Chemical Equilibrium

Section (A) : Properties of Equilibrium, Law of mass action, Equilibrium constant and its
properties, Factors affecting Equlibrium constant

1. A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when

(1) Reactants are completely transformed into products
(2) The rates of forward and backward reactions are equal
(3) Formation of products is minimised
(4) Equal amounts of reactants and products are present

2. Which of the following statement is incorrect :

(1) At equilibrium, concentration of reactants must be equal to concentration of products.
(2) Equilibrium can be attained in both homogenous and heterogenous reaction.
(3) Approach to the equilibrium is fast in initial state but gradually it decreases.
(4) Equilibrium is dynamic in nature

3. In the given reaction N2 + O2 2NO , equilibrium means that

(1) Concentration of reactant is changing where as concentration of products is constant
(2) Concentration of all substances is constant
(3) Concentration of reactants is constant where as concentration of products is changing
(4) Concentration of all substances is changing

4. Rate of reaction curve for equilibrium can be like : [rf = forward rate , rb = backward rate]

(1) (2) (3) (4) All of these

5. Rate of reaction curve for equilibrium can be like :

[rf = rate of forward, rb = rate of backward]

(1) (2) (3) (4)

6. At equilibrium rate of forward reaction is proportional to active mass's of reactants with the power of
their stoichiometric coefficient. This statement is known as :
(1) Law of mass action (2) Le-chatelie principle
(3) Faraday law of electrolysis (4) Law of constant proportion

7. Active mass concentration of 96 g of O2(g) contained in a 2 L vessel is -

(1) 16 mol/L (2) 1.5 mol/L (3) 4 mol/L (4) 24 mol/L

8. In a reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g) the rate constant of forward & backward reactions are k 1 and
k2 respectively then the equilibrium constant (K) for reaction is expressed as –
k2 k1
(1) K = (2) K = (3) K = k1 x k2 (4) K = k1 + k2
k1 k2

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 Chemical Equilibrium

9. In a chemical equilibrium, the rate constant for the backward reaction is 7.5  10–4 and the equilibrium
constant is 1.5, the rate constant for the forward reaction is :
(1) 2  10–3 (2) 5  10–4 (3) 1.12  10–3 (4) 9.0  10–4

10. The equilibrium constant for the reaction 2X(g) + 2Y(g)  2Z(g) is given as :
[2X] [2Y] [X] [Y] [Z]2 [Z]2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
[2Z] [Z] 2
[X] [Y]2 [X] [Y]

11. N2 + O 2 2NO. For this reaction Kp = 100, then Kp for reaction, 2NO N2 + O2 will be :
(1) 0.01 (2) ) 0.1 (3) 10 (4) 100

12. At a certain temperature, the following reactions have the equilibrium constant as shown below :
S(s) + O2 (g) SO2 (g); Kc1 = 5 × 1052
2S(s) + 3O2 (g) 2SO3(g); Kc2=1029  
 What is the equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction at the same temperature ?
2SO2(g) + O2 (g) 2SO3(g)
(1) 2.5 × 10 76
(2) 4 × 10 23
(3) 4 × 10–77 (4) None of these
13. Consider the two gaseous equilibrium involving SO2 and the corresponding equilibrium constant at 299 K
SO2 (g) + 1/2O2(g) SO3(g) ; K1
4SO3 (g) 4SO2 (g) + 2O2 (g) ; K2
The value of the equilibrium constant are related by :
1/ 4
1 4  1 1
(1) K2 = (2) K2 = K 1 (3) K2 =   (4) K2 =
(K1 )4  K1  K1

14. For the reaction A B ; KC = 2

B C ; KC = 4, C D ; KC = 6
KC for the reaction A D
(1) 12 (2) 4/3 (3) 24 (4) 48

15. Equilibrium constant of some reaction are given as under ;

(a) x y K = 10–1
(b) y z K = 2 × 10–2
(c) P Q K = 3 × 10–4
(d) R S K = 2 × 10–3
Initial concentration of the reactants for each reaction was taken be equal :
Review the above reaction and indicate the reactions in which the reactants and products respectively
were of highest concentration : -
(1) d, c (2) c, a (3) a, d (4) b, c

16. For a reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3, the value of KC depends upon :

(1) Initial concentration of the reactants (2) Pressure
(3) Temperature (4) catalyst

17. The equilibrium constant in a reversible reaction at a given temperature

(1) Depends on initial concentration of the reactant
(2) Depends on the concentration of the products at equilibtium
(3) Does not depend on the initial concentrations
(4) It is not characteristic of the reaction.

