THE EFFECT OF INCREASING OF CRIME RATE

DUE OF INFLATION IN BARANGAY

BATASAN HILLS,

QUEZON CITY

A Thesis

Presented to the Faculty of

College of Criminal Justice Education

BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirement of the degree

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

By

BANGIT, JULIE ANN

MACAYSA, JOHN DELBER A.

MANIGOS, ABEGAIL JEAN S.

MONARES, MARICEL P.

TION, ALICETER JOYCE M.

S.Y. 2023
 CHAPTER I

This chapter contains Introduction, Statement of the Problem,

Hypothesis, Significance of the study, Conceptual Framework, and

Definition of terms.

Introduction

“Inflation is as violent as a mugger, as frightening as an armed

robber and as deadly as a hit man” - Ronald Reagan

The researchers will do this study to understand the connection of

inflation and crime. How does inflation lead to crime?. What is the

connection of inflation in crime?. With the increasing value of basic

needs, does crime increase?. Do unemployed people commit more crime

than employed people?

The researchers will also do this study to enlighten that inflation is

not a joke and it is a serious problem that must be solved as soon as

possible to lessen crime. That all things will be affected if the price of

goods are increasing and even fare.

The researchers also choose to conduct research in Barangay

Batasan Hills in Quezon City because this barangay is one of the largest

barangay among barangays in Quezon City.

 Today, inflation is not new in the ear of anybody. It is one of the

main problems of the government. Due to the fact that some of the people

engage in the wrong doing just to survive. People will risk their lives just

to provide for their needs each day. Due to inflation people are getting

hard to survive because of their needs that are hard to provide. As the

day goes by, the goods are increasing and are not affordable. Having a

hungry tummy and not comfortable shelter, people choose to be in

danger with easy money than to have work and clean money especially

those people who have no perseverance and lazy people. An

unemployed person that has no other option but to deal in crime

especially in robbing and stealing. People will find a new target to become

their victim than to find a target to have a new job. However, not all

people that commit crime are lazy but some of them are miserable to

provide money because of lack of financial support and the bills that need

to be paid such as hospital bills. And people who come in danger look to

have the easiest way to earn money.

As a researchers, this study will heart-fully understand each part of

this research to enlighten not only the researchers itself but to the

community and its surroundings. The inflation effect will be increased as

crime and it might result in poverty, lack of financial, struggling their

mental health just to escape their burden due to increasing the prices of
their needs. Some people choose to walk rather than ride a jeep or

tricycle and spend it on other needs. Inflation will lead to crime just to

meet the basic needs of amenities. As the fast of increasing the inflation

is the faster of people that engage in criminal things.

Background of the Study

Poverty is a common problem in each community,

especially in the Philippines. And with this inflation the people in Batasan

hills that line up in poverty find it hard to get their needs due to lack of

financial support. People in the community choose to engage in crime to

provide the needs of their family. Unemployment is also a problem of

each family that is hard to give the needs of their family. Some people

choose to have money in crime. Therefore, this research will find out how

to solve the crime rate and other effective things that will help the people

in the community to avoid the crime even if there is an inflation. The

researchers aim to help Barangay Batasan Hills to have an alternative

way to control the people in the community by engaging in crime.

The biggest population is the biggest crime rate because of having

a lot of people. Barangay Batasan Hills has one of the largest populations

among Barangay in Quezon City even just in district 2. According to

PhilAtas, the most biggest population is Barangay Commonwealth and

next is Barangay Batasan Hills which is composed of 166,572 people as

of 2020. The poverty was also big due to a lot of Filipinos residing in it.

And also the inflation in the Barangay is not easy, the fare is too high

compared to before and the daily needs such as their viand is hard to

provide. The inflation will start up and cause a lack of financial support.

The commodity prices in Barangay Batasan Hills are increasing.

Even the simple dish is hard to prepare at the table. The fare is also hard

to provide, so some people choose to walk rather than to ride just to save

a little amount of their peso. The goods are hard to provide. The inflation

is one of the struggles of the residents especially in Barangay Batasan

Hills in Quezon City. Crime rate will be connected to inflation to have

enough money to buy their needs and the daily amenities. People are

suffering from high prices due to the high value of their needs. The higher

the prices the more the residents suffer. Especially in Barangay Batasan

Hills because the prices in the market are double than in other regular

markets such as Commonwealth market/ Manggahan. Inflation is the one

of the enemy of the government that people are suffering to this.

