Sub: - .

NET Programming Lab(CS-755) List of

experiments: in C#
1. Implement Jagged Array
Description:
A jagged array is an array of arrays where each "inner" array can be of a
different size.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;

class JaggedArrayExample
{
static void Main()
{
// Declare the jagged array
int[][] jaggedArray = new int[3][];

// Initialize each inner array with different sizes

jaggedArray[0] = new int[] { 1, 2, 3 };
jaggedArray[1] = new int[] { 4, 5 };
jaggedArray[2] = new int[] { 6, 7, 8, 9 };
 // Iterate and display elements
for (int i = 0; i < jaggedArray.Length; i++)
{
Console.Write("Row {0}: ", i);
foreach (var item in jaggedArray[i])
{
Console.Write(item + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
Explanation:
 A jagged array allows arrays of different sizes.
 The outer loop traverses each array, while the inner foreach loop
iterates over its elements.

2. Prime Number Check and Displaying Largest Factor

Description:
Check if a number is prime. If not, find and display the largest factor of
the number.
Code Implementation:
csharp
using System;
class PrimeOrLargestFactor
{
static void Main()
{
Console.Write("Enter a number: ");
int number = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
if (IsPrime(number))
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} is a prime number.", number);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("The largest factor of {0} is {1}.", number,
LargestFactor(number));
}
}
static bool IsPrime(int num)
{
if (num <= 1) return false;
for (int i = 2; i <= Math.Sqrt(num); i++)
{
 if (num % i == 0) return false;
}
return true;
}

static int LargestFactor(int num)

{
for (int i = num / 2; i >= 2; i--)
{
if (num % i == 0) return i;
}
return 1; // For prime numbers
}
}

3. Program to Demonstrate Boxing and Unboxing

Description:
Boxing is the process of converting a value type (e.g., int) to an object
type. Unboxing is the reverse process.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
class BoxingUnboxingExample
{
static void Main()
{
// Boxing
int num = 123;
object boxedNum = num;
Console.WriteLine("Boxed value: {0}", boxedNum);

// Unboxing
int unboxedNum = (int)boxedNum;
Console.WriteLine("Unboxed value: {0}", unboxedNum);
}
}
Explanation:
 The integer num is converted into an object type (boxing).
 boxedNum is cast back to an integer (unboxing).

4. List All Substrings of a Given String

Description:
Generate and print all possible substrings of a given string.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
class SubstringExample
{
static void Main()
{
Console.Write("Enter a string: ");
string input = Console.ReadLine();
for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j <= input.Length - i; j++)
{
Console.WriteLine(input.Substring(i, j));
}
}
}
}
Explanation:
 Two nested loops are used to generate all possible substrings of
the input string.
5. Program to Implement Multicast Delegates
Description:
A multicast delegate can reference multiple methods and invoke them
in sequence.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
delegate void PrintDelegate(string message);
class MulticastDelegateExample
{
static void PrintUppercase(string msg)
{
Console.WriteLine(msg.ToUpper());
}

static void PrintLowercase(string msg)

{
Console.WriteLine(msg.ToLower());
}

static void Main()

 {
PrintDelegate del = PrintUppercase;
del += PrintLowercase;

// Invoking multicast delegate

del("Hello Multicast!");
}
}
Explanation:
 A delegate PrintDelegate is used to call two methods.
 The += operator adds methods to the invocation list.

6. Add Given Days to Local System Date

Description:
Add a specified number of days to the current system date and display
the result.
Code Implementation:
csharp

using System;
class DateManipulation
{
static void Main()
 {
Console.Write("Enter number of days to add: ");
int daysToAdd = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());

DateTime currentDate = DateTime.Now;

DateTime newDate = currentDate.AddDays(daysToAdd);

Console.WriteLine("Current Date: {0}", currentDate);

Console.WriteLine("New Date: {0}", newDate);
}
}
Explanation:
 DateTime.Now retrieves the current date.
 AddDays method is used to add a specified number of days.