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Chemical Equilibrium

18. The equilibrium constant (Kp) for the reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is 16. If the volume of the
container is reduced to one half its original volume, the value of K p for the reaction at the same
temperature will be :
(1) 32 (2) 64 (3) 16 (4) 4

19. When Kc >> 1 for a chemical reaction,

(1) the equilibrium would be achieved rapidly
(2) the equilibrium would be achieved slowly
(3) product concentrations would be much greater than reactant concentrations at equilibrium
(4) reactant concentrations would be much greater then product concentrations at equilibrium.

20. For the following gases equilibrium, N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g), Kp is found to be equal to Kc. This is
attained when :
(1) 0oC (2) 273 K (3) 1 K (4) 12.19 K

21. The relation between Kp and Kc in equilibrium is :

(1) Kp = Kc (RT)n (2) Kp = Kc × RT (3) Kc = Kp (RT)n (4) Kc = Kp × n

Kp
22. For which reaction at 298 K, the value of will be maximum and minimum respectively :
Kc
(a) N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) (b) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3 (g)
(c) X(g) + Y(g) 4Z(g) (d) A(g) + 3B(g) 7C(g)
(1) d,c (2) d,b (3) c,b (4) d,a

23. For which reaction is Kp = KC :

(1) 2 NOCl(g) 2NO(g) + Cl2(g) (2) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
(3) H2(g) + Cl2(g) 2HCl(g) (4) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)

24. For hypothetical equilibrium, 4A(g) + 5B(g) 4X(g) +6Y(g)

The unit of KC will be :
(1) litre mole–1 (2) mole litre–1 (3) litre mole–2 (4) mole2 litre–2

25. What is the unit of KP for the reaction ?

CS2 (g) + 4H2 (g) CH4 (g) + 2H2S (g)
(1) atm (2) atm–2 (3) atm2 (4) atm–1

Section (B) : Kc and Kp for Homogeneous Reaction

1. PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

In above reaction, at equilibrium condition mole fraction of PCl 5 is 0.4 and mole fraction of Cl2 is 0.3.
Then find out mole fraction of PCl3
(1) 0.3 (2) 0.7 (3) 0.4 (4) 0.6

2. The reaction A(g) + B(g) C(g) + D(g) is studied in a one litre vessel at 250°C. The initial
concentration of A was 3n and that of B was n. When equilibrium was attained, equilibrium
concentration of C was found to the equal to the equilibrium concentration of B. What is the
concentration of D at equilibrium?
(1) n/2 (2) (3n – 1/2) (3) (n – n/3) (4) n

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Chemical Equilibrium

3. A certain quantity of PCl5 was heated in a 10 litre vessel at 250ºC. At equilibrium the vessel contains
0.1 mole of PCl5 0.20 mole of PCl3 and 0.2 mole of Cl2; The equilibrium constant of the reaction PCl5(g)
PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is :
(1) 0.02 (2) 0.05 (3) 0.04 (4) 0.025

4. For the equilibrium N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Kc at 1000K is 2.37 × 10–3 . If the equilibrium concentration of
N2 and H2 are 2M and 3M respectively, then [NH3] at equilibrium is :
(1) 0.00358 M (2) 0.0358 M (3) 0.358 M (4) 3.58 M

5. In the reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)

The equilibrium concentration of PCl5 and PCl3 are 0.4 and 0.2 mole/litre respectively . If the value of K c
is 0.5 what is the concentration of Cl2 at equilibrium?
(1) 2.0 (2) 1.5 (3) 1.0 (4) 0.5

