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EA
Lockdown Period
Open Practice Test Series
(Also useful for ESE & Other Exams)
E

CE : CIVIL ENGINEERING
AD

Test No - 10 | Steel Structures

Read the following instructions carefully

1. This question paper contains 33 MCQ’s & NAQ’s. Bifurcation of the questions is given below:
M

2. Choose the closest numerical answer among the choices given.

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Multiple Choice Questions : Q.1 to Q.8 carry 1 mark each

Q.1 What should be maximum pitch in compression for a lap connection between plate 200ISF8 and plate
200ISF10?
(a) 128 mm (b) 200 mm
(c) 96 mm (d) 144 mm

1. (c)
Maximum pitch for lap connection = 12t or 200 mm [whenever is less]
= 12 × 8 = 96 mm [Lesser plate thickness will be considered]
or 200 mm
So, maximum pitch = 96 mm

Q.2 In a connection, strength of plate in yielding is 250 kN, and in tension is 260 kN. Plate is connected by

SY
4 bolts having bolt strength of 60 kN per bolt. What is the efficiency of the connection?
(a) 90% (b) 96%
(c) 10% (d) 104%

2. (b)

250 kN
Strength of plate min 
260 kN
= 250 kN
EA
Strength of bolts = 60 × 4 = 240 kN
Minimum strength of bolt
∴ η =
Strength of plate
240
= × 100 = 96%
250
E

Q.3 For the fillet weld of size 8 mm as shown in figure the effective throat thickness is
AD

75°
m
8m

Fillet weld
M

(a) 4.8 mm (b) 5.6 mm

(c) 6.9 mm (d) 8.4 mm

3. (b)
As per IS specification, k = 0.7 (for fusion angle ranging from 60° to 90°)
So throat thickness = 0.7 × 8 = 5.6 mm
Thus, take tt = 6 mm

Q.4 Spliting failure of a plate can be economically avoided by

(a) increasing thickness of plate (b) increasing diameter of bolt
(c) increasing end distance (d) increasing pitch distance

4. (c)
Splitting failure can be prevented by increasing end distance.

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Q.5 Block shear failure of a tension member is due to

1. Yielding of steel due to tension
2. Yielding of steel due to shear
3. Rupturing of steel due to tension
4. Rupturing of steel due to shear
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All of these

5. (d)

Q.6 Web crippling failure of beam is observed due to

(a) excessive shear (b) excessive bending compression
(c) excessive bearing stress (d) diagonal compression

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6. (c)

Q.7 For the calculation of design wind speed, k1 factor is called

(a) Risk factor (b) Terrain, height factor
(c) Topography factor (d) Importance factor

7. (a)
EA
k1 = Risk or probability factor
k2 = Terrain, height and structure size factor
k3 = Topography factor

Q.8 In the given figure, how many independent failure mechanisms are possible?
P
E

P
MP 2MP
AD

MP MP

L L L
2 2 2
M

(a) 2 (b) 3
(c) 4 (d) None of these

8. (b)
Number of plastic hinge location, N = 6
Number of redundancy, r = 3
Number of independent mechanisms = 6 – 3 = 3

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Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 9 to Q. 16 carry 1 mark each

Q.9 A fillet welded joint of 8 mm size is shown in the figure. The permissible stress in the weld is 108 MPa. The
safe load that can be transmitted by the joint is ____________ kN.
250 mm

F 80 mm F

9. 350.78 (348 to 352)

Total weld length = 250 × 2 + 80 = 580 mm

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Strength of weld = 0.7 × 8 × 108 = 604.8 N/mm
Maximum load = 604.8 × 580
350.78 kN

Q.10 A tie member of effective length 6 m which remains ineffective during load reversal due to action of wind
should not have minimum radius of gyration less than ___________ mm.

10. 17.14 (17 to 17.3) EA

Maximum allowable slenderness ratio = 350
l
⇒ = 350
rmin
For l = 6000 mm

6000
rmin = = 17.14 mm
350
E

Q.11 A beam consists of an ISMB 600 along with 20 mm thick plates at top and bottom is subjected to a
Q.11
factored shear force of 450 kN. The design shear stress in the beam is _____________N/mm2.
AD

20 mm

tw = 12 mm
600 mm
M

11. 62.5 (62 to 63)

Area effective in resisting shear = 12 × 600
= 7200 mm2

450 × 1000
∴ τv = = 62.5 N/mm 2
7200
[Only web area of rolled steel beam remains effective in resisting shear]

Q.12 A column of 3 m length is effectively held-in position at one end and effectively restrained against rotation
at both ends. The radius of gyration of column is 50 mm. Slenderness ratio of column is ____________.