7. Multiple Inheritance Using Interfaces

Description:
Demonstrate multiple inheritance using interfaces in C#.
Code Implementation:
csharp
using System;
interface IAnimal
{
void Speak();
}
interface IWalk
{
void Walk();
}

class Dog : IAnimal, IWalk

{
public void Speak()
{
Console.WriteLine("Dog says: Woof!");
}

public void Walk()

{
Console.WriteLine("Dog is walking.");
}
}

class MultipleInheritanceExample
{
static void Main()
{
Dog dog = new Dog();
dog.Speak();
dog.Walk();
}
}
Explanation:
 C# does not support multiple inheritance through classes, but it
does through interfaces.
 The Dog class implements both IAnimal and IWalk.

8. Demonstrate Constructors and Inheritance

Description:
Create a base class and derived class to show constructor chaining in
inheritance.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;

class BaseClass
{
public BaseClass()
{
Console.WriteLine("Base class constructor called.");
}
}

class DerivedClass : BaseClass

{
public DerivedClass()
{
Console.WriteLine("Derived class constructor called.");
}
}

class InheritanceExample
{
static void Main()
{
DerivedClass obj = new DerivedClass();
}
}
Explanation:
 When an object of the DerivedClass is created, the BaseClass
constructor is called first due to inheritance.

9. Demonstrate the Concepts of Polymorphism

Description:
Polymorphism allows methods in derived classes to have different
behaviors, even though they share the same name as methods in the
base class.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
class Animal
{
public virtual void Speak()
{
Console.WriteLine("Animal speaks.");
}
}

class Dog : Animal

{
public override void Speak()
{
Console.WriteLine("Dog barks.");
}
}

class Cat : Animal

{
public override void Speak()
{
Console.WriteLine("Cat meows.");
}
}

class PolymorphismExample
{
static void Main()
{
Animal myDog = new Dog();
Animal myCat = new Cat();
 myDog.Speak(); // Output: Dog barks.
myCat.Speak(); // Output: Cat meows.
}
}
Explanation:
 This example demonstrates runtime polymorphism using method
overriding.
 The Speak method behaves differently depending on the object
instance.

10. Demonstrate Partial Classes and Extension Methods

Description:
Partial classes allow the definition of a class to be split into multiple
files. Extension methods add new methods to existing classes.
Code Implementation:
File1: PartialClass.cs
csharp
public partial class SampleClass
{
public void Method1()
{
Console.WriteLine("Method 1 in Partial Class.");
}
}
File2: PartialClassExtensions.cs
csharp
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public partial class SampleClass
{
public void Method2()
{
Console.WriteLine("Method 2 in Partial Class.");
}
}
File3: MainProgram.cs
csharp
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using System;
static class Extensions
{
public static void Method3(this SampleClass sample)
{
Console.WriteLine("Extension Method 3.");
}
}
class PartialClassExample
{
static void Main()
{
SampleClass sample = new SampleClass();
sample.Method1();
sample.Method2();
sample.Method3(); // Using the extension method
}
}
Explanation:
 The SampleClass is divided into two partial definitions.
 An extension method Method3 is added to SampleClass.

11. Demonstrate the Concepts of Delegates

Description:
A delegate is a type that defines a method signature, enabling methods
to be passed as parameters.
Code Implementation:
csharp
using System;
public delegate void PrintDelegate(string message);
class DelegateExample
{
public static void PrintMessage(string message)
{
Console.WriteLine("Message: " + message);
}

static void Main()

{
PrintDelegate del = new PrintDelegate(PrintMessage);
del("Hello from a delegate!");
}
}
Explanation:
 The PrintDelegate delegate is defined to match methods with a
string parameter.
 The method PrintMessage is invoked via the delegate del.

