ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN AI & MACHINE LEARNING:

PRIVACY, BIAS, & DECISION – MAKING CONCERNS

Business Communication Presentation

INTRODUCTION
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is among the most disruptive technologies of the 21st century, allowing machines
to do tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI is everywhere now, from personal assistants like Siri
and Alexa to sophisticated systems powering innovations across healthcare, finance, transportation and
more. The worst problems arise from the strengths of AI: mountains and mountains of data, algorithms that
teach themselves to be better, and ultimate decision-making. For example, the demand for massive
datasets gives rise to privacy dilemmas, with personal data now being gathered and processed at levels we
have never experienced before — often without the knowledge or explicit consent of individuals. In
addition, AI decision-making processes can mirror or even amplify the biases that exist in society, and it
does not take a genius to realize the consequences are dire, such as making people vulnerable due to
unfair treatment in important domains of life like hiring practices, policing or credit approvals. Additionally,
the black-box nature of AI algorithms — it is hard, if not impossible, to know how the algorithm make its
decision and therefore challenging to challenge an answer — creates accountability and trust issues . These
dilemmas reflect the growing relevance of ethical guidelines as AI continues to seep into mainstream living
. It is necessary to strike a balance between technological innovation and ethical considerations in order to
harness AI's potential responsibly.
UNDERSTANDING AI & ML
◦ To understand AI or machine learning first we have to understand about the data science
because data science is an ocean and AI ,ML are the first ones who live in that ocean . Data
science a field that uses scientific method , algorithm and systems to extract insights from
data. Data science combines AI, machine learning ,math, statistics to uncover insights that
can guide decision making . So AI is basically a subset of data science . Let's understand what
AI is trying to do, it wants to mimic human intelligence . AI can recognize images and
translate spoken and written language; these are called language model . AI can learn and is
able to solve complex problems . All these things it does through an advanced algorithm (a
set of sequential steps , we break down the steps into smaller task).Machine learning is a
subset of subset so, it comes under AI. ML uses algorithm to analysis of large amount of data,
identify patterns and make predictions. To do that it uses various models not programming.
PRIVACY , BIAS & DECISION - MAKING
◦ Privacy : As AI depends on large data sets that sometimes also contain personal information, concerns
exist about the surveillance of people, unauthorized collection of sensitive data, and breaches. Without
proper regulations, technologies such as facial recognition and predictive analytics mean freedom for all
but the smallest minority and data security violations.
◦ Bias : Bias in AI systems: if the data used to train them contain bias, people will be disadvantaged by
algorithmic unfairness. As an illustration, biased hiring algorithms or in law enforcement or even in health
can harm marginalized communities disproportionately and institutionalize societal inequities .
◦ Decision-Making : The "black-box" nature of AI renders their decision-making operations opaque and
difficult to decipher. This opacity can result in unaccountable or poor outcomes, particularly in high-
stakes domains such as criminal justice or medical diagnoses. Answering these questions is important for
ethical AI.
ANALYZING THE IMPACT
◦ Privacy Violations : Unwanted data gathering and monitoring can lead to distrust and
violation of personal liberties . e.g., facial recognition technology (public space use)
◦ Social Inequalities : AI systems can worsen discrimination in hiring, policing and credit access
when the underlying algorithms are biased . For example: AI hiring tools that discriminate
against gender or ethnicity.
◦ Lack of Accountability : The use of opaque AI decision-making ("black-box systems")could
cause errors in critical domains such as healthcare or justice that cannot be challenged . For
instance: Wrong diagnoses from AI-based medical applications or mistaken arrests based on
erroneous AI assessments.
◦ Erosion of Trust : Improperly deployed AI can lead to a lack of trust in the public, causing this
technology to be less widely embraced along with its corresponding benefits.
SUGGESTING SOLUTIONS
◦ Privacy Protections : Enforce stringent data laws akin to GDPR, guaranteeing consent and
safeguarding privacy . Research on privacy-preserving technologies (e.g., federated learning)
◦ Bias Mitigation : During the training, utilize diverse and representative datasets . Audit
regularly to spot biases in algorithms and fix them when they occur .
◦ Enhancing Transparency : Create Explainable AI (XAI) which provides clear rationale for the
decisions made . Require disclosure on the working of algorithms in sensitive areas
◦ Accountability Mechanisms : Clearly delineate legal and ethical liability for AI-powered
decisions . Setting up independent oversight bodies to regulate the use of AI.
◦ Ethical AI Design : Encourage technologists, ethicists, and policymakers to collaborate using
local language Global frameworks and best practices for responsible AI development
CONCLUSION
◦ In conclusion, AI, like any modern trend, becomes a topic where people pick a side
and ridicule everyone who disagrees with them, even though the objective facts lie
somewhere in the middle. The ethical and social implications of AI are not
something to panic about, and nor should you be perfectly calm about them. The
bar for all soft skills is going to be set both higher and lower at the same time -
artists must work harder to create art that thrives in its originality, while a part of the
masses will always prefer AI generated, unoriginal work due to the freedom it gives
them. If there is anything you take away from this presentation, let it be this -
technology will never take your job. Only people who know how to use that
technology correctly will take your job. Thank you.