Review Related Literature and Studies

Literature

Demographic profile of the respondents

Buitong et al., (2023) Through PRISMA or the Preferred

Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis, the study has

determined the number of variables affecting unemployment in the

Philippines, including education, geographic mismatch, mobility, inflation,

poor consumption overpopulation, slow economic growth, and the 1985

political shift. Factors including money supply, unemployment, and

exchange rate can influence inflation in the Philippines. The study has

also covered the inverse association between economic indicators and

the unemployment and inflation rates in the Philippines throughout the

country's seven presidential mandates from 1985 to 2022. Most of the

people who are committing crime are those people who are unemployed.

And this unemployment has a big role in crimes that are hard to provide

their needs. Unemployed people and inflation are connected to why crime

is born.

Aguimatang & Lorio (2022) that if the task and packages

affecting the importation, exportation, employment, manufacturing of

products and offering and different outside elements like protection and
order among others aren’t managed and maintained, drastic alternate

withinside the inflation price might also additionally follow. All things are

dependent on accountability in the market. And the more the supply is,

the lower the prices. And it is the basis of the inflation if it is needed either

increasing or decreasing.

Simon & Echter (2022) Inflation affects businesses, consumers,

and the state; indeed every social group. There are victims and profiteers

of inflation. Victims include holders of cash assets, savings accounts,

fixed incomes, and fixed-incomes securities, as well as creditors. Low-

income consumers and those with unavoidable expenses sush as

commuters are hit hard by inflation. In response, consumers adopt

evasive strategies. The scope for price increases varies accordingly. In

terms of their price behavior, consumers show an ambivalent reaction. On

the one hand, they pay more attention to prices in order to still buy

cheaply, so that price elasticity increases. On the other hand, constant

and high price changes disrupt the reference price system, so that prices

lose relevance. As a large debtor, the state benefits from inflation. This

also applies to sales and income tax revenues.

The roles of inflation to crime

Dinda & Kasnobis (2023). Crime rate declines with economic

growth, while it increases with financial development. Findings of fiscal

policy instruments are different. Own tax is positively associated with

property crime in India, while non-tax fiscal instruments such as fine,

penalty, and so on, are inversely related to it. Crime rate is inversely

related to institutional factors like charge sheet and conviction rate. This

study suggests that economic growth and fiscal instrument along with

institutional development are essential to control property crime in India.

Lopez (2023). If inflation were to rage at 9 percent (the estimate

for February), that is equivalent to P1.5 trillion being taken away from

your pockets for buying the same volume of goods and same quality of

services. So there Mr. President. The enemy is defined. It’s CCI- crime,

corruption, and inflation. Individually or together, all three have the

potential to bring down a sitting government, no matter how immensely

popular.

Barreda (2022). The low crime rate has been identified as a

predictor of a calm, orderly, and secure neighborhood. Furthermore, a

safe and secure environment is essential in encouraging investment and

economic progress in a country.

 Santos et al. (2021). Criminologists have long speculated that

economic conditions play a role in driving crime trends. Emerging

research finds that inflation rates are associated with crime rates both

within the United States and cross-nationally. Inflation is hypothesized to

increase crime by incentivizing illegal markets and organized criminal

activity and by reducing the legitimacy of social institutions. Finally,

contrary to expectation, we find that the inflation–homicide relationship is

most impactful in countries with higher levels of development. We discuss

these findings in the context of cross-national predictors of crime.

Crime that commit the most in terms of inflation

Raj & Rahman (2022). The economic theory of crime tends to

suggest that deterrence variables have a significant impact on crime rates

in a society. From an economic perspective, criminals are rational

economic agents who weigh the likelihood of being arrested and

apprehended before committing a crime. The crime is fuelled by inflation

by stealing goods to provide their needs. Inflation strengthens the to have

motive for the criminals to do their bad doings. The inflation increases and

the crime increases too.

Ways to prevent the crime due to inflation

 Rafique (2021). that there is a converse connection between

inflation and joblessness. In this research, study results show that there is

a positive relationship between unemployment and crime. As

unemployment increases the crime rate in that country also increases,

and then the matter of unemployment has to be resolved. The

government includes a vital role in dominant the speed of unemployment

among the youth. Trained young men ought to be actively engaged in

revenue-generating activities that can occupy them and, at an equivalent

time, give a supply of financial gain.