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12. 72 (71.99 to 72.01)

For column effectively held in position at one end and effectively restrained against rotation at both ends,
effective length is = 1.2 l
∴ leff = 1.2 × 3000
= 3600 mm

leff 3600
⇒ Slenderness ratio = = = 72
r 50

Q.13 A circular plate, 200 mm in diameter is welded to another plate by means of a 6 mm fillet weld as shown
in figure. The greatest twisting moment that can be resisted by the weld is __________ kNm.
Consider Fe410 grade steel with fy = 250 N/mm2 and γm w = 1.25

13. 49.97 (49.5 to 50.5)

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fu
Strength of weld, fs = × tt
3 × γ mw

410
= × 0.7 × 6 × 1
3 × 1.25
EA
= 795.36 N/mm

d
Torque resisted = fs × πd ×
2

200
= 795.36 × π × 200 ×
2
= 49.97 kNm
E

T
AD

200
mm
M

Q.14 For a rectangular beam, factor of safety is 1.5. If permissible stress is increased by 15% then new load
factor will be ________________.

14. 1.96 (1.9 to 2.0)

∵ Load factor = Factor of safety × Shape factor
When permissible stress is increased by 15%, FOS will reduce by
FOS 1.5
=
1.15 1.15

 1.5 
Load factor =   × 1.5 = 1.96
1.15 

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Q.15 A propped cantilever beam, which is supported at A and B is loaded with load of P kN. If plastic moment
capacity of the section is 60 kNm then reaction at support B will be ____________ kN.
Pu

3m C 2m
A B
MP = 60 kNm

15. 30 (29.99 to 30.01)

A B

MP MP MP
C
RB

SY
3m 2m

MP

C B
2m
Portion BC
RB

⇒ MP = 2 × RB
EA
⇒ 60 = 2 × RB
⇒ RB = 30 kN

Q.16 An ISA 250 × 150 × 15 is used as a tie member which is jointed with 20 mm gusset plate. The maximum
size of fillet weld can be used is ___________ mm.
E

16. 11 (11 to 11.5)

Considering rounded edge of angle (which will be governing)
3
× thickness of angle section at the toe
AD

Maximum size of weld =

4
3
× 15 = 11.25 mm
=
4
Maximum allowable size = 11.25
11 mm

Multiple Choice Questions : Q.17 to Q.24 carry 2 marks each

M

Q.1
Q.177 A 6 mm thick angle section is joined with 10 mm thick gusset plate. The angle is supporting a factor
load of 60 kN. If 16 mm bolts are used for connection then number of bolts required are
[Consider shank area and take fu = 400 N/mm2, kb = 1]
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 4

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17. (b)
Strength of bolt:
Since angle is jointed with gusset plate
∴ Bolt is in single shear
400 1 π
Strength of bolt in shear = 1× × × × 162 = 37.146 × 103 N = 37.146 kN
3 1.25 4
fu
Strength of bolt in bearing = 2.5k b × ×d ×t [Given kb = 1]
1.25
400
= 2.5 × 1 × × 16 × 6 = 76.8 × 103 N = 76.8 kN
1.25
∴ Strength of bolt = 37.146 kN

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60
∴ Number of bolts required = = 1.62
2
37.146

Q.18 A plate of size 190 × 6 mm is connected to a 10 mm thick gusset plate using M20 bolts. Net rupture tensile
strength of section is [Take fu = 410 N/mm2]
EA
35 mm

30 mm
190 mm

30 mm
T
30 mm
E
30 mm

35 mm
AD

30 40 40 40
mm mm mm mm

(a) 259 kN (b) 328 kN

(c) 219 kN (d) 276 kN
M

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18. (c)

1 2 3 35 mm

30 mm

190 mm
30 mm
T
30 mm

30 mm

1 2 3
35 mm

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30 40 40 40
mm mm mm mm

For 20 mm diameter bolt, diameter of bolt hole = 22 mm

Calculation of net area,
An (path 111) = (B – nd ) × t
EA
where, B = 190 mm, t = 6 mm
(190 – 3 × 22) × 6 = 744 mm2
 (40) 2 × 2 
An (path 1221) =  190 − 4 × 22 + × 6 = 772 mm 2
 4 × 30 

 4 × (40)2 
An (path 12321) and path (12121) =  190 − 5 × 22 + × 6 = 800 mm 2
 4 × 30 
∴ Amin = 744 mm2
E

0.9Anfu 0.9 × 410 × 744

∴ Net rupture strength = =
γ m1 1.25
AD

= 219628.8 N

219 kN

Q.19 Arrange the following sections in increasing order of shape factor.

