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Introduction To Automation System

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Aliaa Tarek
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31 views

Introduction To Automation System

Uploaded by

Aliaa Tarek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 1

INTRODUCTION TO
AUTOMATION SYSTEM
General Objectives

⚫ Understand and learn about


automation control systems and
types of automation control systems.

⚫ Learn about the types of control


system pneumatic control systems,
hydraulic control systems and
electrical control system.
Introduction:
In today’s fast-moving, highly competitive
industrial world, a company must be flexible,
cost effective and efficient if it wishes to
survive.
This has resulted in a great demand for
industrial control systems / automation in order
to streamline operations in terms of speed,
reliability and product output. Automation
plays an increasingly important role in the world
economy and in daily experience
Automation
is the use of control systems and
information technologies to reduce the
need for human work in the production
of goods and services.
Automation greatly decreases the need
for human sensory and mental
requirements as well
What is Automation Control System?

Automation Control System - system that


is able to control a process with minimal
human assistance or without manual and
have the ability to initiate , adjust, action
show or measures the variables in the
process and stop the process in order to
obtain the desired output.
Objective of Automation Control System

⚫ The main objective of Automation


Control System used in the industry are:

➢ To increase productivity
➢ To improve quality of the product
➢ To Control production cost
Types Of Automation In The Industry

⚫ Classification of automation:

(A) Permanent/Fixed Automation

(B) Programmable /Flexible Automation


(A) Permanent/Fixed Automation

⚫ This control system is designed to


perform a specific task
⚫ Functions of control circuit is fixed and
permanent.
⚫ It will be complicated if we want to do
other task apart from the existing task
(B) Programmable /Flexible Automation

⚫ Programmable automation or flexible


automation is a complex control system
that can perform several tasks
⚫ Functions of control circuit programmed by
the user and can be modified.
⚫ When the task to be performed by
machines changed, changes only need to
be done by making modifications to the
machine control program
Comparison Between Fixed And Flexible
Automation System
There Are Three (3) Types Of The Control System
Based On Supply :

a) Pneumatic Control Systems

b) Hydraulic Control System

c) Electrical Control System


a) Pneumatic Control System

⚫ uses compressed air to produce power / energy


to perform any task

⚫ found in many industrial systems such as food


industry, petrochemical and industrial involves
robotics.
a) Pneumatic Control System

⚫ Pneumatic systems requires:


i. Compressed air supply
ii. Control valve
iii. Connecting tube
iv. Transducer
⚫ Pneumatic control system can be
controlled manually and automatically.
a) Pneumatic Control System
b) Hydraulic Control System

⚫ Is a system that uses fluid to generate


power/energy.
⚫ The hydraulic system used in the
automobile industry such as power
systems, braking systems, cranes, car jack,
satellite and others
⚫ The fluid used is oil.
b) Hydraulic Control System

⚫ The hydraulic system requires:


a) Hydraulic fluid supply
b) Control Valve
c) Cylinder

⚫ Hydraulic control system can be


controlled manually and automatically
b) Hydraulic Control System
c) Electrical Control System

A control system that uses an electric


current; either direct current (DC) or
current shuttle (AC) as a source of
supply.
c) Electrical Control System
⚫ Electrical Control Systems Generally
requires:

a) Electricity (DC) or (AC)


b) Input elements (switches, sensors,
transducer,, electronic components, etc.)
c) Output elements (motor, valves, lights, etc.)
d) Extension cable
Winding Layers

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