TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

AT

FEDERAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF NIGERIA AMINU KANO

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

BY

MUSTAPHA IBRAHIM
NAS/STE/21/1058

A TECHNICAL REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AL-QALAM
UNIVERSITY, KATSINA

IN PARTIAL FILFULLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD

OF BACH EL OR DEGREE OF SCIENCE (B.SC.SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING) AL-QALAM UNIVERSITY, KATSINA

NOVEMBER, 2024

i
 Certification

This training report has been read and approved as meeting requirement for the

award of the Bachelor Degree in Software Engineering (B.Sc Software Engineering)

of Al-Qalam University Katsina.

Mr Naniya Muhammad _____________________

(SIWES Supervisor) Sign/Date

Mr. Raji Abdullahi Egigogo _____________________

(SIWES Coordinator) Sign/Date

Dr Hamza Usman. _____________________

(Head of Department) Sign/Date

ii
 Dedication

This SIWES report is greatly dedicated to my beloved parents.

iii
 Abstract

This technical report presents the experience gained during my 6 months of industrial

training undertaken at Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria Aminu Kano International

Airport. My training was on caballing and CCTV camera Installation. I acquired

practical knowledge on how to install CCTV cameras. This report discusses the

technical skills gained during the training period and justifying the relevance of the

scheme in equipping students with needed technical competence to thrive in the real

world.

iv
 Acknowledgement

I want to start by thanking the Almighty Allah, merciful, Creator and Master of

Judgment who in His infinite mercy has given me the possibility to conduct this

industrial Training Fund. I would also like to acknowledge my entire family, relatives

and friends that have cheered me on during this Industrial training Fund. I could not

have done it without them. I equally appreciated the effort of the entire staff of

Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria Aminu Kano International Airport for their

support gave me throughout the duration of the SIWES.

v
 Table of contents
Cover Page- - - - - - - - - - i
Certification- - -- - - - - - - ii
Dedication- - - - - - - - - - iii
Abstract- - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement- - - - - - - - - v
Table of Contents- - - - - - - - - vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - 1
1.1 About SIWES- - - - - - - - - 1
1.2 Aim and Objectives- - - - - - - - 2
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - 3
2.1 Historical Background of the organization- - - - - 3
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - 4
3.1 Activities carried out during the period of IT- - - - - 4
CHAPTER FOUR
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS &
CONCLUSION
4.0 Introduction- - - - - - - - - 11
4.1 Problems encountered- - - - - - - - 11
4.2 Possible solution- - - - - - - - - 11
4.3 Summary- - - - - - - - - - 11
4.4 Recommendations- -- - - - - - - 12
4.5 Conclusion- - - - - - - - 12
References- - - - - - - - - - 14

vi
 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

This chapter as the first chapter of this report focuses its attention on clearly making the aim

and objectives of this training and the introduction of student ’ s industrial work experience

scheme known by the user of this report. This chapter indeed go further defined and briefly

make some emphasis on the history of SIWES.

1.1 About SIWES

The word "SIWES" stand for acronym 'student's industrial work experience scheme. The

Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is an accepted skills program which

forms part of the approved academic standards in the degree program for Nigerian

Universities. In 1947, the Federal Government of Nigeria introduced the national policy on

industrial training, called the Students Industrial work Experience Scheme (SIWES). This

program is under the umbrella of the Ministry of Education through the Industrial Training

Fund (ITF), was designed to help students acquire the necessary practical educational

experience in their fields of study and other related professions.

This is an effort which was created in order to bridge the existing gap between the theories

taught in the classrooms and practice of science, agriculture, medicine, engineering,

technology and other professional programs in the Nigerian tertiary institution. This program

is aimed at exposing the students to the use of various machine and equipment, professional

work methods and ways of safeguarding the work areas in industries as well as other

organizations and palatals. The program was established basically to impact, elaborate

practical understanding to students with respect to their various disciplines. It also intended

that the student through a process of relation to academic knowledge and practical industrial

application would understand the underlying principles and become better focused and

acquire the

1
The SIWES practical applications towards excellence in his or her discipline. Program

involves the student, universities and the industries. This training is funded by the Federal

Government of Nigeria and jointly coordinated by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) and the

National Universities Commission (NUC).

1.2 Aim and Objectives

To acquaint students with professional work methods obtainable in their various fields of

endeavors, thereby boosting skills and enhancing work experience.

Objectives of SIWES

i. To revive the urge and the need for research projects and findings in our

educational institution and in the mind of young students.

ii. To bridge the gap between theoretical and practical aspects of scientific findings

in our higher institution.

iii. To develop the skills of the students to exposing them to different methods and

techniques as well as their possible substitutes in working situation.

iv. It enables students to acquire technical skills and experience for professional

development in their study.

2
 CHAPTER TWO

2.0 Introduction

The chapter presents the historical background of the organizations, vision and mission and

the services offered by the organization.

2.1 Historical Background of the organization

The 1964 Civil Aviation Act saw the establishment of the legal framework for the regulation

of aviation in Nigeria, which placed all aspects of aviation under firm government control.