12. Create a Windows Application for Registration Form

Description:
Develop a form where users can input details. Upon clicking a "Submit"
button, the details are displayed in a message box.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
public class RegistrationForm : Form
{
private TextBox nameBox;
private TextBox emailBox;
private Button submitButton;

public RegistrationForm()
{
this.Text = "Registration Form";

Label nameLabel = new Label { Text = "Name:", Top = 20, Left = 10 };

nameBox = new TextBox { Top = 20, Left = 80 };

Label emailLabel = new Label { Text = "Email:", Top = 50, Left = 10 };

emailBox = new TextBox { Top = 50, Left = 80 };

submitButton = new Button { Text = "Submit", Top = 80, Left = 80 };

submitButton.Click += new EventHandler(OnSubmit);
 Controls.Add(nameLabel);
Controls.Add(nameBox);
Controls.Add(emailLabel);
Controls.Add(emailBox);
Controls.Add(submitButton);
}
private void OnSubmit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string message = $"Name: {nameBox.Text}\nEmail:
{emailBox.Text}";
MessageBox.Show(message, "Registration Details");
}

[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new RegistrationForm());
}
}
Explanation:
 A simple form is created with textboxes for name and email.
  Clicking the "Submit" button triggers the display of user input.

13. Create a Windows Application for Factorial, Prime,

and Factorial Series Calculation
Description:
Develop a form where users input a number and click buttons to
compute factorial, check for primality, or generate a factorial series.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public class CalculationForm : Form

{
private TextBox inputBox;
private TextBox outputBox;
private Button factorialButton;
private Button primeButton;
private Button factorialSeriesButton;
public CalculationForm()
{
this.Text = "Calculations";
 Label inputLabel = new Label { Text = "Input:", Top = 20, Left = 10 };
inputBox = new TextBox { Top = 20, Left = 80 };
outputBox = new TextBox { Top = 80, Left = 80, Width = 200 };

factorialButton = new Button { Text = "Factorial", Top = 50, Left = 10

};
factorialButton.Click += new EventHandler(OnFactorial);

primeButton = new Button { Text = "Prime", Top = 50, Left = 100 };

primeButton.Click += new EventHandler(OnPrime);

factorialSeriesButton = new Button { Text = "Factorial Series", Top =

50, Left = 180 };
factorialSeriesButton.Click += new
EventHandler(OnFactorialSeries);
Controls.Add(inputLabel);
Controls.Add(inputBox);
Controls.Add(outputBox);
Controls.Add(factorialButton);
Controls.Add(primeButton);
Controls.Add(factorialSeriesButton);
}
private void OnFactorial(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int n = int.Parse(inputBox.Text);
outputBox.Text = Factorial(n).ToString();
}
private void OnPrime(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int n = int.Parse(inputBox.Text);
outputBox.Text = IsPrime(n) ? "Prime" : "Not Prime";
}

private void OnFactorialSeries(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
int n = int.Parse(inputBox.Text);
string series = string.Join(", ", FactorialSeries(n));
outputBox.Text = series;
}

private int Factorial(int n)

{
return n <= 1 ? 1 : n * Factorial(n - 1);
}
private bool IsPrime(int n)
{
if (n <= 1) return false;
for (int i = 2; i <= Math.Sqrt(n); i++)
if (n % i == 0) return false;
return true;
}

private int[] FactorialSeries(int n)

{
int[] series = new int[n];
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
series[i - 1] = Factorial(i);
return series;
}

[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new CalculationForm());
}
}
Explanation:
 The form contains buttons to compute factorial, check primality,
and generate a factorial series for the entered number.

14. Demonstrate User-Defined Exception

Description:
In C#, user-defined exceptions allow developers to create custom
exceptions by inheriting from the Exception class.
Code Implementation:
csharp
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using System;
public class AgeException : Exception
{
public AgeException(string message) : base(message)
{
}
}

class UserDefinedExceptionExample
{
public static void CheckAge(int age)
{
if (age < 18)
{
throw new AgeException("Age must be 18 or older.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Access granted - You are old enough!");
}
}

static void Main()

{
try
{
Console.WriteLine("Enter your age:");
int age = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
CheckAge(age);
}
catch (AgeException ex)
{
 Console.WriteLine("User-defined exception caught: " +
ex.Message);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine("An error occurred: " + e.Message);
}
}
}
Explanation:
 The AgeException class is a user-defined exception.
 The method CheckAge throws this exception if the input age is
less than 18.