6. 4 moles of A are mixed with 4 moles of B, when 2 moles of C are formed at equilibrium, according to
the reaction, A + B C + D. The equilibrium constant is :
(1) 4 (2) 1 (3) (4)

7. In the reaction 2P(g) + Q(g) 3R(g) + S(g). If 2 moles each of P and Q taken initially in a 1 litre
flask. At equilibrium which is true :
(1) [P] < [Q] (2) [P] = [Q] (3) [Q] = [R] (4) None of these

8. When 3 moles of A and 1 mole of B are mixed in 1 litre vessel the following reaction takes place
A(g) + B(g) 2C(g) . 1.5 moles of C are formed. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is
(1) 0.12 (2) 0.25 (3) 0.50 (4) 4.0

9. Kc = 9 for the reaction, A + B C + D, If A and B are taken in equal amounts, then ratio of C to A at
equilibrium is :
(1) 1 (2) 0.25 (3) 0.75 (4) None of these

10. 1 mole of N2 and 2 moles of H2 are allowed to react in a 1 dm 3 vessel. At equilibrium, 0.8 mole of NH3 is
formed. The concentration of H2 in the vessel is :
(1) 0.6 mol/L (2) 0.8 mol/L (3) 0.2 mol/L (4) 0.4 mol/L

11. An equilibrium mixture for the reaction

2H2S 2H2(g) + S2(g)
had 1 mol of H2S, 0.2 mol of H2 and 0.8 mol of S2 in a 2 litre flask. The value of KC in mol lit–1 is :
(1) 0.08 (2) 0.016 (3) 0.004 (4) 0.160

12. The reaction, PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 is started in a five litre container by taking one mole of PCl 5. If 0.3
mole of PCl5 is there at equilibrium, concentration of PCl3 and KC will respectively be :
49 23 23 49
(1) 0.14, (2) 0.12, (3) 0.07, (4) 20,
150 100 100 150

13. In the reaction A(g) + 2B(g) 2C(g) , if 2 mole of A, 3.0 moles of B and 2.0 moles of C are placed
in a 2L flask. If equilibrium concentration of C is 0.5 mole/L. The value of equilibrium constant (K C) will
be:
(1) 0.073 (2) 0.147 (3) 0.05 (4) 0.026

14. 28 g of N2 and 6 g of H2 were kept at 400ºC in 1 litre vessel, the equilibrium mixture contained 17g of
NH3. The value of KC for the reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3 is :
(1) 7.5 (2) 0.5 (3) 0.6 (4) 100
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Chemical Equilibrium

15. A mixture of 0.3 mole of H2 and 0.3 mole of I2 is allowed to react in a 10 litre evacuated flask at 500ºC.
Equilibrium constant for the reaction H2 + I2 2HI , is found to be 64. The amount of unreacted I 2 at
equilibrium is :
(1) 0.15 mole (2) 0.06 mole (3) 0.03 mole (4) 0.2 mole

16. At a certain temperature 50% HI is dissociated at equilibrium. The equilibrium constant for the reaction
2HI H2 + I2 is :
(1) 0.25 (2) 1.0 (3) 3.0 (4) 0.50

17. 0.6 mole of NH3 in a reaction vessel of 2dm 3 capacity was brought to equilibrium . The vessel was then
found to contain 0.15 mole of H2 formed by the reaction
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
Which of the following statement is true?
(1) 0.15 mole of the original NH3 had dissociated at equilibrium
(2) 0.55 mole of ammonia is left in the vessel
(3) At equilibrium the vessel contained 0.45 mole of N2
(4) The concentration of NH3 at equilibrium is 0.25 mole per dm 3

18. Equimolar concentrations of H2 and I2 are heated to equilibrium in a 2 litre flask. At equilibrium, the
forward and the backward rate constants are found to be equal, What percentage of initial
concentration of H2 has reacted at equilibrium for the reaction H2 + I2 2HI
(1) 33 % (2) 66 % (3) 50 % (4) 40 %

19. PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 in the reversible reaction the moles of PCl5, PCl3 and Cl2 are a, b and c
respectively and total pressure is P then value of Kp is :
bc b bc.P c
(1) .RT (2) .P (3) (4) .P
a (a  b  c) a (a  b  c) (a  b  c)

20. For the reaction

A2(g) + 3B2 2C2(g)
the partial pressure of A2, B2 at equilibrium are 0.80 atm and 0.40 atm respectively. The pressure of the
system is 2.80 atm. The equilibrium constant Kp will be
(1) 50 (2) 5.0 (3) 0.02 (4) 0.2

21. The equilibrium constant, Kp for the reaction

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
is 4.0 atm–1 at 1000 K. What would be the partial pressure of O2 if at equilibrium the amount of SO2 and
SO3 is the same ?
(1) 16.0 atm (2) 0.25 atm (3) 1 atm (4) 0.75 atm

22. A sample of pure NO2 gas heated to 1000 K decomposes : 2NO2(g) 2NO(g) + O2(g). The
equilibrium constant KP is 100 atm. Analysis shows that the partial pressure of O2 is 0.25 atm. at
equilibrium. The partial pressure of NO2 at equilibrium is:
(1) 0.03 (2) 0.25 (3) 0.025 (4) 0.04

Section (C) : Reaction Quotient and Its applications

1. When two reactants, A & B are mixed to give products C & D, the reaction quotient Q, at the initial
stages of the reaction :
(1) is zero (2) decrease with time
(3) is independent of time (4) increases with time

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Chemical Equilibrium

2. The reaction quotient Q for

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
[NH3 ]2
is given by Q = . The reaction will proceed in backward direction, when
[N2 ][H2 ]3
(1) Q = KC (2) Q < KC (3) Q > KC (4) A = 0

3. A reaction mixture containing H2, N2 and NH3 has partial pressure 2 atm, 1 atm and 3 atm respectively
at 725 K. If the value of KP for the reaction, N2 + 3H2 2NH3 is 4.28  10–5 atm–2 at 725 K, in which
direction the net reaction will go :
(1) Forward (2) Backward
(3) No net reaction (4) Direction of reaction cannot be predicted

4. For the reaction,

2A + B 3C at 298 K, KC = 49
A 3L vessel contains 2, 1 and 3 moles of A, B and C respectively. The reaction at the same
temperature
(1) must proceed in forward direction
(2) must proceed in backward direction
(3) must be equilibrium
(4) can not be predicted

5. 2 mole each of SO3, CO, SO2 and CO2 is taken in a one lit. vessel. If KC for
SO3(g) + CO(g) SO2(g) + CO2(g) is 1/9 then
(1) total no. of moles at equilibrium are less than 8 (2) n(SO3) + n(CO2) = 4
(3) [n(SO2)/n(CO)] < 1 (4) both (2) and (3).

Section (D) : Degree of dissociation and vapour density

1. A3(g) 3A (g)
In the above reaction, the initial concentration of A 3 is "a" moles/lit. If x is degree of dissociation of A 3.
The total number of moles at equilibrium will be :
ax a  a  ax 
(1) a – (2) – ax (3)   (4) a + 2ax
3 3  2 

2. 4 moles of PCl5 are heated at constant temperature in closed container. If degree of dissociation for
PCl5 is 0.5 calculate total number of moles at equilibrium :
(1) 4.5 (2) 6 (3) 3 (4) 4

3. The dissociation of CO2 can be expressed as 2CO2 2CO + O2. If the 2 moles of CO2 is taken
initially and 40% of the CO2 is dissociated equilibrium then total number of moles at equilibrium :
(1) 2.4 (2) 2.0 (3) 1.2 (4) 5

4. In a 0.25 litre tube dissociation of 4 moles of NO is take place. If its degree of dissociation is 10%. The
value of Kp for reaction 2NO N2 + O2 is :
1 1 1 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
18  8
2 2
16 32

5. The degree of dissociation of SO3 is  at equilibrium pressure P0 .

Kp for 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) is
(1) [(P0 )/2(1 – ) ]
3 3
(2) [(P03)/(2+)(1 – )2]
(3) [(P02)/2(1 – )2] (4) None of these

