Averages – Mixtures
& Alligations
Session Link By Nilanjan Dutta
CAT 100%-iler
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Brief Introduction About Myself
➢ BESU Shibpur, 2012 pass-out (CS)
➢ Final Year (2011 – 12 season) appeared for CAT/XAT / IIFT
➢ CAT – 99.43, XAT – 99.35, IIFT – 99.59
➢ Converts – XLRI, IIM-Indore, IIFT
➢ XLRI 2014 pass-out
CAT 100%-iler ➢ Working as a Business Consultant with an IT firm in Kolkata
➢ QA-DI-LR & GD-PI Mentor
➢ 2nd attempt at CAT – 100%-ile in CAT 2016
➢ National Level Debater, Lead Actor, Sports Enthusiast
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Concept Problems
Concept of Averages
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Concept Problems
Concept of Mixtures
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Concept Problems
Milk and Water Mixtures
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Concept Problems
Concept of Alligations
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Concept Problems
Two alloys, A and B, contain Copper and Bronze in the ratio of 16:9 and
7:13 respectively. In what ratio must these alloys be mixed in order to get
Copper and Bronze in the ratio of 8:11?
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Concept Problems
Concept of Diluting and repeated draws
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Concept Problems
From 96 liters of an ethanol solution, 16 liters is withdrawn and replaced with
pure water to dilute it. Now this process of drawing 16 liters from the ethanol
mixture and replacing it by water is repeated two more times?
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Practice Problems
Bottle 1 contains a mixture of milk and water in 7 : 2 ratio and Bottle 2
contains a mixture of milk and water in 9 : 4 ratio. In what ratio of volumes
should the liquids in Bottle 1 and Bottle 2 be combined to obtain a mixture of
milk and water in 3 : 1 ratio?
➢ 27 : 14
➢ 27 : 13
➢ 27 : 16
➢ 27 : 18
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Practice Problems
The average height of 22 toddlers increases by 2 inches when two of them
leave this group. If the average height of these two toddlers is one-third the
average height of the original 22, then the average height, in inches, of the
remaining 20 toddlers is
➢ 30
➢ 28
➢ 32
➢ 26
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Practice Problems Previous Years CAT
A milkman mixes 20 litres of water with 80 litres of milk. After selling one-
fourth of this mixture, he adds water to replenish the quantity that he has
sold. What is the current proportion of water to milk?
➢ 2:3
➢ 1:2
➢ 1:3
➢ 3:4
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Practice Problems
The average marks obtained by the girls in the class is 74%, while the
average marks obtained by the boys in the class is 54%. If the overall
average marks obtained by all the students is 62%, then approximately what
percentage of the students are girls?
➢ 40%
➢ 60%
➢ 55%
➢ 45%
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Practice Problems
At a party, the bartender, Shivam, served Sanya a cocktail comprising of
three types of ingredients – Vodka, Whiskey and Orange Juice in the ratio of
5:6:8 respectively is poured into a glass. Sanya however was wanting a
more sharp drink, hence she instructed the bartender, Shivam, to further add
‘V’ ml of Vodka and ‘W’ ml of Whiskey to her drink to help reverse the ratio of
the three ingredients to 8:6:5 instead. If ‘W’ is known to be 21 ml less than
‘V’, then what is the value of V (in ml)?
➢ 36
➢ 35
➢ 39
➢ 42
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Previous Years CAT
Practice Problems
Three classes X, Y and Z take an algebra test.
The average score in class X is 83.
The average score in class Y is 76.
The average score in class Z is 85.
The average score of all students in classes X and Y together is 79.
The average score of all students in classes Y and Z together is 81.
What is the average for all the three classes?
➢ 81
➢ 81.5
➢ 82
➢ 84.5
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Practice Problems
The average marks scored by five students Aaly, Baly, Caly, Daly and Ealy
in the Physics paper is (M + 6) while the average marks scored by Caly and
Ealy is (M – 6). If the marks of another student, Faly, is also added, the
average marks scored by all of them reduces by 5. If the average marks
scored by Aaly, Baly, Daly and Faly is 97.5 kg, find the value of ‘M’?
➢ 88
➢ 93
➢ 97
➢ 99
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Practice Problems
How much ml of water should a milkman, add to a beaker containing 700 ml
of pure milk, if he intends to make 26% profit, despite giving a discount of
16% to customers?
➢ 300 ml
➢ 350 ml
➢ 400 ml
➢ 450 ml
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Practice Problems
A jug contains a mixture comprising of ethanol and propanol mixed in the
ratio 7:3 respectively. If ‘k' litres of the mixture is taken out of the jug and
replaced with 5 litres propanol, then the ratio of the ethanol to propanol in
the jug becomes 2:1 and if ‘2k' litres of the mixture is taken out of the jug and
replaced with 10 litres ethanol, then the ratio of the ethanol to propanol in the
jug becomes 3:1. Find the initial volume of ethanol in the jug?
➢ 95 litres
➢ 100 litres
➢ 105 litres
➢ 110 litres
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Practice Problems
If 351 ml of a milk solution containing ‘p’ % milk is mixed with 195 ml of
another milk solution, containing ‘q’ % milk to obtain a resultant mixture
containing 86% milk. If it is known that p < q, and it is known that both ‘p’ &
‘q’ are positive integers, then what is the value of (p + q)?