The statutory task of upgrading air transport infrastructure in the country to accommodate the

growing number of flights and ever-larger aircraft thus fell directly to the Nigerian

government.

In 1971 the Nigerian government appointed Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO) to

survey the existing international airports, prepare a master plan, and conduct feasibility and

economic impact studies for the upgrading of Lagos airport and 13 other airports in the

country. That was the start of the first wave of airport development that would take place

during the 1970s.

Figure 1: Map of the Attachment Area (Google Map)

2.2 Our Mandate

Federal Airports Authority of Nigeria (FAAN) as a public service organization statutorily

3
charged to manage all Commercial Airports in Nigeria and provide service to both passenger

and cargo airlines. Generally, to create conditions for the development in the most economic

and efficient manner of air transport and the services connected with it.

Our vision

To be amongst the best airport groups in the world.

Our mission

To develop and profitably manage customer-centric airport facilities for safe, secure and

efficient carriage of passengers and goods at world-class standards of quality.

4
 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction

This chapter discussed many activities carried out during the (SIWES) programme which

includes web design, networking, and other applications packages such as Microsoft Excel

and power point.

3.1 Activities carried out during the period of IT

3.1.1 CCTV Installation

During my stay at my IT place I was train on how to install CCTV cameras in the premises of

the offices.

1. Decide on the location and prepare the installation

Cameras should be aimed to capture the necessary area of view without focusing on bright

areas like windows, doors, or lights. Although adequate lighting is necessary, too much light

might diminish image quality. For this reason, the placement of your cameras and DVR is of

paramount importance when setting up a CCTV system. It helps to maximise your camera

coverage while also reducing cable length.

When deciding where to install your home or business security cameras indoors, look for a

spot from where you can see all potential entrance points. There also needs to be access to

electricity not far away. Pick locations that are high enough that the cameras won’t be readily

knocked down.

Get the camera in position, then mark your drilling spots with a reference point. Make pilot

holes and tap in the screw mouldings. Make sure the camera is securely fastened in place.

Plug the camera’s power cord into an outlet.

2. Run the cables to the camera sites

After you’ve drilled the necessary holes for the cameras, you can start running the cables to

them. To get cables where they need to go, you will have to make holes in the walls or

5
ceiling. Connectors for Ethernet cables are not always pre-installed, so you may need to

crimp some on yourself.

3. Connect the cables to the DVR

Establish a strategy for the routing of cables connecting the cameras to the DVR. A pre-

terminated cable should be connected from each camera’s location to the DVR’s control

point. It is recommended that the male power plug be situated on the side of the camera.

Power outlets are typically found on the side of control panels. Each camera’s black BNC

cable plug should be connected to the DVR’s corresponding video input socket.

Whether or not you choose to use a wall mount for the DVR box is up to you. Like wall

outlets and surge protectors, most will have mounting holes on the back. It can also be placed

on a flat surface like a desk or table.

4. Mount and install the cameras

First, attach the camera to the end of the cable that emerged from the opening. Then, shove

the surplus back into the opening. Get out your power drill and attach the camera to your

building using the included screws. After the camera has been installed, the adjustment

screws can be loosened to make quick, rough adjustments, and then tightened again once the

fine tuning is complete.

5. Switch on the power

Connecting the cables to the DVR can begin once you have successfully routed the other end

of the cables throughout your home or business. Connect the external monitor, keyboard, and

mouse to the DVR box, with each cable going into its corresponding port. An external USB

drive can be kept permanently connected in case you ever need to transfer footage to it.

Important information to keep in mind is that the DVR and the cameras share a common

power source. Connect the DVR, monitor, and camera to the mains electricity.

6
6. Set-up the DVR

The completion of this step concludes the CCTV installation process. To finish setting up

your DVR, refer to the manual for further instructions. In some cases, the manual will instruct

you to install the hard disc before you can use it, while in others, the hard drive will already

be installed and you may get started right away.

Figure 1: CCTV Camera and Junction Box

Figure 2: CCTV camera with base ring

7
CCTV Camera Cabling

Cabling for a CCTV camera system involves several key steps to ensure a stable and efficient

connection between the cameras and the recording device (DVR/NVR). Here is a general

procedure for cabling a CCTV camera system:

1. Planning the Layout

 Camera Placement: Determine the locations where the cameras will be installed

(entry points, blind spots, high-traffic areas, etc.).

 Cable Pathways: Plan the path the cables will take from the camera locations to the

DVR/NVR. Avoid sharp bends, interference from other electrical cables, and

minimize cable exposure to the elements if outdoors.

 Power Supply: Identify where the power supply or Power over Ethernet (PoE) source

will be located.

2. Select the Appropriate Cables

 For Analog CCTV: Use RG59 coaxial cable (or RG6 for longer distances) for video

transmission, and 12V DC power cables for supplying power to cameras.

