TECHNOLOGY BASED ART

In the 21st century, technology has significantly impacted the creative and visual arts, with younger generations defining
art through technology, encompassing its creation, manipulation, reproduction, and distribution. Technology-based art,
often computer-generated and manipulated, relies on image manipulation programs and applications for both physical
and virtual media.

Computer or digital art emerged in the early 1960s, primarily driven by the advancing technology available at the time.
Initially, engineers and scientists, rather than traditional artists, explored artistic expression through scientific and
mathematical principles. This gave digital art a distinct scientific and mathematical character, often featuring geometric
forms and repeating patterns. While some questioned whether computer-generated art was "true art" due to its reliance
on electronic and mechanical devices, it eventually gained acceptance as a thought-provoking modern art form.

Prominent digital artists or "superstars" emerged in Europe, Russia, and the United States, and computer art exhibitions
gained popularity. Some digital artists used their works to express views on political, social, and cultural issues,
environmental concerns, or explore the philosophical relationship between science, technology, and the arts.

In the Philippines, technology's impact on art was more prominent in the commercial sector. From the 1960s to the
1990s, Filipino artists focused on creating computer-generated illustrations for international comic books, earning a
reputation for their talents. They also became sought-after animators for major film production companies in the United
States and animated television series worldwide. However, the concept of computer-generated art as a form of serious
artistic expression gained popularity among the younger generation of Filipino artists.

Today, established artists and critics in the Philippines accept digital works as fine art. Several museums and art
organizations, such as The Center for Art and Thought, Deviant Art, The Ateneo Art Gallery, and Yuchengco Museum,
showcase works by Philippine artists employing digital art techniques. Additionally, institutions like the First Academy of
Computer Arts, the Philippine Center for Creative Imaging (PCCI), and scholarships from the Animation Council of the
Philippines (ACPI) offer training courses in digital arts, providing career opportunities in advertising, animation design,
multimedia communication, and web development.

As computer technology has become ubiquitous in modern life, devices like desktop PCs, laptops, tablets, and
smartphones have made it possible for anyone to capture and edit images and videos, create, manipulate, and share art,
and even compose music, effectively turning anyone with a computer device into a digital artist. This democratization of
artistic tools and opportunities has led to a more inclusive digital art scene.
The use of mobile phones and computer-generated images has transformed the way people create and manipulate art.
Mobile phones have evolved into creative devices, enabling users to produce various forms of art, such as personal
photographs, videos, school projects, and more. Image editing and manipulation have become incredibly accessible
through mobile devices, particularly Android tablets, phones, and "phablets." These devices allow users to perform tasks
that were traditionally done manually by photo editors, such as cropping, retouching, and airbrushing, with the
convenience of a touch screen.

Several image manipulation programs and applications are available for Android devices, including Pixlr, Pic Collage,
Photo Grid, Doodle Booth, Photo Booth, Magic Mirror Booth, Pic Monkey, Flipagram, Picsart, Snapseed, and Instagram.
These tools offer a wide range of features for modifying images, including frames, filters, cropping, text, stickers, effects,
and the ability to simulate various artistic styles and media.

Furthermore, users can create original images from scratch using specialized programs designed for image generation
and manipulation, such as Adobe Illustrator and Corel Draw, which are typically used on desktop computers and laptops.
Some scaled-down versions of these programs are available for smaller devices like tablets and Android phones, making
it possible to perform similar tasks in a more portable format. Examples of such programs include Gimp, Paint.net,
Inkscape, Xara Extreme, Artweaver, Draw Plus, Pencil, Picasa, Paint Star, Smooth Draw, Spray, Karbon, Adobe Photoshop
Express, and Corel PaintShop Pro.

The proliferation of these tools has democratized artistic creation and made it accessible to a broader audience, allowing
anyone to become a digital artist using their mobile devices.

WRITTEN OUTPUT 1
1. How has technology impacted the creative and visual arts in the 21st century?
2. What does the term "technology-based art" refer to?
3. When did computer or digital art emerge, and what drove its development?
4. What were the initial characteristics of digital art, and how did it often appear?
5. How did the public initially react to computer-generated art, and how did this perception change over time?
6. How did digital artists in Europe, Russia, and the United States gain recognition?
7. What are some ways in which digital artists have used their works to express various themes and ideas?
8. In the Philippines, how did technology impact the art scene from the 1960s to the 1990s?
9. How has the younger generation of Filipino artists embraced digital art as a serious form of artistic expression?
10. What are some of the institutions and organizations in the Philippines that support digital art, and what
opportunities do they offer to aspiring artists?