Ali (2019). The results show that unemployment and population

density have a positive impact on crime rate among the districts of

Punjab, Pakistan. The outcomes reveal that the amount of remittances,

industrialization and social infrastructure have a negative and significant

impact on crime rate among the districts of Punjab.This study

recommends that for reduction in crimes, the government of Punjab

should control unemployment and population density and the same time

enhance industrialization, social infrastructure with the amount of

remittances. On the basis of previous literature and our findings, it has

been concluded that unemployment is the mother of crime) .

McCuddy et. al (2019). Continued low inflation rates should

restrain future crime increases in many US cities. US monetary policy

should be evaluated with respect to its effect on crime. There is an

involvement in inflation and crime. The low crime is the lower inflation

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine The Effect of Increasing of Crime

Rate Due of Inflation in Barangay Batasan Hills in Quezon City.

Specifically, it seek to determine the following:

1. The demographic profile of the respondents are:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.4 Estimated Daily Budget

2. What is the role of inflation in crime?

3. In what crime do they commit the most in terms of inflation

4. What possible projects can be established to prevent crime?

Assumption

1. The connection of inflation and crime is when inflation is being abused

by a human there's a connection into a crime .

2. Inflation can cause a big impact to the community, in which rising

prices can be a loss for everyone. Higher food, gasoline and utility costs

mean less money for saving or discretionary spending.

3.One of the ways to prevent inflation is increasing taxes, which reduces

an individual's spending power. And also debt must be lower.

4. Every inmate always has a reason for doing that crime. Others did that

crime because of their daily needs.

Significance Of The Study

This study will benefit and will be support to the following:

Official Government

The researchers aims to have an idea and have alternative ways

to deal with inflation. If the inflation decreases then the crime rate will

decrease too. This research will help to be a guide for the Local

Government Unit (LGU) and utilize for having a safe community and
affordable stuff that his or her people needs. Especially those people who

are unemployed and have a record in any barangays or jails.

Law Enforcers

The researchers aims to enlighten the law enforcers on how

unsafe in their area. Therefore, this research will help them to do their

duty. This will benefit them to make strategies to have peace and order in

their area. Especially nowadays that the inflation is increasing so that the

criminals are active.

Prisoner/Inmate

The researchers aim to help the prisoner or inmate to seek another

opportunity such as a dissent job. The researchers wants to give an idea

to not deal again in this wrongdoing even how miserable their lives are.

Researchers aim to have a better life if they are released from prison.

Community

The researchers aim to have a safe in Barangay Batasan Hills in

Quezon City. The researchers wants to have an idea about cutting the

inflation to stop criminals thinking they have money.

Youth

The researchers aim to enlighten the youth to avoid the wrong

doings especially if they are dealing in the wrong organization. Youth will

benefit from this research by utilizing this study. Especially those youth

who are unable to work or those youth who find it hard to find a job and

make their own money.

Theoretical Framework

Built-on Economic Economic

Inflation Status Crime

Built-in inflation is the combination of demand-pull inflation and

cost-push inflation that some of the employees are starting to have an

additional in their salary. The supply is demand for goods but due to lack

of supply the business owner has no choice but to increase the goods to

not easily buy that might lead into zero stock.

Economic status will help the people in the community to survive

since the goods are increasing. Some businesses can not afford to have

an employee due to asking for an additional salary to have enough

money to buy necessary stuff and amenities.

 Economic CrimeTheory some people who are desperate to have

money immediately some people are going to danger. According to

Rubin, the economic theory of crime essentially argues that criminals

rationally maximize their own self-interest (utility) subject to the

constraints (prices, incomes) that they face in the marketplace and

elsewhere. Thus, the decision to become a criminal is in principle no

different from the decision to take up another occupation. The Theory

claims that crime rates will be negatively associated with opportunity cost

and with probability and severity of punishment and will be positively

associated with gains from criminal behavior.

Conceptual Framework

This conceptual framework wants to discuss what things and the

steps that the researchers does while doing this research. This includes

input, process and the outcome of this study.

The input will represent the demographic profile of the respondent

and the variables that cause the problem in this research. The process is

the method in how the data are collected and the analysis of the data by

using the said instrument. The outcome is the possible outcome in the

variables that could be.

 This framework is presented as the pattern of the study that

tackles the increasing crime rate due to inflation. This study is outlining

the variables and relationships that provide this appearance. In addition,

this concept is a method that future researchers and readers can fully

understand about the effect of increasing the crime rate due to inflation in

order to solve the problems in the study. Furthermore, it is also created to

diversely possess the study in a forthright manner and to easily determine

the focus of the research.

