Class 7th Science: Transportations in Animals And Plants

{ Extra Questions }

Very Short Answer type Questions

1. Which vessel carries oxygen rich blood?
Answer: Arteries carries oxygen rich blood.
2. What is excretion?
Answer: Removal of waste products from the body is called excretion.
3. What is called pulse rate?
Answer: The number of beats per minute is called the pulse rate.
4. What system removes waste from the body?
Answer: The excretory system removes waste from the body.
5. What is the fluid part of blood called?
Answer: The fluid part of the blood is called plasma.
6. What does human sweat contain?
Answer: The sweat contains water and salts.
7. What is the function of phloem?
Answer: Phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
8. Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure?
Answer: A sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure.
9. Name the major excretory product in humas.
Answer: The major excretory product in humans is urea.
10. What is haemoglobin?
Answer: Red blood cells (RBC) which contain a red pigment called
haemoglobin.
11. Which veins carry oxygen rich blood?
Answer: Pulmonary vein carries oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the
heart.
12. What makes the blood look red?
Answer: Blood contain a red pigment called haemoglobin give blood its
red color.
13. How much urine an adult human being normally passes in 24 hours?
Answer: An adult human being normally passes about 1-1.8 L of urine in
24 hours.
14. What urine consists of?
Answer: The urine consists of 95% water, 2.5% urea and 2.5% other waste
products.
15. What is a tissue?
Answer: A tissue is a group of cells that perform specialised function in an
organism.
16. What is normal resting pulse rate of human body?
Answer: A resting person usually has a pulse rate between 72 and 80
beats per minute.
17. What is the function of veins?
Answer: Veins carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body
back to the heart.
18. What is the function of valves in veins?
Answer: There are valves present in veins which allow blood to flow only
towards the heart.
19. Where is heart located in human body?
Answer: The heart is located in the chest cavity with its lower tip slightly
tilted towards the left.
20. What is the function of Pulmonary artery?
Answer: The pulmonary artery carries carbon dioxide-rich blood from the
right ventricle to the lungs.
21. What are the excretory organs of the human body?
Answer: Excretory system of humans consists of two kidneys, two ureters,
a urinary bladder, and urethra.
22. What is xylem?
Answer: The vascular tissue for the transport of water and nutrients in the
plant is called the xylem.
23. Which blood vessels carry blood from all parts of the body back to the
heart?
Answer: Veins are the blood vessels that carry blood from all parts of the
body back to the heart.
24. How do aquatic animals like fishes excrete their waste?
Answer: Aquatic animals like fishes, excrete cell waste as ammonia which
directly dissolves in water.
25. How do birds, lizards and snakes excrete their waste?
Answer: Some land animals like birds, lizards, snakes excrete a semi-solid,
white coloured compound (uric acid).

Short Answer type Questions

26. What is the significance of partition between the chambers of heart?
Answer: The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up of
blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.
27. Differentiate between Atrium and Ventricle.
Answer: Atrium – The two upper chambers of the heart are called the atria
(singular: atrium).
Ventricle – The two lower chambers of the heart are called the ventricles.
28. What is function of xylem?
Answer: The xylem forms a continuous network of channels that connects
roots to the leaves through the stem and branches and thus transports
water to the entire plant.
29. What is heart beat?
Answer: The walls of the chambers of the heart are made up of muscles.
These muscles contract and relax rhythmically. This rhythmic contraction
followed by its relaxation constitutes a heartbeat.
30. What is the main function of the kidneys?
Answer: The kidneys perform the essential function of removing waste
products from the blood and produce urine, composed of wastes and
extra fluid. It helps in regulating the water fluid levels.
31. What is Dialysis?
Answer: Sometimes a person’s kidneys may stop working due to infection
or injury. As a result of kidney failure, waste products start accumulating in
the blood. Such persons cannot survive unless their blood is filtered
periodically through an artificial kidney. This process is called dialysis.
32. Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal?
Explain. (N)
Answer: All organisms need food, water and oxygen for survival. They
need to transport all these to various parts of their body. Further, they need
to transport wastes to parts from where they can be removed. Thus,
transport of materials is necessary in a plant or in an animal.
33. What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood? (N)
Answer: Platelets are responsible for clotting of blood. If there are no
platelets, the blood would not clot in case of an injury. This will lead to
excess blood loss and finally in death of the person.
34. What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata. (N)
Answer: There are small openings on the surface of the leaves. These
openings are called stomata. These openings are surrounded with guard
cells.
Functions of stomata are:
The water evaporates through the stomata present on the surface of
the leaves by the process of transpiration.
 The evaporation of water from leaves generates a suction pull which
can pull water to great heights in the tall trees.
It helps in exchange of gases.
35. What are the components of blood? (N)
Answer: Blood is a liquid, which has cells of various kinds suspended in it.
Main components of blood are:
Plasma: The fluid part of the blood is called plasma.
RBC: One type of cells are the red blood cells (RBC) which contain a red
pigment called haemoglobin.
WBC: The blood also has white blood cells (WBC) which fight against
germs that may enter our body.
Platelets: The clotting of blood is caused by another type of cells in the
blood, called platelets.
36. Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
(N)
Answer: Transpiration serves the following functions in plants
It helps in lowering temperature of plants, thus preventing heat injury of
plants.
Helps in transpiration pull, which helps in raining water in higher plants.
It also causes loss of water absorbed by plants.
37. Why is heart known as the pumping organ of the human body?
Answer: Heart is the pumping organs of a human body as it continuously
act as a pump for transporting blood to all body parts. Heart pumps
carbon-dioxide rich blood to lungs and oxygen rich blood to rest of the
body.

38. Describe the function of the heart. (N)

Answer: The heart is an organ which beats continuously to act as a pump
for the transport of blood, which carries other substances with it. The
heart has four chambers. The two upper chambers are called the atria
(singular: atrium), and the two lower chambers are called the ventricles.
The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up of blood-rich
in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.

39. Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various
parts.
Answer:

40. Differentiate between arteries and veins.

Answer:

Arteries Veins
1. Arteries carry blood 1. Veins carry blood from all
from the heart to all parts of the body back to the
parts of the body. heart.
2. Arteries carry oxygen- 2. Veins carry carbon dioxide-rich
rich blood. blood.
3. There are valves present in
3. There are no valves
veins which allow blood to flow
present in arteries.
only towards the heart.
4. The arteries have
4. The veins have thin walls.
thick walls.