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Chemical Equilibrium

6. For the dissociation reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g), the degree of dissociation () in terms of Kp and
total equilibrium pressure P is:    
4p  Kp Kp Kp
(1)   (2)   (3)   (4) None of these
Kp 4p  Kp 4p

7. The degree of dissociation of PCl5(g) obeying the equilibrium, PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 , is approximately
related to the presure at equilibrium by -
1 1 1
(1)  P (2)  (3) (4) 
P P2 P4

8. For the reaction AB(g) A(g)+ B(g) , AB is 33% dissociated at a total pressure of P. Therefore, P is
related to Kp by one of the following options
(1) P = Kp (2) P = 3Kp (3) P = 4Kp (4) P = 8Kp

9. Two sample of I II each of 5 gm. were taken seperately into vessels of volume 5 an 10 litres
respectively at 27ºC . The extent of dissociation of HI will be :
(1) More in 5 litre vessel (2) More in 10 litre vessel
(3) Equal in both vessel (4) None of these

10. What will be the amount of dissociation, if the volume is increased 16 times of initial volume in the
reaction
PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 ? (Assume dissociation is negligible)
1 1
(1) 4 (2) (3) 2 (4)
4 5

Dd
11. The equation  = correctly matched for :
(n  1)d
(1) A(g) (n/2)B(g) + (n/3)C(g) (2) A(g) (n/3)B(g) + (2n/3)C(g)
(3) A(g) (n/2)B(g) + (n/4)C(g) (4) A(g) (n/2)B(g) + C(g)

12. Consider the following hypothetical equilibrium

2B(g) B2(g)
If d is observed vapour density and D is theoretical vapour density, then degree of association () will
be
D – d 2D – d 2D 2D
(1)  = 2   (2)  = (3)  = 2 – (4)  =
 d  D d D–d

1
13. SO3(g) SO2(g) + O (g)
2 2
If observed vapour density of mixture at equilibrium is 35 then find out value of 
(1) 0.28 (2) 0.38 (3) 0.48 (4) 0.58

14. For equilibrium

N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
the observed vapour density of N2O4 is 40 at 350 K. Calculate percentage dissociation of N 2O4(g) at
350K.
(1) 15 (2) 30 (3) 92 (4) 46

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Chemical Equilibrium

Section (E) : Heterogeneous Equlibrium

1. How many of the following reactions are homogenous reversible reactions ?
(1) CH3COOH() + C2H5OH() CH3COOC2H5() + H2O()
(2) C(s) + CO2(g) CO(g) + H2O(g)
(3) H2(g) + CO2(g) CO(g) + H2O(g)
(4) CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g)
(5) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g)
(6) CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g)
(7) N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g)
(8) CO2(g) + C(s) 2CO(g)
(9) SO2(g) + NO2(g) SO3(g) + NO(g)
1
(10)NO(g) + Br2() 2NOBr(g)
2
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 6 (4) 7

2. On decomposition of NH4HS, the following equilibrium is established :

NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S (g)
If the total pressure is P atm, then the equilibrium constant KP is equal to
(1) P atm (2) P2 atm2 (3) P2 / 4 atm2 (4) 2P atm

3. For NH HS(s)
4
NH (g) + H S(g) reaction started only with NH HS(s), the observed pressure for
3 2 4

reaction mixture in equilibrium is 1.2 atm at 106°C. What is the value of K for the reaction ? p

(1) 1.44 atm 2

(2) 0.36 atm (3) 0.16 atm
2 2
(4) 3.6 atm 2

4. Partial pressure of CO is twice to the partial pressure of CO 2 at the equilibrium. If total pressure at
equlibriumis 12 atm. Then KP will be
C(s) + CO2(g) 2CO(g)
(1) 8 (2) 12 (3) 16 (4) 32

5. Some solid NH4HS is placed in a flask containing 0.5 atm of NH 3, what would be pressures of NH3 and
H2S when equilibrium is reached
NH4HS(S) NH3(g)+ H2S(g) , KP = 0.11
(1) 6.65 atm (2) 0.665 atm (3) 0.0665 atm (4) 66.5 atm