➢ 168
➢ 176
➢ 174
➢ 170
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Previous Years CAT
Practice Problems
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Practice Problems
A container contains a 1800 ml solution mixture of two Acids – A and B, with
the concentration of Acid A in the mixture being 37.5%. Lingo then adds ‘c’
ml of Acid A to the solution, such that the initial ratio of Acid A to Acid B in
the given solution mixture is reversed. His friend Pingo then adds ‘d’ ml of
Acid B into the solution mixture so as to reverse the ratio once again, to the
initial ratio of the two Acids. What is the value of (5c – 2d)?
➢ 800
➢ 900
➢ 1000
➢ 1200
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Practice Problems
560 liters of mixture P, comprising of propanol and water contains only 30%
water. 37.5% of the mixture is taken out using a mug and poured into
another jar ‘S’ containing a mixture of propanol and water, such that the
volume of propanol in the resultant mixture becomes 180 liters. If the ratio of
the volume of propanol to water initially in jar ‘S’ was 11:9 respectively, find
the volume of water in jar ‘S’ (in liters).
➢ 27
➢ 31.5
➢ 36
➢ 45
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Practice Problems
There are two milk solutions available, solution X containing 89% milk and
the other solution Y containing 237 ml of milk. However, when the two milk
solutions are poured together into a common container, the resultant mixture
is observed to contain exactly 87% milk. If the volume of the second milk
solution Y is exactly 25% of the volume of solution X, then what is the
combined volume of the resultant mixture obtained?
➢ 1350 ml
➢ 1400 ml
➢ 1450 ml
➢ 1500 ml
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Practice Problems
A mixture comprises of Ethanol and Methanol in the ratio of 7: 5. When 48
liters of the mixture is drawn off using a mug, and instead the mixture is
again replenished with the same volume of liquid Methanol, then the new
ratio of Ethanol and Methanol becomes 7: 8. What can be inferred about the
original volume of Ethanol in the mixture?
➢ 140 Liters
➢ 90 Liters
➢ 70 Liters
➢ 110 Liters
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Previous Years CAT
Practice Problems
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Practice Problems
In St. Cannady's School, the number of girls in class VII is 8 more than the
number of boys. It is also known that the average weight of the boys of
Class VII is 52 kg, the average weight of girls of Class VII is 46 kg while the
average weight of the combined class is 48.8125 kg. If the number of
students in Class VIII is 12 more than the total number of students in Class
VII and the gender split of boys to girls in Class VIII is 9:5, then what can be
inferred about the count of girls in Class VIII, in St. Cannady’s School?
➢ 45
➢ 50
➢ 55
➢ 60
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Practice Problems
A milk vendor sets of on his day with a can of 60 liters capacity, filled to its
brim with pure milk. At the first flat (flat number 23), he delivers one seventh
of the can’s total content, and then dilutes the can content by adding water
so as to restore the can’s content to the brim, every time. He keeps on doing
so at every flat, where he stops to deliver milk. Which shall be the first flat
number to receive milk of concentration less than 30%, if the milk vendor
traverses flats, numbered 23 – 35, in that sequence, without skipping any
flat?
➢ 32
➢ 31
➢ 30
➢ 29
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Practice Problems
The Arithmetic Mean of the numbers 1, 5, 52, 53, 54 …. up to 531 shall lie in
which of these ranges?
➢ (526, 527)
➢ (528, 529)
➢ (531, 532)
➢ (529, 530)
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Practice Problems
The average age of all the women in a Start-up is 32 years. If the eldest
woman and the youngest woman were to leave the Start-up on the following
day, then the average age of the other women in the Start-up would reduce
by 0.25. The difference between the ages of these two women is known to
be 30 years. All the women in the Start-up are of a prime number age
between 25 and 70, including these two. Which of these cannot be the
number of employees in the office
➢ 98
➢ 114
➢ 136
➢ 162
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Previous Years CAT
Practice Problems
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Practice Problems
The average temperature at 6a.m. for a particular week starting from Sunday
to Saturday is 32 degrees Celsius; with the lowest temperature during this
period being 27 degrees Celsius, what is the maximum temperature(in
degree Celsius) possible over the week, give that everyday the average
temperature at 6a.m., was a distinct integer?
➢ 44
➢ 45
➢ 46
➢ 47
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Practice Problems
The Harmonic Mean of two numbers is 4, their Arithmetic Mean is P, and
their Geometric Mean is Q. If it is known that 2P + 𝑄2 = 27, then what is the
difference between the two numbers?
➢ 3
➢ 5
➢ 4
➢ 2
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Practice Problems
Ramu sold a total of 115 copies of the books of two popular authors
combined. The ratio of selling price of the book of the more popular author to
that of the less popular author is 6 : 5. He earned Rs. 52800 on the sale of
books of the more popular author and Rs. 19250 on the sale of books of the
less popular author. Find the total profit made by Ramu if the cost price of
the books by either author was to be the average of the selling price of a
book each from both the authors?
➢ Rs. 2175
➢ Rs. 2275
➢ Rs. 1875
➢ Rs. 2475
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Practice Problems
In a coaching institute for IITJEE, the ratio of male and female students is
11:7. The monthly fee that male students need to pay is 80% of the total
number of students while female students receive 25% concession in fees,
compared to their male counterparts. If the total fees collected from all the
students for a month is Rs 3369600, find the difference between the number
of male and female students in the coaching institute?
➢ 480
➢ 530
➢ 560
➢ 600
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