lovers living near industrial sites (1) to reduce their shellfish consumption because of the risk of heavy metal poisoning. In some places there { (2) a high concentration of heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium, plumbum and mercury. Findings (3) \* that waters off industrial sites are at a higher } risk of heavy metal contamination. This situation indirectly (4)________to the contamination because shellfish seldom (6). in search of food. ° arch of food. There (6) man y long-term health conse i i quences of eat ted food from the sea. Heavy metal bioaccumulation (7) fede e a long time to be detected. ild- i ‘ { The uild-upfrom eating arsenic- or mercury-contaminated food can lead to various disorders, We (8) = i responal | shellish waters in ona sponsible for protecting and improving the quality of a ler to support shellfish life and growth, Pollution essential as such pro, : ram ofbivalve and gastropod mollnes Programmes (10) reduction programmes ch prog ———____ the aquatic habitat including oysters, mussels, cockle *s, scallops and clams. 96 Scanned with CamScanner-F em sean extract from a radic ote io talkshow, Fill in the Blanks, Use the s. Use the present simple tense. What is problem solving? why do we tend to se: . ‘arch for relief rather than for a solution? We (1) spe symptoms rather than the root of the ijese oF otherwise problem, The problem could be an actual physical} ake for example a he e adache. The first reaction would be to reach for a pill and» a that the pain wil fe 1 pain will go away, Nothing wrong with that except we do pot normally think of what caused the headache in the first place and try ¥0 prevent it from reoccurring. So we say we (3). + instead of an antidote for the source of the pain. On the other hand, looking for a solution to a problem (4) ike 2 F mechanic dealing with a rattling noise in the car. The mechanic will do a thorough check ) in order to find out what is causing the noise. ‘Then once it is fixed, the happy customer 6 tre with no worries. ifwecan do that with an inanimate object why can't we apply the same procedures when { dealing with 2 personal problem? { Fear could be one reason why We (6————— lrg ith the real issue. se we do not know what's on the other side, Even | xc the symptoms, the issue will ROE away until we We don’t want to unlock @ door becau: though we are running, around trying to a——_—_—— Sometimes a problem can be persistence. hat have not been resolved, just like the formation from the Arabic word meaning ‘hill’ oF mound’), } accumulated refuse of peopleliving f likea Finding the root cause (8) the result of many smaller problems t! a Tel, (derived of a Tel, In archaeology ()__ _an atti ssic Tel (10) on the same site for hundreds ing sides and can be up t? 30 metres high. pand slop! low, truncated cone with a fatto Scanned with CamScannerir Ise. Fill in the blanks. Use the present simple tense ee aie i i teri rh Marie Kondo is very much associated with declu The name act of decluttering and org: ffects that are totally unrelated to material ing and organising, anising (1) ————__ Its interesting to note that the et { about a whole host of really positive ¢! { possessions. .d, we are no longer swayed that we have what we need, When we (2) that bargain. We can walk away from tem a bigger house or a swimming pool. not | by that sal ptation. We (3). by that sale o1 bothered if the Smiths have a bigger cat, our clothes neatly ina visible way or (5) When we (4). 5 ur things in boxes, we know exactly what we have and there is no fear of buying something that we already have. It). about putting our house in order. Strangely enough Marie Kondo has received letters from her clients that they have { decided to give their marriage a second chance or have found the courage to walk out of a bad } relationship. On the surface, such decisions (7)_____ to be so far removed from { just folding clothes or discarding. However, the basic principles (8) the same. Itis all about choices and decision making. We choose to keep what sparks joy and we choose to let go of what doesn’t. We (9) the decision to discard stuff that we have not used for a long time or have become obsolete, Sentimental things are the hardest to let go, but it (10). easier through practice. Tidying (11), ahabit and once it is formed you just cannot stand mess. where everything is k ee ept and you (12)__— Ha habit to return anything that you have taken back to its original stati ion. An extra bonus is you know exactly 2 Decluttering and organising 19) sup the epiri scause everything is spick and span, there (14) Senin uiat { fact, we (15). calm and a sense of rest. In } ae ' that we are free to live our lives again, Scanned with CamScanner