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Incineration

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Rahul Mali
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11 views1 page

Incineration

Uploaded by

Rahul Mali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Incineration

Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of organic


substances contained in waste materials. Incineration and other high temperature waste
treatment systems are described as "thermal treatment". Incineration of waste materials
converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic
constituents of the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by
the flue gas. The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before
they are dispersed into the atmosphere. In some cases, the heat generated by incineration
can be used to generate electric power.

Incineration with energy recovery is one of several waste-to-energy (WtE) technologies


such as gasification, Plasma arc gasification, pyrolysis and anaerobic digestion.
Incineration may also be implemented without energy and materials recovery.

In several countries, there are still concerns from experts and local communities about the
environmental impact of incinerators. In some countries, incinerators built just a few
decades ago often did not include a materials separation to remove hazardous, bulky or
recyclable materials before combustion. These facilities tended to risk the health of the
plant workers and the local environment due to inadequate levels of gas cleaning and
combustion process control. Most of these facilities did not generate electricity.

Incinerators reduce the solid mass of the original waste by 80–85% and the volume
(already compressed somewhat in garbage trucks) by 95-96 %, depending on composition
and degree of recovery of materials such as metals from the ash for recycling. This means
that while incineration does not completely replace land filling, it significantly reduces the
necessary volume for disposal. Garbage trucks often reduce the volume of waste in a
built-in compressor before delivery to the incinerator. Alternatively, at landfills, the volume
of the uncompressed garbage can be reduced by approximately 70% by using a stationary
steel compressor, albeit with a significant energy cost. In many countries, simpler waste
compaction is a common practice for compaction at landfills.

Incineration has particularly strong benefits for the treatment of certain waste types in
niche areas such as clinical wastes and certain hazardous wastes where pathogens and
toxins can be destroyed by high temperatures. Examples include chemical multi-product
plants with diverse toxic or very toxic wastewater streams, which cannot be routed to a
conventional wastewater treatment plant.

In India the results of incineration are still not proven hence it is a least utilised process for
treatment of waste material.

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