975 24

(ii) d(u, v) = 1 if u -::f:. v and d(u, v) = 0 if u = v Sr. No.

Unique 2272201102

Name of the Paper Basic· Mathematics for

Economic Analysis

Name of the Cour-se B.A. (Prog.) Economics

(Major) DSC-2

Semester I

Duration : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 90

1•

Instructions for Candidates

1. Write your Roll No. on the top immediately on receipt

of this question paper.

2. Answers may be written either in English or in Hindi

but the same medium should be used throughout the
paper.

3. There are three sections in this question paper.

Number of questions to be attempted from each
section is given at the beginning of each section.

4. Each question carries equal marks.

(500) P.T.O.
975 2 975 23

(b) Suppose u = (x 1, Y1 ) an d v = ( x2, y2 ) are two

arbitrary poi_nts in a vector space. Verify with the

l ~ ~-~ cfi ~ ifi ~ ~ lW·~ ~ 'tff a:rq;rr
help of an example if the following real v;lu~d
dijilitticfi ~ I .
functions are valid metrics.·
2. ~~-~cfiT~~1:ff.~~~\TIIW~~.~

~~cfiT~~ttiAr~• (i) d(u,v) = Max Ilx. - x2I, IY1 -Y2I}

3. ~~~~~fflf I ~-~~fcm~q@ffl'
(ii) d(u, v) = 1 if u =1= v and d(u, v) = O if u = v
ciit-mT~fflciit~3ffif~~l'ftt I
(5+5)

SECTION A (~ cJi) -1 0 0
2 -2 1 2
(Attempt any 4 questions out of 6)
0 1 0 1
0 0 2 1

("{<f) ~ ~ Ff;" u = (x" Y1) 3m v = (x2, Y2) l"cfi

1. (a) All functions are relations. Is this statement true •
or false? Explain. mirn ~ ~ ~ ~ -~ t1 ~ ~ ciit ~· ~

ffr41fqa ~ ~ ~ ql~'4cfi ~ ~ ~ ~
(b) Find the domain and range of the following
t1
functions and draw their graphs.

P.T.O.
 975 22
975 3
0.3 ~ <l1t 311q~4ifielf ~ t, 'lffl" ~ +11-f ~ rcli' ~.
w.r,; ~~~qif ~~~: x, y, ~ z
(i) g(x)=GJ
. t1 ~. ~ ~. w.R' ~ ~ ~ ~ cfi ~ <l1t

Mlfl1T 120 ~. 90- ~ ise ~t~~ 2

x -4
(ii) f(x)=-·-
x-2 (2+8)
tll{t1

("ifi) •~t~~~q,'t-~ (cti) ~ ~ (function) ~ OOT !1 ~ <16 ~ ~

t'41~?~~1
m ~ fcli' • ~mim • ~ m (ffi
~ ctt ~ lfJ1T "Jm ~ t ~ m), (~) At-1~~a ~ <fil
~ ~I
•~tr m~ ~~

('{cf) x, y, ~ z t ~ ~ ~ ctr "JWffi N '

clil~~I (i) g(x)=GJ

2
· x -4
13: (a) Write the echelon form of the following (ii) f(x)=-
x-2
matrix:

2. (a) Find the asymptotes of the function given below

1 .:.1 0 0
and show it graphically
2 · -2 1 2
0 l O 1 2
0 0 2 1 f(x)= 4x -3
2
2x -3x+l

P.T.O.
 975 21
975 4
(a) Write down the system of linear equations for the
(b) Check if the limit exists for the following functions :
. above economy such that each sector/industry is

in equilibrium (total demand of each output equals

. 8x3 -1
(1.) I1mI --
16X 4 -1
x➔- its supply).
2

(b) Solve the above system of linear equations for x,

2
. x +3x-4 (6+4) (3+7)
(ii) hm-2-- y, and z.
x➔I 2x -2x

~ ~ ~ w,; "3ffilT ~ t: ~ ~ "3ffill, ~ WA'

(Cfi) ~ ~ ~ '!fiWf cti'T 3f,l,df\l~4i ffl & 3tt{ ~
"3ffilT 3ft{ ~ ~ "3ffilll ~ ~ cti'T ~ cfiT ~ ..
~ <fi'f.lf~~I
~<fi~, ~ ~clil fflffl<fi~cti'T 0.3 ~.
(
f(x}== 4x2 _3
2x2-3x+l WA' ~ cti'T 0.2 ~ 3tt{ ~ ~ cti'T 0.4

~cti'T~mat!1wr-r~cti'T~~qif
~~<fi~,Wf.l"~clil~~cti'T0.5~,

3
fflffl<fi~cti'T 0.2 ~ 3ft{~~cti'T
r 8x -1
(i) III\ l·6X4 -1 0.2 ~cti'T ~mat%1 ~~cti'T~
x➔-
2

~ cfiT ~ ~ '1fi ~ ~ ~ cti'T 0.3 ~ .

