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Adjectives

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12 views

Adjectives

Uploaded by

iyad khamis
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What Are Adjectives?

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (people, places, things) and
pronouns (he, she, it, they). They provide more information about what
something is like, answering questions like:
 What kind? (a happy child)
 How many? (Three cars)
 Which one? (The blue house)
 Whose? (Her book)

Types of Adjectives
1. Descriptive Adjectives
These adjectives describe qualities of a noun like size, shape, color, or
emotion.
Examples:
o Big house (size)
o Round table (shape)
o Red apple (color)
o Happy child (emotion)
2. Quantitative Adjectives
These describe quantity – how many or how much of something.
Examples:
o He has three dogs. (number)
o There is enough water. (amount)
3. Demonstrative Adjectives
These point out specific things or people.
Examples:
o This book is mine.
o I want those shoes.
4. Possessive Adjectives
These show ownership.
Examples:
o My car is parked outside.
o Their house is very big.
5. Interrogative Adjectives
These are used to ask questions.
Examples:
o Which dress should I wear?
o Whose bag is this?
6. Indefinite Adjectives
These describe a non-specific amount or group of things.
Examples:
o I have some money.
o Several people were waiting.

The Order of Adjectives


When we use more than one adjective before a noun, there’s a specific order
they follow. Although it may feel natural to native speakers, the order is
important for learners.
Here’s the common order of adjectives:
1. Quantity (how many, how much)
o Example: Two books
2. Opinion (what we think about something)
o Example: Beautiful flowers
3. Size (big, small, tall, short)
o Example: Large house
4. Age (old, young, new)
o Example: Old tree
5. Shape (round, square, flat)
o Example: Round table
6. Color (red, green, blue)
o Example: Blue sky
7. Origin (where something is from)
o Example: American car
8. Material (what it’s made of)
o Example: Wooden chair
9. Purpose (what it’s for, usually ending in “-ing” or “-ed”)
o Example: Running shoes
Examples of adjectives in order:
 A beautiful, large, old, round, wooden table
 Three big red apples

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives


Adjectives can also be used to compare things. There are two main forms:
comparative and superlative.
1. Comparatives:
Comparatives compare two things. To form a comparative adjective:
 For most short adjectives (one syllable), add -er to the adjective.
o Examples:
 My car is faster than yours.
 She is taller than her brother.
 For longer adjectives (two syllables or more), use more before the
adjective.
o Examples:
 This movie is more interesting than the other one.
 He is more careful with his words than she is.
Irregular Comparatives: Some adjectives have irregular forms.
 Good → Better
 Bad → Worse
 Far → Farther
2. Superlatives:
Superlatives compare three or more things, showing the highest degree. To form
a superlative adjective:
 For most short adjectives, add -est to the adjective.
o Examples:
 She is the tallest in the class.
 This is the fastest car on the track.
 For longer adjectives, use most before the adjective.
o Examples:
 This is the most interesting book I’ve read.
 He is the most careful student.
Irregular Superlatives:
 Good → Best
 Bad → Worst
 Far → Farthest

Adjectives Ending in -ing and -ed


Sometimes adjectives are formed from verbs, and they end in -ing or -ed. These
adjectives describe different things:
 -ing adjectives describe the cause of a feeling (something or someone that
makes you feel a certain way).
o Examples:
 The movie was boring. (The movie causes the feeling of
boredom.)
 This book is interesting.
 -ed adjectives describe how someone feels.
o Examples:
 I am bored with this movie. (I feel boredom.)
 She is interested in the story.

Adjective Placement
1. Before the noun
Adjectives usually come before the noun they describe.
Examples:
o I have a small dog.
o This is a difficult problem.
2. After the verb
Some adjectives come after linking verbs like be, seem, look, feel, etc.
Examples:
o The cake is delicious.
o He seems tired.

Degrees of Adjectives (Positive, Comparative, Superlative)


 Positive Degree: The basic form of the adjective, describing one thing.
o Examples: big, tall, beautiful
 Comparative Degree: Compares two things.
o Examples: bigger, taller, more beautiful
 Superlative Degree: Compares three or more things, showing the highest
or lowest degree.
o Examples: biggest, tallest, most beautiful

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