Input Process Output

1. Demographic -Data collection of

profile of the respondents profiles
respondents
-Researchers analyze
1.1 Age the data.

1.2 Gender -Analysis of data

through:
1.3. Civil Status
a. Questionnaire
2. Role of inflation
in crime.
3. In what crime do
they commit the
most in terms of
inflation
4. What possible
projects can be
established to
prevent crime?
Scope delimitation and limitation

This study is intent to have an idea about the connection of

inflation and crime rate. To what effect of the inflation within increasing

crime. The researchers will conduct this research in Barangay Batasan

Hills, Quezon City. And the respondents will be an inmate or prisoner that

is connected in crime that the inflation is involved. The researchers goal is

that this research will be completed within next year 2024. The

researchers will use narrative research under qualitative research.

Researchers will also utilize purposive sampling since this research will

accommodate only the respondents who will meet the criteria of the

researchers.

Definition of Terms

Amenities- It refers to a desirable or useful feature or facility of a building

or place.

Built-in Inflation- Refers to a type of inflation that results from past events

and persists in the present. Built-in inflation is one of three major

determinants of the current inflation rate. In Robert J. Gordon 's triangle

model of inflation, the current inflation rate equals the sum of demand-pull

inflation, cost-push inflation, and built-in inflation.

Crime Rate- It refers to the number of crimes that are committed during a

period of time in a particular place.

Community- It refers to a group of people with a common characteristic or

interest living together within a larger society.

Economic Crime Theory- It refers to several important implications for

research on the economic theory of policy toward crime.

Employed- Refers to provide with a job that pays wages or a salary.

Illegal- Refers to not according to or authorized by law.

Inflation- Refers to a continuing rise in the general price level usually

attributed to an increase in the volume of money and credit relative to

available goods and services. Inmate- Refers to a person who is deprived

of liberty against their will.

Unemployed- Refers to not engaged in a gainful occupation.

 Chapter II

METHOD

This chapter is the method that contains research design,

respondents of the study, sampling technique, instrument used, validation

and retrieval of the instrument, administration and retrieval of the

instrument and statistical treatment data.

Research Design

The researchers utilizes phenomenological research design.

Researchers help to understand the life experience and situation in terms

of inflation. A researchers will analyze the collected data from surveys

and its observations. Also, researchers will gather similar thoughts and

details through survey questionnaire. Thus, it will help the researchers to

answer the statement of the problem. It was sharing the individual

perspective about inflation and the connection in crimes.

Respondents of the Study

The researchers respondents are inmates of Station 6 in Barangay

Batasan Hills, Quezon City. A total of 20 respondents that includes 5

participants from inmates, 5 participants from barangay officials, 5

participants from law enforcers and 5 are from the community since they

are the ones who are pompous by the element mentioned.

Sampling Technique

The sampling technique utilized the purposive sampling technique

also called as judgemental sampling for the reason that the researchers

have criteria to their participants. Researchers will select the participants

based on their insight in participants whom they feel can provide the

information that is needed.

Instrument Used

The researchers was utilized to gather data by using survey

questionnaire and unstructured interview.

Survey Questionnaire

This is a hard copy of a question and this will be either printed or

handwritten that will be given to the participant to answer the following

questions. This is qualitative, the question itself is more an opinion and

not a set of choices.

Unstructured Interview

Even though it has a questionnaire, since it is an open-ended

question some of the interviews have a follow-up question. There are no

questions prepared and the questions given to the participant are

impromptu and nothing to be prepared.

Participants were free to express any opinions or ideas in

response to these open-ended questions that might not have been

covered by the prior inquiries. It provided them with a means of

participating in the study other than through a formal questionnaire.

Validation and Retrieval of the Instrument

The information that the researchers collected from the survey will

serve as a valuable resource to support the study on the relationship

between inflation and crime rate. To validate the questionnaire, the

researchers presented it to their respective research adviser to have an

advice on what needed to be done in research to make it correct and

concise.

