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Summarizing Report1690361895

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11 views

Summarizing Report1690361895

Uploaded by

swalih mohammed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Thus, hypothesis would mean a theory, which is not fully reasoned.

Hypotheses are a set of


suggested tentative solution of a research problem, which can be or may not be a real solution.
Research hypothesis differs from research question in that, hypothesis both indicate the question in
testable form and predict the nature of the answer. The task of the researcher in this case will be to
establish and test such hypothesis. Establishing a hypothesis should follow rules like: The variables
must be clearly specified and measurable by some techniques we know The relationship between
them must be stated precisely. Importance of Hypothesis A well-grounded hypothesis provides the
following advantages Represents specific objective, which determine the nature of the data needed to
test the proposition Offer basis for selecting the sample, the research procedure, and the statistical
analysis needed. Hypotheses should be clearly and precisely formulated Hypotheses should be
formulated in such way that, they can be tested or verified (should be testable) Hypothesis should
state explicitly the expected relationship between variables Hypotheses should be limited in scope.
Hypotheses of global significance are not usable as they are not specific and simple for testing and
drawing conclusions. In other words hypotheses should be grounded in a well-established facts,
theories or laws. The simple statement helps to gain the following advantages It becomes easily
understandable to others (readers) It become easily testable It provides a basis for a clear and easily
comprehended report at the completion of the study. The hypotheses selected should be amendable
to testing with in a reasonable time. Based on their formulation Null and alternate hypotheses Null
hypotheses Always predicts that there is no relationship between the variables being studied. Based
on direction Directional and non-directional Non directional hypothesis If the hypothesis simply
predicts that there will be a difference between the two groups. Directional hypothesis If the
hypothesis uses so called comparison terms such as greater, less, better or worse It is directional
because predict that there will be a difference between the two groups and specifies how the two
groups will differ E.g. a person whose attitude is positive towards studies is more likely to succeed
than one who do not Some examples of Hypothesis, Hypothesis: 1 Political participation Increases
With education Variable one (dependent variable.) relationship Variable two (independent variable)
Hypothesis: 2. Alienation increase with poverty Variable one Relation Variable two The result of
the hypothesis test is the substance of our conclusion and expressed as generalization. These
include the following Professional experience: One of the sources of problem for beginner researcher
is his own experience as a professional in a given field. A research problem can be derived from a
critical look into different theories. In other words application of some general principles involved in
different theories to specific situation makes an important starting point of research. All such change
brings about new problems for research. The following points may be considered in selecting a
research problem. The importance of the subject, the qualification and the training of researcher, the
cost, the time factor are the few points that must be considered in selecting a problem

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