15. Develop a Registration Form with All Validation

Controls
Description:
Create a Windows form application for user registration with validation
for fields like name, email, password, and phone number.
Code Implementation:
csharp
using System;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

public class RegistrationFormWithValidation : Form

{
private TextBox nameBox, emailBox, passwordBox, phoneBox;
private Button submitButton;

public RegistrationFormWithValidation()
{
this.Text = "Registration Form with Validation";

Label nameLabel = new Label { Text = "Name:", Top = 20, Left = 10 };

nameBox = new TextBox { Top = 20, Left = 100 };

Label emailLabel = new Label { Text = "Email:", Top = 60, Left = 10 };

emailBox = new TextBox { Top = 60, Left = 100 };

Label passwordLabel = new Label { Text = "Password:", Top = 100,

Left = 10 };
passwordBox = new TextBox { Top = 100, Left = 100, PasswordChar
= '*' };
 Label phoneLabel = new Label { Text = "Phone:", Top = 140, Left =
10 };
phoneBox = new TextBox { Top = 140, Left = 100 };

submitButton = new Button { Text = "Submit", Top = 180, Left =

100 };
submitButton.Click += new EventHandler(OnSubmit);

Controls.Add(nameLabel);
Controls.Add(nameBox);
Controls.Add(emailLabel);
Controls.Add(emailBox);
Controls.Add(passwordLabel);
Controls.Add(passwordBox);
Controls.Add(phoneLabel);
Controls.Add(phoneBox);
Controls.Add(submitButton);
}

private void OnSubmit(object sender, EventArgs e)

{
string name = nameBox.Text;
string email = emailBox.Text;
 string password = passwordBox.Text;
string phone = phoneBox.Text;

if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(name))
{
MessageBox.Show("Name cannot be empty.");
return;
}

if (!Regex.IsMatch(email, @"^\S+@\S+\.\S+$"))
{
MessageBox.Show("Invalid email format.");
return;
}

if (password.Length < 6)
{
MessageBox.Show("Password must be at least 6 characters
long.");
return;
}
 if (!Regex.IsMatch(phone, @"^\d{10}$"))
{
MessageBox.Show("Phone number must be 10 digits.");
return;
}

MessageBox.Show("Registration Successful!");
}

[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new RegistrationFormWithValidation());
}
}

16. Create a Web Service for All Arithmetic Operations

ArithmeticWebService.asmx.cs:
csharp
using System.Web.Services;
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class ArithmeticWebService : WebService
{
[WebMethod]
public double Add(double a, double b)
{
return a + b;
}

[WebMethod]
public double Subtract(double a, double b)
{
return a - b;
}

[WebMethod]
public double Multiply(double a, double b)
{
return a * b;
}
 [WebMethod]
public double Divide(double a, double b)
{
if (b == 0)
throw new System.DivideByZeroException("Cannot divide by
zero.");
return a / b;
}
}

17) Application to Find Factorial Value

Description: A web application that calculates the factorial of a given
integer.
Controls Used: TextBox for input, Button to trigger calculation, Label to
display the result.

Html
<asp:TextBox ID="txtNumber" runat="server" placeholder="Enter a
number"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Button ID="btnCalculate" runat="server" Text="Find Factorial"
OnClick="btnCalculate_Click" />
<asp:Label ID="lblResult" runat="server" Text=""></asp:Label>

Csharp
protected void btnCalculate_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
int number = int.Parse(txtNumber.Text);
long factorial = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= number; i++)
{
factorial *= i;
}
lblResult.Text = "Factorial: " + factorial;
}

18) Application to Perform Money Conversion

Description: Converts a given amount from one currency to another.
Controls Used: TextBox for amount, DropDownList for currency
selection, Button for conversion, Label for result.

