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G8 History WS4-key

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10 views

G8 History WS4-key

Uploaded by

soo.patrick514
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Diocesan Boys’ School

G8 History
Worksheet 4: French Revolution

Name: ______________________________________ Class: _____ ( ___ ) Date: ________________, 2023


Sources A and B represent the interpretations of the French Revolution.

Source A: The following cartoon titled ‘infernal results of the ideals of the French Revolution’ shows
the legacy of the French Revolution.

The blood red cap of liberty…

… manufactured in 1789
and made red with blood in
1790-91-92-93.

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* ‘Liberty, equality and fraternity’: the motto of the French Republic
Source B: The following passage is a historian’s interpretation of the Reign of Terror.
The Reign of Terror was a necessary evil. After the execution of Louis XVI on the guillotine in January
1793, Britain allied with Austria and Prussia, and formed the First Coalition to attack France. France was
facing serious external threat as the coalition pushed into French territories. In the meantime,
counterrevolutionary uprisings took place in the western part of France…

The revolutionary government was a wartime government, because the revolution was a war of liberty
against its enemy. Wartime conditions demanded special measures and justified the use of coercion
against those who did not go along with, or even went against, the revolution.

a) How is the title ‘infernal results’ reflected in the cartoon? Explain your answer by giving two clues from
Source A.
Attitude: critical / negative
Clues: the banners ‘The blood red cap of liberty manufactured in 1789 and made red with blood in 1790-
91-92-93’ // ‘seizure of all property’ // ‘death to all who oppose’ // the skull on top of the flagpole // the
chaos in the background
‘The French revolutionary is portrayed as a devil’  not accepted (this only means the person is bad, but
it does not necessarily mean the result of the French Revolution is bad)
Example of a well-elaborated answer (which should contain both a clue and elaboration): ‘The devil-like
revolutionary is holding a bloody sword, which means / symbolises that the French revolutionaries killed
many people during the French Revolution.’

b) Why does the cartoonist say that the cap of liberty was ‘made red with blood in 1790-91-92-93’? Explain
your answer using your own knowledge on the historical development of France between 1790-93.
It was during those years when the French Revolutionary Wars and the Reign of Terror began. In the
former, French soldiers died defending the Revolution against invading foreign armies while in the latter,
people who were deemed counterrevolutionaries were executed in great numbers.

c) Why does the historian call the Reign of Terror ‘a necessary evil’? Explain your answer with reference to
Source B.
France was fighting against a war against the external enemies of Austria, Prussia and Britain while
having to deal with internal uprisings by counterrevolutionaries at the same time. With the grave danger
France faced, the Terror was an extraordinary measure to defend liberty.

d) Do the cartoonist of Source A and the historian of Source B share the same view on the French
Revolution? Explain your answer by giving two clues from EACH of the sources.
The cartoonist in Source A and the author in Source B share / do not share (circle the correct answer) the
same view on the French Revolution.
View of the cartoonist in Source A: The cartoonist thinks that the French Revolution led to detrimental
impacts / caused chaos and destruction in France and in the rest of the world.
‘The cartoonist thinks the French Revolution brought infernal results.’  not accepted (unclear. What
does ‘infernal results’ mean? Be specific)
Clues:
- The fire / smoke in the background
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- The skull on the flagpole
- The caption ‘an awful lesson to the world’
- The depiction of the revolutionary as a demon
- ‘seizure of all property’ / ‘death to all who oppose’
- The emphasis on the revolution being bloody (e.g. ‘blood red cap of liberty’)
View of the historian in Source B: The historian thinks that the Reign of Terror / violence in the French
Revolution was understandable / justifiable.
‘The French Revolution was a necessary evil.’  not the best answer (you should concisely reflect the
meaning of ‘necessary evil’, for example, by stating that violence was justifiable.)
Clues:
- France was invaded by foreign enemies.
- France was facing the threat from counterrevolutionaries at the same time.
- The historian suggests that the Reign of Terror was a fight for liberty.
- The historian calls the Reign of Terror a ‘necessary evil,’ suggesting that although the Terror was
bloody, it was ultimately justified because it was necessary given the circumstances in France at the
time.

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