1. I-section 2. Hollow tube section
3. Diamond section 4. Triangular section
5. H-section
M

(a) 1-2-5-3-4 (b) 1-5-2-3-4

(c) 1-5-2-4-3 (d) 1-3-5-4-2

19. (a)
Section SF

I-section 1.12

Hollow Tube Section 1.27

Diamond Section 2

Triangular Section 2.34

H-section 1.5

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Q.20 Two channel section ISMC 250 are used for builtup column. If the channels are placed back-to-back then
at what clear distance they should be placed to get optimum strength?
Section properties of ISMC 250 are:
A = 38.67 cm2, cyy = 2.30 cm
Ixx = 3816.8 cm4, Iyy = 219.1 cm4
(a) 5 cm (b) 8.6 cm
(c) 14.7 cm (d) 19.3 cm

20. (c)
y
2.30 cm 2.30 cm
cyy cyy

SY
x x

s
EA y

For optimum strength,

Ixx = Iyy (of section)
  s
2
⇒ 3816.8 × 2 = 219.1 + 38.67  2.30 +  ×2
  2 
E
⇒ s
14.7 cm

Q.21 Which of the following statements are CORRECT?

1. Splice plates are designed for yield strength of tension member.
AD

2. Use of lug angle increases strength of connection.

3. By providing proper edge and end distance shear failure of plate can be avoided.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3

21. (c)
M

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Q.22 Calculate the compressive force in the given section when section becomes a plastic hinge.
[Take fy = 250 N/mm2]
100 mm

40 mm

80 mm

30
mm

(a) 800 kN (b) 1600 kN

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(c) 2400 kN (d) 3200 kN

22. (a)
100 mm

40 mm y
EA 80 mm

30
mm

We know that in plastic condition neutral axis will be equal area axis
E

So,
Calculation of location of equal area axis
Total area of section, A = 40 × 100 + 80 × 30
AD

= 6400 mm2
A
∴ = 3200 mm2
2
Taking distance from top,
100 × y = 3200
⇒ y = 32 mm
M

This means, top 32 mm flange is in compression

∴ Compressive force = Area × Stress
= (32 × 100) × 250
= 800 kN

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Q.23 An I-section is subjected to compressive loads. Length of I-section is 6 m. It is effectively held in position
at both ends but free to rotate at ends. Properties of I-section are as given below
A = 8591 mm2, rxx = 149.3 mm, ryy = 53.4 mm
KL
100 110 120 130 140
r
fcd 80 72 64 57 45
What is design compressive strength of the section?
(a) 550.24 kN (b) 602.3 kN
(c) 790 kN (d) 811.12 kN

23. (b)
Effective length column = k l = 1 × 6 = 6 m [k = 1 since column is hinged at both the ends]

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kl 6 × 1000
∴ Slenderness ratio = = = 112.36
rmin 53.4
∴ Design compressive strength,

(112.36 − 110)
fcd = 72 − × (72 − 64)
(120 − 110)
EA
= 70.112 N/mm2
F = 70.112 × 8591 × 10–3 = 602.3 kN

Q.24 A rectangular beam is AB fixed at both ends and subjected to UDL of intensity w kN/m. Intensity of load
is increased such that plastic hinge forms at the ends. What is the total length of plastic zone?
w kN/m
A B
E

l
l l
(a) (b)
3 12
AD

l l
(c) (d)
16.94 8.33
M

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24. (d)
2 2
wl wl
12 12
A B

l
wl wl
2 2
2
wl 2
8 wl
24 X
+ My
2 – –
wl 2
wl
MP = MP =
12 12
x

SY
X
For rectangular section, shape factor is 1.5.
wl2 wl2  MP MP 
My = =  ∵ M y = S.F. = 1.5 
12 × 1.5 18  

wl 2 wl 2
∴ − Mx =
12 18
EA
wl 2 wl 2 wl 2
⇒ Mx = − = ...(i)
12 18 36
wlx w x 2
Also, Mx = − ...(ii)
2 2
By equation (i) and (ii), we get
E

wlx w x 2 wl 2
− =
2 2 36
l2
AD

⇒ x 2 − lx + = 0
18
∴ x1 = 0.94 l [Which is not possible]
and x2 = 0.05904 l
∴ x
0.06 l
Total length of plastic zone = 2x
= 2 × 0.06 l
M

