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Whois and CDN

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2 views21 pages

Whois and CDN

Uploaded by

aligk650
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Whois

• The whois system contains records that provide information about the ownership
of domains and the owners themselves.
• The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) regulates
domain name registration and ownership, but the records are held by different
companies known as registries.
• A whois record includes contact information for the registrant (owner) and the
registrar (organization that registered the domain name), as well as the registration
date, last update, and expiration date.
Content Delivery Network (CDN)
• A content delivery network (CDN) is a geographically dispersed server network
that enables faster web performance by locating copies of web content closer to
end users or facilitating the delivery of dynamic content (for example, live video
feeds).
• CDNs have evolved to overcome the inherent limitations of the Internet in terms
of user perceived Quality of Service (QoS) when accessing Web content.
• They provide services that improve network performance by maximizing
bandwidth, improving accessibility, and maintaining correctness through content
replication.
Functionalities
• The typical functionalities of a CDN include:
• Request redirection and content delivery services, to direct a request to the
closest suitable CDN cache server using mechanisms to bypass congestion.
• Content outsourcing and distribution services, to replicate and/or cache content
from the origin server to distributed Web servers.
• Content negotiation services, to meet specific needs of each individual user (or
group of users).
• Management services, to manage the network components, to handle accounting,
and to monitor and report on content usage.
Source: Pathan, M.,
Buyya, R., & Vakali, A.
(2008). Content Delivery
Networks: State of the
Art, Insights, and
Imperatives.
Types of servers in CDN
• Origin servers
• Edge servers/surrogates
• DNS servers
Types of servers in CDN
• Origin servers
• Origin servers contain the original versions of content and they function as the
source of truth.
• Whenever content needs to be updated, changes are made on the origin server.
• An origin server may be owned and managed by a content provider or it may be
hosted on the infrastructure of a third-party cloud provider like Amazon’s AWS S3
or Google Cloud Storage.
Types of servers in CDN
• Edge servers / Surrogates
• Edge servers are located in multiple geographical locations around the world, also
called “points of presence” (PoPs).
• The edge servers within these PoPs cache content that is copied from origin
servers, and they are responsible for delivering that content to nearby users.
• When a user requests access to content on an origin server, they are redirected to a
cached copy of the content on an edge server that’s geographically close to them.
• When cached content is out of date, the edge server requests updated content from
the origin server.
• CDN edge servers are owned or managed by the CDN hosting provider.
Types of servers in CDN
• DNS servers
• Domain Name System (DNS) servers keep track of and supply IP addresses for
origin and edge servers.
• When a client sends a request to an origin server, DNS servers respond with the
name of a paired edge server from which the content can be served faster.
How does a CDN work?
• Content delivery networks (CDNs) work by establishing a point of presence
(POP) or a group of CDN edge servers at multiple geographical locations.
• This geographically distributed network works on the principles of caching,
dynamic acceleration, and edge logic computations.
How does a CDN work?
• Caching is the process of storing multiple copies of the same data for faster data
access. In computing, the principle of caching applies to all types of memory and
storage management.
• In CDN technology, the term refers to the process of storing static website content
on multiple servers in the network.
How does a CDN work?
• Caching in CDN works as follows:
• A geographically remote website visitor makes the first request for static web
content from your site.
• The request reaches your web application server or origin server.
• The origin server sends the response to the remote visitor. At the same time, it
also sends a copy of the response to the CDN POP geographically closest to
that visitor.
• The CDN POP server stores the copy as a cached file.
• The next time this visitor, or any other visitor in that location, makes the same
request, the caching server, not the origin server, sends the response.
• Top providers of CDNs and CDN-related solutions include:
• Akamai
• MaxCDN
• Incapsula
• Rackspace
• Cloudflare
• IBM
• Amazon Web Services (AWS)

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