Html
<asp:TextBox ID="txtAmount" runat="server" placeholder="Enter
amount"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddlCurrency" runat="server">
<asp:ListItem Value="USD">USD</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem Value="EUR">EUR</asp:ListItem>
 <asp:ListItem Value="INR">INR</asp:ListItem>
</asp:DropDownList>
<asp:Button ID="btnConvert" runat="server" Text="Convert"
OnClick="btnConvert_Click" />
<asp:Label ID="lblConvertedAmount" runat="server"
Text=""></asp:Label>

Csharp
protected void btnConvert_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
double amount = double.Parse(txtAmount.Text);
string currency = ddlCurrency.SelectedValue;
double convertedAmount = 0;
switch (currency)
{
case "USD":
convertedAmount = amount * 1.2; // Example conversion rate
break;
case "EUR":
convertedAmount = amount * 1.1;
break;
case "INR":
convertedAmount = amount * 90; // Hypothetical rate
 break;
}
lblConvertedAmount.Text = "Converted Amount: " +
convertedAmount;
}

19) Application to Display Roots of a Quadratic Equation

 Description: Finds and displays the roots of a quadratic equation
ax^2 + bx + c = 0.

 Controls Used: TextBox for coefficients a, b, and c, Button for

calculation, Label for result.

Html
<asp:TextBox ID="txtA" runat="server" placeholder="Enter value of
a"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtB" runat="server" placeholder="Enter value of
b"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtC" runat="server" placeholder="Enter value of
c"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:Button ID="btnCalculateRoots" runat="server" Text="Find Roots"
OnClick="btnCalculateRoots_Click" />
<asp:Label ID="lblRoots" runat="server" Text=""></asp:Label>
Csharp
protected void btnCalculateRoots_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
double a = double.Parse(txtA.Text);
double b = double.Parse(txtB.Text);
double c = double.Parse(txtC.Text);
double discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;
if (discriminant < 0)
{
lblRoots.Text = "No Real Roots";
}
else
{
double root1 = (-b + Math.Sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
double root2 = (-b - Math.Sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);
lblRoots.Text = $"Roots: {root1}, {root2}";
}
}

20) Temperature Conversion with Dropdown List and

ListBox Controls
Description: Converts temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit or vice
versa.

Controls Used: TextBox for temperature, DropDownList for conversion

type, ListBox for selecting output unit, Button for conversion, Label for
result.

Html
<asp:TextBox ID="txtTemp" runat="server" placeholder="Enter
temperature"></asp:TextBox>
<asp:DropDownList ID="ddlConvertFrom" runat="server">
<asp:ListItem Value="Celsius">Celsius</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem Value="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</asp:ListItem>
</asp:DropDownList>
<asp:ListBox ID="lstConvertTo" runat="server">
<asp:ListItem Value="Celsius">Celsius</asp:ListItem>
<asp:ListItem Value="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</asp:ListItem>
</asp:ListBox>
<asp:Button ID="btnConvertTemp" runat="server" Text="Convert"
OnClick="btnConvertTemp_Click" />
<asp:Label ID="lblTempResult" runat="server" Text=""></asp:Label>
Csharp
protected void btnConvertTemp_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
double temp = double.Parse(txtTemp.Text);
string convertFrom = ddlConvertFrom.SelectedValue;
string convertTo = lstConvertTo.SelectedValue;
double convertedTemp = 0;

if (convertFrom == "Celsius" && convertTo == "Fahrenheit")

{
convertedTemp = (temp * 9 / 5) + 32;
}
else if (convertFrom == "Fahrenheit" && convertTo == "Celsius")
{
convertedTemp = (temp - 32) * 5 / 9;
}
else
{
convertedTemp = temp; // No conversion
}
 lblTempResult.Text = $"Converted Temperature: {convertedTemp}°
{convertTo}";
}