 For IP (Network) CCTV: Use Cat5e or Cat6 Ethernet cables for both video and

power if using Power over Ethernet (PoE) cameras. Otherwise, you’ll need separate

cables for power and data.

 Outdoor Installations: Use weatherproof cables (such as outdoor-rated coaxial or

Ethernet cables) to prevent degradation over time.

3. Measure and Cut the Cables

 Measure the distance from the camera installation point to the DVR/NVR or PoE

switch.

 Cut the cables slightly longer than needed to allow for proper connection and

movement.

8
4. Install the Cameras

 Mount the cameras in their predetermined locations. Use appropriate mounts and

brackets depending on the type of camera (dome, bullet, PTZ, etc.).

 Ensure that the cameras are secured and have a clear line of sight.

5. Run the Cables

 Start by running the cables from the camera location to the central hub (DVR/NVR).

 If you’re using coaxial cable, you’ll need to install BNC connectors at both ends

(camera and DVR).

 For Ethernet (IP) cameras, you will need to terminate both ends of the Ethernet cables

with RJ45 connectors, or directly plug them into a PoE-enabled switch or router.

6. Connect the Cables

 For Analog CCTV (Coaxial): Connect the BNC connectors to the camera and the

DVR. The power supply should be connected to the camera via the 12V DC power

cable.

 For IP CCTV (Ethernet): Connect the camera to the network using the Ethernet

cable. If using PoE, the camera should be connected to a PoE injector or switch that

will provide both power and data transmission.

7. Testing

 Power up the cameras and DVR/NVR system.

 Verify that each camera’s video feed is displaying properly on the monitor.

 Check the power to ensure each camera is receiving enough power.

8. Secure and Conceal the Cables

 Once the system is tested, secure the cables with cable clips or ties to prevent tripping

hazards and ensure a neat installation.

9
  Conceal the cables inside walls, ceilings, or conduits to protect them from damage

and improve aesthetics.

 For outdoor installations, ensure that cables are weatherproof and use conduit for

extra protection.

9. Final Checks and Configuration

 Double-check all connections and ensure that there are no loose wires or damaged

connections.

 Configure your DVR/NVR settings for recording schedules, motion detection, etc.

 Make sure remote viewing options (via app or web browser) are properly set up if

necessary.

10. Maintain and Monitor

 Regularly check the system for any signs of malfunction (e.g., image distortion,

power loss).

 Clean the cameras periodically to maintain clear image quality.

This procedure provides a general guide, but specific steps may vary depending on the

equipment and type of installation you’re performing.

10
 CHAPTER FOUR
PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED, SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS &
CONCLUSION
4.0 Introduction

This chapter is based on the whole report as it glances contains the summary of the report,

conclusion and some recommendation I if carefully followed, would help find a lasting

solution of the problems presently affecting program in the country.

4.1 problems encountered

Some of the problems encountered during my stay at include:

 The organization Staff are sometimes too busy for us (IT Students)

 We were not given Internet Access Details, which could have been very important

to our learning.

 Difficulty in Transport as a result of non-payment of IT allowance by the Industrial

Training Fund (ITF)

4.2 possible solution

Based on what I experienced during my Industrial Training Fund, I hereby suggest the

following:

The organization should increase the time spent by students at the Industrial Training as

this will increase the things we will learn.

 Student should improve their relationship with the hosting staff of their various

places of Industrial Training as this will encourage the organizations to accept

more student next year.

 Industrial Training Fund (ITF) should be paying students IT allowances before or

during the activities (SIWES)

4.3 Summary

The technical report consists of four chapters; Chapter one contains the general introduction

11
about SIWES, background of study, brief history of SIWES and Aims and Objectives of

SIWES, Chapter two deals with the description and location of the attachment area (Federal

Airport Authority Of Nigeria Aminu Kano International Airport) and visions of the

establishment.

Chapter three contains all the activities and the procedures carried out in the attachment area,

and lastly chapter four contains the summary, conclusion and the recommendations of the

experiences gained at the attachment area.

4.4 Recommendations

In view of the relevance of the SIWES program, it is important that it is sustained by the

government through the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) as it exposes the student to work

tools, facilities, and equipment that may not be available in their respective institutions in

relation to their course of study.

To this end, it was recommended that the following under-listed points should be

implemented:

1- Students’ Industrial Works Experience Scheme (SIWES) needs to be strengthened by all

concerned stakeholder in order for its objectives to be fully realized.

2- Regular monthly allowances for students on attachment should be paid promptly.

3- Organizations should always accept students for SIWES and subsequently assign them to

relevant jobs.

4- Experience staff should always be made to train the students on attachment

5- There should be more funding of the scheme by the government in order for it to be more

effective.

6- The companies should put in place all the necessary facilities needed to enhance the

knowledge of the student in industrial attachment.

4.5 Conclusion

12
I thank God for seeing me through my Industrial work experience training successfully, I

really appreciate the efforts of my able SIWES coordinator and my SIWES Supervisor for

their numerous support and my friends for their prayers and financial supports, and the entire

staff.

13
References

14