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MODULE 1 Introduction To History

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Joann Co
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13 views23 pages

MODULE 1 Introduction To History

Uploaded by

Joann Co
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION

TO HISTORY
DEFINITION, ISSUES, SOURCES, AND METHODOLOGY
'Why are students
weak in Philippine
history and social
studies in general?'
PAST
vs.
HISTORY
PAST
having existed or taken place in a
period before the present (Merriam
Webster Dictionary)
the time before the present, and the
things that have happened
(collinsdictionary.com)
THE PAST

HISTORY
HISTORY
An interpretation, or rather a
process by the which people
interpret records left over from
the past.

It exists in:
Artifacts
Written accounts
Memory
ETYMOLOGY

What is the
significance of
being
inquisitive?

Ancient Greeks
historia meaning inquiry
To search for the truth -
history involves a closer
examination of a matter
in the search for true
information
(Critical/analytical
thinking and
evidence)
ETYMOLOGY

Does the absence of


written documents
about them mean that
they are people of no
history or past?

Age of Classics
historia meaning inquiry, investigation,
research of past events, writing of
history, historical narrative, recorded
knowledge of the past events, account,
No Document = No History
description
HISTORY
1 A continuous, systematic narrative of past events
relating to a particular people, country, period, person,
etc., usually written as a chronological account; or
chronicle. (dictionary.com)

2 A chronological record of significant events (such as


those affecting a nation or institution) often including an
explanation of their causes (Merriam Webster Dictionary)

3 The study of or a record of past events considered


together, especially events of a particular period, country,
or subject (dictionary.cambridge.org)
KASAYSAYAN

SALAYSAY + SAYSAY
Kasaysayan is a narrative (which can be
written, visual, oral, or a combination of all
three) about past events that have meaning
to a certain group of people in a given time
and place.
FRAMING PHILIPPINE HISTORY

PRE-COLONIAL SPANISH AMERICAN JAPANESE CONTEMPORARY


PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD PERIOD
Goal of Historian:
To reconstruct
the total past
of mankind.
Historical Knowledge is
Limited by
Incompleteness of
Records
Most human affairs happen without
leaving vestiges of records.
IF ONE DAY YOUR
BOYFRIEND/GIRLFRIEND
HAD AN ACCIDENT AND
LOST THEIR MEMORY,
HOW WOULD YOU MAKE
THEM REMEMBER YOU?
Historical Method

Historical method uses techniques


and guidelines by which a historian
uses primary sources and other
evidence to search and write
history.
METHOD OF HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

SELECTION OF COLLECTION OF EXAMINATION OF EXTRACTION


SUBJECT SOURCES GENUINESS FROM SOURCES
HISTORICAL SOURCES

PRIMARY SOURCE
is an eyewitness account of what occurred
and therefore dates back to the actual time
when the event took place.

SECONDARY SOURCE
is produced after the event has occurred
and therefore is not an eyewitness account
given by a person who was present when
the event occured.
HOW RELIABLE IS AN
EYEWITNESS TESTIMONY?
EYE-WITNESS TESTIMONY

The problem is clear: the unreliability of


eyewitness identification evidence poses one of
the most serious problems (i.e. criminal justice
and civil litigation)

Reconstructive Memory:
Information can be deleted or added every time
we remember an event.
HISTORICAL SOURCES

PRIMARY
SOURCES SECONDARY
SOURCES

•Created at the time of event


•First-hand information and original data
•Can include: •A summary or collection of existing data
-interviews, diaries, letters, journals, •One step removed from the original
speeches, autobiographies, articles with event•Will have a full citation of the original
original research, data, or new findings sources (bibliography)
-Government documents and public •Can include:
records -textbooks
-art, maps, photographs, films, and music -Review Articles
-artifacts, buildings, furniture, clothing -Biographies
-and more -Historical films, music, and art
-Articles about people from the past
-and more
OTHER EXAMPLES OF
PRIMARY SOURCES

PHOTOGRAPHS that may reflect social conditions of


historical realities and everyday life.

OLD SKETCHES and DRAWING that may indicate the


conditions of life of societies in the past.

OLD MAPS that may reveal how space and


geography were used to emphasize trade routes,
structural build-up.

CARTOONS for political expression or propaganda

Material evidence of the prehistoric past

ARCHAEOLOGICAL and ANTHROPOLOGICAL REMAINS

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