. x2+3x-4 WA' ~ cti'T 0.3 ~ 3tt{ ffl ffl '1fi ~ c#a

(ii) hm-2--
x➔I 2x -2x

P.T.0.
975 20
975 5
12. An economy has three industries: an agricultural
3. (a) Suppose the demand and supply functions are as
industry, a mining industry, and a manufacturing
. given below:
industry. To produce one unit of agricultural output,

the agricultural sector requires 0.3 units of its own Qd == 86 - 0.8 p

output, 0.2 units of mining output and 0.4 units of

Q/' -10 + 0.2 P
manufacturing output. To produce one unit of mining

output, the mining sector requires 0.5 units of Find the equilibrium pries and quantity and show
it graphically.
agricultural output, 0.2 units of its own output and 0.2

units of manufacturing output. To produce one unit of

(b) Find the Marginal product (MP) and Average
manufacturing output requires 0.3 units of agricultural
Product (AP) of the following Total Product
output, 0.3 units of mining output and 0.3 units of
function:
its own output. Suppose also that total production

'of agricultural, mining and manufacturing industry Q == lOL + 20L2 - 0.60L3 (where, Q is the total

is x, y, and z, respectively. And, final demands of output level and L is the units of labor input) Also,

output of agricultural· sector, mining sector and find the value of L for which the first order

derivatives of the MP and AP are zero.

manufacturing sector are given as 120 units, 90 units

and 150 units. (5+5)

P.T.O.
 975 19
' 6 •,
975 ·(b) ls r(AB) = r(BA)? Why or Why not? (Note: A
. tqil ~ ·~ f<1i lli1T am. 4 lfiwf ~ ~ l1l< and B are a(bitrary. matrices conformable for
multiplication and r(AB) is the rank of the matrix ·
f:
., AB· and r(BA) is the rank of the matrix BA).
(7+3)

Qt -10 + 0.2 P ·
(<fi)

-:
t ~ 'ij\1t llRT tfi" ~, M ~ ctt t<fi ~

('lq) ~i.i!~Rcld ~~lfiwfcfiTN~ (MP)~

3mffi ~ (AP)$~:

3
Q = 101 + 2012 - 0.601
('(q) cF,1T r(AB) = r(BA) !? ~ 1lT ~ -rtl? (~: A
(~. Q ~-~~! am L ~ 3ffmfct\~
~ B 1J1l1l tfi" ~ ~ - ~ ! am r(AB)
!)~-ti', LcfilllR'$~~~ MP~
~ AB cfiT t<fi t am r(BA) ~ (BA) cfiT t<fi
AP"tfi"~alm~~fl
!1

P.T.0.
 975
18
975
(\<!) ~ ~ Ff> ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7.
t: 4. (~) Find the roots of the followi11g function of
price:
(i) f(xJ = /x - 2/ + I

f(P) = P2 + I OP - 24
(ii) h(x) =:Ji.;, if x ;t O

l1 ifx=o Also, make a graph of the above function, clearly

showing its roots.

SECTION C (~ 1T)
(b) Examine the convergence or divergence of the
(Attempt any 2 questions out of 3) following series :

2 3
""'. 4n -n
(i) 4..n=I ~

I 1. ( a) Determine the rank of the following matrix, for all

values oft:
""' n -2
(ii) 4..n=I
(5+5)

f(P) = P2 + I OP - 24
For what values of t will the matrix be
singular? ~ ;Jffifqr, - 1JiB.T cfiT ~ ~ 'ij ~ ~
~ s\7 rcli ~ (graph) ~,

P.r.o.
 17
975
·8 (b) Examine whether the following functions are
975
differentiable in their domai)l,

(i) f(x) = \x - 21' + 1

(10)

5. (a) Find the rank of the given matrix:

(cti) iii1 -~ fct q?IT FF{ ~ ~ ~ l\' ~

l l 2 ·3 J
A= 2_1 4
3 0 5
X2 if XS 0
(i) f(x) = Sx - 4 if O < x S 1
4x2 - 3x if 1 < x < 2
(b) Determine if the following sequences converge or
3x t 4if X ~ 2

diverge:

\x-9\
(ii) g(x)=~
x-9
(6+4)
(ii) S0 "' 2n + 3
P.T.0.
975 16
975
9

(i) y = 7x7 + x5 + 2x ·

(ii) y ,= -x4 3x ~ x > 0

A=r~3 0~ 5!)
-

~ ~ ~ lfiWf it~.~·~
ifiT - m, y it ~ ~ X ifiT ~ ~

(rcr) f.Mfffl ~ ~ q:qr. f.R • ~ i ~ -

!:

(-!Jn
JO. (a) Examine whether the following functions are
(i) S0 = ;
continuous in their domain :

(ii) S0 = 2n + 3
2
X if X :$ 0
(i) f(x) = Sx - 4 if O < x S 1 ·
6. (a) Write the given system of linear equations in a
2
4x - 3x if 1 < x < 2
matrix form and then solve for X" X and X by
3x +4if X ~ 2 2 3
finding the inverse of the coefficient matrix :

· /x-9/
(ii) g(x)=-
x-9

P.T.O.
 975 15
10
975 (b) Are the following functions strictly monotonic"-
(b) Solve the following system of linear equations using
(i) y = 7x7 + x5 + 2x
the Cramer's rule :

· (ii) y = -x4 - 3x where x > 0

x+y-z~6

3x - 2y + z = -5 For each strictly monotonic function, find the

(5+5) derivative of x with respect toy, using the inverse
X + 3y - 2z = 14
(7+3.)
function rule.

('<ii) ~~cttt11t~clil ~~l{~

3tt"{~~ ~cfil~mr~ XI' X2 3tt"{ ('<ii) ( i) ~ ~ ~ ~- ~ % ft 50 mlIT· ~ ~

x, clil 6M-: A clil ~ -~, 40 ~ 3Rqi1f{ B ~ ~.

35 ~ A ~ B ~ clil ~ ftlrr, ~ 10 ~

Am B m-ir cfiT ~ -!tr Ml • 11' ~

. _,

(ii) llR' ~ fcfi" a0, al' a2, ... ~ ~ ~

t\q) ~ ~ ~ cfil - ~ ~ ~ ctT
~ • qm ~ ~ mlT t, ~ ao < 0 ~
f.ts.lfRim ~ clil 6M - :
a.
I
== a ~ fffi' i == 1,2, ... , n, ~ n ~
x+y-z==6
~ t, (11 - ct) 3Ilffifcfi ~ ~ ~ ~
3x - 2y + z == -5
~ ~ mf ~I
X + 3y - 2z == 14
P,T.O.
 975 14
975 ll
(i) U-f q;r Wff6 ~ ~ 40 ffl, • ~ ~'
SECTION- B (~ 'ta')
~ ~ ~ ~ "ij'' ~ ~ t,
(Attempt any 3 questions out of 4)

(ii) 3fNi t ~ m- ~ 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 25 (4 rt ~-3 ffl' w "3rl( ~,J

ffl ctt u.mfflr cfiT Wff61

7. (a) There is an infinite series given by:

9.· (a) (i) A survey revealed that 50 people liked

newspaper A, 40 liked newspaper B, 35 liked 1+(;)+(;J +(;J + .

both A and B, and l 0 did not like either A or
Find the sum of the series for x = 2.5. Also check
-B. How many persons in all responded to the
if this· series converges.
survey?

(ii) Suppose a0, a" a2, ... represent the returns in · (b) Assume that three vectors { a, b, c} are linearly

successive years t<;> an investment project,

independent of each other m a vector space S,
where a0 < 0 and ai ='a for a; = 1,2,: .. , n, if show that
n is very large, find an approximate expression

for the internal rate of return. (i) the set (a + b, b + c, a + c] 1s linearly

independent.

P.T.O.
 975 13
975 12
8. (a) Solve for x:
(ii) the set {b, c} is linearly independent-
(6+4) (2X - 64)3 + 18 (2X ~ 64)2 = 0

(b) Calculate the present value of each cash flow

using a discounted rate of 7% per annum. Which

one should one prefer?

(i) Flow of funds Rs. 40 every month, forever,

first payment starting next month.

x·= 2.5 cfi ~ ~ cfiT <lt1T ~ ~1-"<.t6 ~ ~
(ii) Flow of funds Rs. 25 every month, for 6
~~~<-t6 ~ ~t, months, starting today. (4+6)

("~) ~~~ffl~ {a, b, c} ~~m S

~~mi~ ~i~ t, ~~ ·
c2x - 64)3 + 18 c2x - 64)2 = 0
(i) ~ (a+ b, b + c, a+ c] ~mi~
((9) ma~ 1% ctt ~ G{ cfiT ~ ~- ~ ~
t,
~ cfi ~ ~ ~ "lfURT ~I~~

(ii) ~ {b, c} ~mi~ tr ~~~?

P.T.0.·