= 0.12 l
l
=
8.33

Numerical Answer Type Questions : Q. 25 to Q. 33 carry 2 marks each

Q.25 A tie member of truss consists of double angle section of dimension 80 mm × 80 mm × 8 mm welded on
the opposite sides of a 12 mm thick gusset plate. The axial tension in the tie is 200 kN. The effective
length of 6 mm fillet weld required is ___________ mm. [Give fu = 410 N/mm2, γmw = 1.25]

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25. 126 (120 to 130)

Axial tension = 200 kN
Since, it is carried by two angles
So, tension carried by one angle = 100 kN
 410 × 0.7 × 6 
Strength of weld = 
  = 795.36 N/mm
3 × 1.25 

100 × 1000
∴ Length of weld required = = 125.73
126 mm
795.36

Q.26 A cantilever beam of length 2 m carries a factored load of 200 kN at the free end. Considering beam
section as plastic section, plastic section modulus of the beam required is ___________ cm3.
[Take fy = 250 MPa]

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26. 1760 (1759 to 1761)
Mu = WL = 200 × 2 = 400 kNm = MP
fy
MP = × Z P = 400 kNm
1.1
250
⇒ × Z P = 400 × 106

⇒
1.1
EA
ZP = 1.76 × 106 mm3
= 1760 cm3

Q.27 A continuous beam is loaded as shown in the figure below. Assuming plastic moment capacity of beam is
same throughout, collapse load of beam will be ____________ MP.
2Wu Wu
E
A B C D
2m E 2m 2m F 2m 4m
AD
M

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27. 0.75 (0.74 to 0.76)

For continuous beam individual mechanism will decide the failure load.
1. For span AB
2Wu

2m 2m MP
A
θ θ B

2θ

External work = 2Wu × 2θ = 4Wu θ

Internal work = MP (2θ) + MP θ = 3MP θ
∵ External work = Internal work
⇒ 4Wuθ = 3MPθ

SY
⇒ Wu = 0.75MP
2. For span BC
Wu

MP 2m 2 m MP
B
EA θ θ C

MP 2θ
F

External work = Wu × 2θ = 2Wuθ

Internal work = MP θ + MP ( 2θ ) + MP θ = 4MP θ
∵ External work = Internal work
⇒ 2Wuθ = 4MPθ
⇒ Wu = 2MPθ
E

So, collapse load will be the minimum of two values, i.e. 0.75 MP

Q.28 A portal frame is shown below. The collapse load for the portal frame by considering individual mechanisms
AD

only will be ____________ MP .

Wu

Wu B 2m E 2m C
2 2MP
M

MP
3m
2 MP

A D

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28. 2 (1.99 to 2.01)

Possible locations of plastic hinges are at A, B, C, D, E
Number of possible plastic hinges = 5
Degree of redundancy = 3
Number of possible mechanism = 5 – 3 = 2
(i) Sway mechanism

MP
Wu 2 MP
2
θ θ

SY
θ θ

MP
2

Wu 3Wu θ
External work = × 3θ =

Internal work =
MP
2
2
EA 2

(θ + θ ) + M P (θ + θ ) = 3M P θ
∴ External work = Internal work
3Wu θ
⇒ = 3MP θ
2
⇒ Wu = 2MP
2. Beam mechanism
E

Wu

MP 2m 2m (MP)
AD

2 θ θ

2θ
2MP
M

External work = Wu × 2 × θ = 2Wuθ

MP
Internal work = θ + 2M P × 2θ + M P θ = 5.5 M P θ
2
∴ External work = Internal work
⇒ 2Wuθ = 5.5 MPθ
⇒ Wu = 2.75 MP
So, Wu is 2MP

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Q.29 A symmetrical plate girder has 100 × 10 mm flange and 200 × 10 mm webplate. If a 100 × 10 mm
rectangular section is symmetrically cut out through neutral axis of web at some section then the ratio of
new bending strength to previous bending strength is ___________.