6. What is the minimum mass of CaCO3 (s), below which it decomposes completely, required to establish
equilibrium in a 6.50 litre container for the reaction :
CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g), KC = 0.05 mole/litre
(1) 32.5 g (2) 24.6 g (3) 40.9 g (4) 8.0 gm

Section (F) : Thermodynamics of Equilibrium

1. The correct relationship between free energy change in a reaction and the corresponding equilibrium
constant K is :
(1) – Go = RT ln K (2) G = RT ln K (3) – G = RT ln K (4) Go = RT ln K

2. In an equilibrium reaction for which G° = 0, the value of equilibrium constant K = is
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 2 (4) 10

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Chemical Equilibrium

3. The effect of temperature on equilibrium constant is expressed as (T 2 > T1)

H  1 1 
log K2 / logK1 =    . For endothermic reaction false statement is
2.303R  T2 T1 
 1 1
(1)    = positive (2) H = positive
 T2 T1 
(3) log K2 > log K1 (4) K2 > K1

4. For a reversible reaction aA + bB cC + dD ; the variation of K with temperature is given by

K2 Hº  1 1 
log =    then,
K1 2.303R  T2 T1 
(1) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(2) K2 < K1 if T2 > T1 for an endothermic change
(3) K2 > K1 if T2 > T1 for an exothermic change
(4) All are correct

5. The equilibrium constant for the reaction Br 2 2Br at 500 K and 700 K are 1  10–10 and 1  10–5
respectively. The reaction is :
(1) Endothermic (2) Exothermic (3) Fast (4) Slow

6. The standard state gibbs free energy change for the given isomerization reaction cis-2-pentene
trans-2-pentene is –3.62kJ/mol at 400 K. If more trans-2-pentene is added to the reaction vessel, then
(1) More cis-2-pentene is formed
(2) Equilibrium is shifted in the forward direction
(3) Equilibrium remains unaffected
(4) Additional trans-2-pentene is formed

7. An exothermic reaction is represented by the graph :    

(1) (2) (3) (4) None of these

8. An endothermic reaction is represented by the graph :    

(1) (2) (3) (4) None of these

Section (G) : Le-chatelier's principle

1. For the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) at a given temperature the equilibrium amount of
CO2 (g) can be increased by :
(1) adding a suitable catalyst (2) adding an inert gas
(3) decreasing the volume of container (4) increasing the amount of CO(g)

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Chemical Equilibrium

2. Given the following reaction at equilibrium N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). Some inert gas at constant
pressure is added to the system. Predict which of the following facts will be affected.
(1) More NH3(g) is produced (2) Less NH3(g) is produced
(3) No affect on the equilibrium (4) Kp of the reaction is decreased

3. Introduction of inert gas (at the same temperature) will affect the equilibrium if :
(1) volume is constant and ng  0 (2) pressure is constant and ng  0
(3) volume is constant and ng = 0 (4) pressure is constant and ng = 0

4. In the following reversible reaction

2SO2 + O2 2SO3 + Q cal
Most suitable condition for the higher production of SO 3 is
(1) High temperature and high pressure
(2) High temperature and low pressure
(3) Low temperature and high pressure
(4) Low temperature and low pressure

5. In the formation of SO3 by contact process (2SO2 + O2 2SO3 + Q cal) the conditions used are
(1) Catalyst, optimum temperature and higher concentration of reactants
(2) Catalyst, optimum temperature and lower concentration of reactants
(3) Catalyst, high temperature and higher concentration of reactants
(4) Catalyst, low temperature and lower concentration of reactants

6. Consider the reactions

(i) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(ii) N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
The addition of an inert gas at constant volume
(1) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(2) will reduce the dissociation of PCl5 as well as N2O4
(3) will increase the dissociation of PCl5 and step up the formation of NO2
(4) will not disturb the equilibrium of the reactions

7. Vapour density of equilibrium PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) is decreased by

(1) increasing temperature (2) decreasing volume
(3) increasing pressure (4) decreasing temperature

