SCIENCE TEST CONCEPTUAL (POSSIBLE

QUESTIONS THAT MAY COME)

Unit 1 (Possible Q/A)
Q1: What is a food chain? Explain thoroughly.
Answer: A food chain is a diagram of a set of living organisms that
represents the transfer of energy from one organism to another. It
starts off with a producer, a living organism which uses the sun’s
energy to produce food for itself (mostly plants), and goes on with
consumers, living organisms that consume producers (herbivores)
and consumers that consume other consumers (carnivores).
Q2: Name the process in which plants produce food.
Answer: Photosynthesis is the process in which plants produce food.
It is when the plant traps sunlight in it, with the help of chlorophyll
and the plant absorbs Carbon-dioxide and water. The carbon-dioxide
and water react together in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll,
which then produces Oxygen and glucose (a sugary substance)
which releases the energy from the reaction and the plant stores this
energy.
Q3: What does ‘Photosynthesis’ mean?
Answer: ‘Photo’ means to do something with light and ‘synthesis’
means to make. So ‘photosynthesis’ means making with light.
Q4: What is biomass?
Answer: Material that is made from living cells and tissues. It is the
amount of matter made from living cells and tissues.
Q5: How is the water and Carbon-dioxide absorbed?
Answer: Water is absorbed by the roots in the soil and the carbon-
dioxide is absorbed by the lower epidermis of the leaf which contains
stomata (holes in the lower epidermis).
Q6: Why are leaves broad and thin?
Answer: Leaves have a larger surface area so that more light can be
absorbed, and leaves are thin so that there is maximum penetration
of light onto the cells of the leaf for efficient photosynthesizing.
Q7: What are the functions of the stalk and veins of the leaf?
Answer: The stalk attaches the leaf to the plant body and the veins
of the leaf help to transport the water to all the cells in the leaf.
Q8: What is the purpose of the waxy layer on the surface of the leaf?
Answer: The waxy layer on the surface of the leaf is there to prevent
the leaf from drying out.
Q9: What do the lower and upper epidermis do?
Answer: The upper and lower epidermis helps to protect the cells of
the leaf.
Q10: What is the function of the palisade layer and spongy layer in
the leaf?
Answer: The palisade layer is a layer of plant cells in a leaf that are
arranged in a proper manner, and they respectfully do most of the
photosynthesis. The spongy layer is a layer of plant cells that are not
arranged properly, and they have gaps in between each other and
this layer of cells do the least amount of photosynthesis.
Q11: What are the main functions of the roots?
Answer: The functions of the root are:
1. Anchorage of plants in the soil is one of the functions of the
roots. It provides stability and support to the upper plant body
as it firmly holds the plant in the soil. With their help, it is mildly
hard to pull the plant out of the soil.
2. The roots’ main function is the absorption of water and
nutrients in the soil. The roots have root hair cells which are
cells which have a long extension. These root hairs help to
absorb water and nutrients through the help of the extension.
They then transfer the water and nutrients to the stem, which
then transports them to the rest of the plant body.
3. Sometimes when the conditions are harsh, the plant lets its
upper plant body die but since the roots are in the soil, they
survive by storing food and water. Once the conditions get
better, the roots use their storage to help new sprouts emerge.
This depends on the root’s storage and its ability to help
sprouts regrow.
4. Some plants use their roots to store food.
Q12: Give a description of soil.
Answer: Soil is made up of tiny rock particles. There are tiny gaps
between the rock particles and mostly water is present in these
gaps. Minerals are dissolved in this water.
Q13: Do roots only grow in one direction-downwards? Or can they
grow in all directions?
Answer: Roots will only grow in one direction and that direction is
the one that gravity attracts the roots to. This means that roots,
however its seed is placed, the roots will grow downwards.
Q14: What are xylem vessels?
Answer: Xylem vessels are long hollow tubes in plants that are
spread throughout the whole plant body, similar to the blood
vessels in the human circulatory system. These xylem vessels
have one function, and that is to transport all the water and the
nutrients that are absorbed by the roots. They collect the water
and nutrients absorbed by the roots and transport it to the rest of
the plant body. The last destinations for xylem vessels are the
leaves, where the water and nutrients are used in photosynthesis.
The substances that are transported in xylem vessels have only
one way flow and these vessels have strong, hard walls to prevent
the nutrients from escaping. Xylem vessels are so minute that it
takes a powerful microscope to view how they look inside of a
plant. We can also see the pattern of xylem vessels on unpolished
wood.
Q15: What are phloem vessels?
Answer: Phloem vessels are also just like xylem vessels, but they
do not have such hard walls like Xylem vessels, and they have a
two-way flow. Phloem vessels are those vessels in the plant body
which are also spread throughout, and their function is to transport
the food produced by the leaves to the rest of the plant and its
final destinations are the roots.