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Digital photography has revolutionized the way images are captured and processed, allowing for immediate review and
manipulation of photographs. Unlike traditional film cameras, digital cameras and mobile devices with built-in cameras
record images as digital files, making the photography process more accessible and convenient.

The traditional process of using film cameras involved capturing images on light-sensitive film, which had to be processed
in a darkroom before the photographs could be seen. However, digital photography offers several advantages:

Point-and-shoot cameras: These digital cameras automatically adjust various settings, including lighting, focus, zoom, and
red-eye reduction. They also provide options for image enhancement, such as color and brightness adjustments,
sharpening, blurring, and creative effects like "fish eye" or colored tints. Users can instantly review and delete photos,
making it easy to capture high-quality images.

Digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras: DSLR cameras combine the features of point-and-shoot cameras with the
creative control of traditional single-lens reflex cameras. Photographers can customize camera settings to achieve specific
visual effects and artistic results. Some professional photographers still prefer film-based photography for its
authenticity, but digital photography offers convenience and quality for amateur photographers.

Tips for Taking Good Photographs:

Select a compelling location that enhances your photo's appeal.

Choose a background that is simple and uncluttered, keeping the focus on your subject.

Utilize natural light, preferably during the first hour after sunrise or the last hour before sunset.

Avoid shooting directly into the light source, as this can result in backlighting and loss of detail.

For posed shots, position your subject with regard to the location, background, and lighting source.

For candid shots, position yourself to capture interesting or emotional moments.

Take a variety of shots, including wide shots, medium-distance shots, and close-ups, to capture different perspectives
and details. Select the best photos from the various options.

WRITTEN OUTPUT 2
1. How has digital photography changed the way images are captured and processed compared to traditional film
cameras?
2. What are some advantages of using point-and-shoot digital cameras?
3. What is the difference between point-and-shoot digital cameras and digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras?
4. Why do some professional photographers still prefer film-based photography?
5. What are some tips for taking good photographs, as mentioned in the text?

VIDEO GAMES ART/ DIGITAL PAINTING

Video games have become a significant form of entertainment, covering a wide range of genres, subjects, and skill levels.
They include educational games, mind twisters, construction games, physical interaction games (sports, fitness, dance),
and strategy, war, science fiction, and mythical world games with complex and realistic graphics, motion, sound, and
special effects. Nowadays, enthusiasts can also become video game creators through online tutorials and downloadable
programs that do not require prior coding or web development knowledge. Examples of such programs are Twine,
Stencyl, and GameMaker.

Digital Painting involves creating artwork using a computer and is different from image generation and manipulation,
which take place entirely on digital devices. Digital painting can employ traditional painting mediums like acrylic paint,
oils, ink, and watercolor, but it uses computer software to control a robot device or office machine (e.g., plotter or
printer) to apply the pigment to traditional surfaces. It can also refer to a technique where the canvas, brushes, paints,
and tools are entirely virtual within a computer, and the finished work is stored digitally.

For video creation, digital technology enables the capture and editing of videos using tablets and Android phones. Users
can enhance and modify raw video clips with various effects depending on the specific video application installed on
their devices. Digital technology has also revolutionized social media by allowing users to create and share videos, from
advertisements to personally produced content on platforms like YouTube.

In the fields of medicine and science, digital technology is used for imaging videos, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI), Computerized Tomography (CT scans), and ultrasound tests (sonograms). These technologies are crucial for
diagnosing and treating diseases and injuries, observing the development of babies in the womb, inspecting internal
structures, and exploring outer space, underground, and deep in the ocean.

WITTEN OUTPUT 3
1. What are some of the diverse genres and types of video games mentioned in the text?
2. How can enthusiasts become video game creators, and what are some examples of programs that facilitate this?
3. How does digital painting differ from image generation and manipulation on digital devices?
4. What are the two methods of digital painting described in the text?
5 How has digital technology impacted video creation, and what are some platforms where users can share their videos?