Administration and Retrieval of the Instrument

The researchers asked permission to the head of station 6 batasan

hills Quezon city, to provide a questionnaire to the inmates of batasan

hills Quezon city because of their involvement in this study. The

researchers also provided questionnaires to the barangay officials , law

enforcement and to the community of batasan hills Quezon city for the

involvement of being the respondents. The researchers individually

disseminated the questionnaire to the respondents.Moreover the

researchers clarified to the respondents why the researchers conducted

this study. The researchers was able to conduct interviews to the

respondents. After all, the researchers collected all of the answers given

by the respondents.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data that gathered from respondents by utilizing survey

questionnaires are interpreted, analyzed, organized and tailed for the

purpose of reliability and accuracy of its research. The researchers used

statistical treatment of data tools such as Percentage for the profile of the

respondents and Ranking for the set of categories of insights.

Percentage- This percentage will be used to determine the demographic

profile of the respondents. It will determine the respondents to know also

his or her age, gender, and the civil status of the respondents. F is a

frequency or the actual number of the respondents divided by N sample

size of the total number of the respondents. After its division this will be
times by a hundred (a constant value in formula) and equal. Then, the

percentage will be given.

P = Percentage

N = Total number of respondents

F = Number of respondents

100 = Constant Value

The Formula:

F(Number of respondents)

P = __________X 100

N(Total number of respondents)

Ranking- The will be used for the set of categories of this research.

Since this is qualitative it is an open-ended question so that the

researchers will gather the same insights as one variable. It will be used

to assess the answers and the researchers will analyze it and evaluate.

RANK

1.- Variable

2. - Variable

3. – Variable
 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

DIRECTIONS: Please answer this honestly and correctly. Thank you

NAME: (OPTIONAL)

AGE: GENDER: CIVIL STATUS

Part I. Please check the following if you think you belong with. (Pakitsek

kung saan ka sa tingin mo nabibilang.)

1. Estimated Daily Budget. (Tanstahang pag-araw-araw na badyet.)

20-50 151-200

51-100 201- 250

101-150 251- above

2. What project could be establish about lack of financial capability in

terms of: (Anong proyekto ang sa tingin mong maaring ipalaganap

tungkol sa kakulangan sa:)

Debt(Utang)-

Mortgage/ Rent(Upa)-
 Hospital Bill Insurance Bills(Bayaran sa Hospital)-

Daily needs(araw-araw na pangangailangan)-

Electricity and Water Bills(Bayaran sa tubig at kuryente)

Educational Financial/ School Bills(Bayaran sa paaralan)-

Part 2. Please answer this correctly. (Pakisagot ng tama.)

1. Do you feel inflation? In what way? (Nararambaman mo ba ang

pagtaas ng bilihin? Sa paanong paraan?)

2. What is the hindrance to you in terms of inflation to buy other

stuffs? (Ano ang nagiging sagabal sa iyo ang pagtaas ng mga

bilihin para mabili ang mga iba pang kailangang bilin?)

3. What do you think is the effect of inflation in crime rate? (Sa tingin

mo ano ang epekto ng pagtaas ng bilihin sa pagtaas ng mga

krimen?)

4. How does inflation affect the community? (Paano nakakaapekto

ang inflation sa komunidad?)

5. Has the rising cost of living made you feel less safe and unsecure?

(Tingin mo ba hindi ka na ligtas lalo na ngayong mataas ang mga

bilihin?)

6. Have you noticed more crime in your barangay when prices go up?

(Napapansin mo bang may mga krimen sa inyong barangay

habang ang mga bilihin tumataas?)

7. Based on question number 6, if there is any, what crime is it. And

what do you think it does? (Base sa tanong 6, Kung mayroon man,

anong kriment ito at bakit kaya ito ang krimen?

8. What action do you think can be implemented to decrease crime

rates during times of uncertainty? ( Ano sa tingin mo ang maaring

ipatupad upang mapababa ang crime rate habang matataas pa

ang mga biihin?

9. If you don’t have any money, what will you do if you need to pay

something except to owe? (Kung wala kang pera, ano ang

gagawin mo para makabayad maliban sa pangungutang?)

10. What are the tools or assistance you think can be given from the

government to reduce crime during inflation? (Ano ang maaring

maitulong ng gobyerno upang mabawasan ang krimen habang

may inflation?)
11. What programs have been put in place to address issues

disencourage criminal activity? (Anong programa ang maaring

ipatupad upang hindi na gawing ng mga criminal ang masasamang

gawain?)

12. As Batasanians, How do community members help to prevent and

lessen crime? (Bilang taga-batasan, paano makakatulong ang

komunidad para maiwasan at mabawasan ang krimen?)

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