29. 0.971 (0.96 to 0.98)

We know,
f M
=
y I
I
∴ M ∝
y
100 mm 100 mm
10 mm 10 mm

SY
10 mm
200 mm

200 mm
100 mm

Old
EA New

 100 × 10 3  10 × 200 3
Now, Iold = 2 ×  + 100 × 10 × 105 2  +
 12  12

= 28.73 × 106 mm4

⇒ Inew = Iold – Iof removed portion
E

10 × 1003
Inew = 28.73 × 106 − = 27.9 × 106 mm4
12
M new 27.9 × 106
AD

∴ = = 0.971
M old 28.73 × 106
(110) ×
110

Q.30 The collapse load for cantilever as shown in figure below will be ____________ M P .
L
2Wu
M

B
C
MP
A 1.5 MP

L/2 L/2

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30. 0.75 (0.74 to 0.76)

Since section is non uniform at B. So plastic hinge can form at A and B
Case I: Plastic hinge at B
2W

MP θ
L
θ
2

L/2 L/2
External work = Internal work
∴ Force × Deflection = MP × θ

Lθ

SY
∴ 2W × = MPθ
2

MP
⇒ W = Wu =
L
Case II: Plastic hinge at A
2W

MP
EA
θ

L
External work = Internal work
⇒ 2WLθ = 1.5 MPθ
E

0.75M P
⇒ W = Wu =
L
AD

0.75M P
∴ Wu =
L

Q.31 The beam section has moment capacity of 100 kNm and carries a point load ‘P ’ at B as shown in figure.
At collapse, load ‘P ’ is ____________ kN.
P
M

A C
2m B 2m

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31. 150 (149.99 to 150.01)

Degree of static indeterminacy = 1
∴ Number of plastic hinges required for collapse = 1 + 1 = 2
At failure,
Plastic hinges form at A and B
Pu

MP 2m 2m
A C
θ θ

MP 2θ
B
External work = Pu × 2θ = 2Puθ
MP θ + MP × 2θ= 3MP θ

SY
Internal work =
External work = Internal work
⇒ 2Puθ = 3MP θ

3
⇒ Pu = × 100 = 150 kN
2
EA
Q.32 A 200 mm wide and 16 mm thick plate is to be connected with 8 mm fillet weld. The permissible stress in
plate and weld is 150 N/mm2 and 110 N/mm2 respectively. The connection is done as shown in figure. The
length L required to develop the full strength of bar is ____________ mm.

60 mm 100 mm

80 mm
E

60 mm

L
AD

32. 194.8 (192 to 196)

Strength of plate = 150 × 200 × 16 = 480000 N = 480 kN

480 × 1000
Length of weld required =
0.7 × 8 × 110
= 779.22 mm
780 mm
M

∴ Length of weld = 60 + 60 + 80 + L + L + 2 (L – 100) = 779.22

⇒ 200 + 4L – 200 = 779.22
⇒ L = 194.8 mm

Q.33 In the propped cantilever ABCD as shown below, collapse load is _________ M P , if the beam section is
L
uniform throughout.
4Wu 2Wu

MP B MP
A D
C
L/2 L/2 L/2

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33. 1 (0.99 to 1.01)

Possible number of plastic hinges, N = 3,
Degree of redundancy, r = 1
Number of independent mechanisms = 3 – 1 = 2
Case I:
End B is fixed and D is free, so a plastic hinge will form at B.
2Wu

B
A D
MP θ
L
External work = Internal work
L
⇒ 2Wu × θ = MPθ

SY
2
MP
⇒ Wu =
L
Case II: If plastic hinge forms at C, then load 2Wu will do negative work.
2Wu

A
EA 4Wu

MP B α=θ
D

MP
θ θ=α
∆
C
2θ
MP

L/2 L/2 L/2

L L
E

∵ θ = α
2 2
∴ θ = α
AD

L L L
External work = 4Wu θ − 2Wu × θ = 2Wu × θ = Wu Lθ
2 2 2

Internal work = M P θ + M P × 2θ = 3MPθ

∴ External work = Internal work
Wu Lθ = 3MPθ
M

3M P
Wu =
L
MP
So Wu will be
L

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