8. For the reaction : PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)

The backward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by
(1) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume (2) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(3) increasing the volume of the container (4) introducing PCl5 at constant volume

9. Which of the following reaction will shift in backward direction. When the respective change is made at
equilibrium:
(1) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) increase in pressure at eq.
(2) H2O(s) H2O() addition of inert gas at constant volume
(3) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) addition of inert gas at constant pressure
(4) CO2(g) + CaO(s) CaCO3 increase in temperature

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Chemical Equilibrium

10. If the volume of the reaction flask is reduced to half of its initial value and temperature is kept constant
then in which of the following cases the position of equilibrium will not shift ?
(1) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) (2) I2(g) 2I(g)
(3) NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g) (4) 2NOCl(g) 2NO(g) + Cl2(g)

11. The dissociation of phosgene, which occurs according to the reaction

COCl2 (g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)
Is an endothermic process. Which of the following will increase the degree of dissociation of COCl 2?
(1) Adding Cl2 to the system (2) Adding helium to the system at constant pressure
(3) Decreasing the temperature of the system (4) Increasing total pressure

1 1
12. For the reaction, N2(g) + O2(g) NO(g)
2 2
If pressure is increased by reducing the volume of the container then :
(1) Degree of dissociation at equilibrium will change.
(2) Concentration of all the component at equilibrium will change.
(3) Concentration of all the component at equilibrium will remain same
(4) Equilibrium will shift in the forward direction

13. At constant temperature, the equilibrium constant (KP) for the decomposition reaction N2O4 2NO2
2
(4x P)
is expressed by KP = , where P = pressure, x = extent of decomposition. Which one of the
(1  x 2 )
following statements is true ?
(1) KP increases with increase of P (2) KP increases with increase of x
(3) KP increases with decrease of x (4) KP remains constant with change in P and x

14. Consider the following equilibrium in a closed container

N2 O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)
At a fixed temperature, the volume of the reaction container is halved. For this change, which of the
following statements holds true regarding the equilibrium constant (K P) and degree of dissociation ()?
(1) neither KP nor  changes (2) both KP and  change
(3) KP changes, but  does not change (4) KP does not change but  changes

15. When hydrogen molecules decomposed into its atoms which conditions give maximum yield of
hydrogen atoms ?
(1) High temperature and low pressure (2) Low temperature and high pressure
(3) High temperature and high pressure (4) Low temperature and low pressure

Section (H) : Physical Equlibrium

1. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour at its boiling point . On the average the molecules in the two
phases have equal :
(1) inter molecular forces (2) potential energy
(3) kinetic energy (4) none of these .

2. Au(s) Au()
Above equilibrium is favoured at :
(1) High pressure low temperature (2) High pressure high temperature
(3) Low pressure, high temperature (4) Low pressure, low temperature

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Chemical Equilibrium

3. A gas 'X' when dissolved in water heat is evolved. Then solublity of 'X' will increase :
(1) Low pressure, high temperature (2) Low pressure, low temperature
(3) high pressure, high temperature (4) high pressure, low temperature

4. For an equilibrium H2O(s) H2O() which of the following statements is true.
(1) The pressure changes do not affect the equilibrium
(2) More of ice melts if pressure on the system is increased
(3) More of liquid freezes if pressure on the system is increased
(4) The degree of advancement of the reaction do not depend on pressure.

5. When the pressure is applied over system ice water what will happen
(1) More water will form (2) More ice will form
(3) There will be no effect over equilibrium (4) Water will decompose in H2 and O2

PART - I : ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE

1. Which of the following is incorrect about the chemical equilibrium ? 
(1) (G)T,P = 0
(2) Equilibrium constant is independent of initial concentration of reactants
(3) Achievment of equilibrium is an sponteneous process.
(4) Reaction stops at equilibrium

2. The equilibrium concentration of B that is [B] eq, for the reversible reaction A B can be evaluated by
the expression:
k
(1) KC[A]e–1 (2) f [A]e–1 (3) kfkb–1[A]e (4) kfkb[A]–1
kb

3. For a reaction N2 + 3H2 2NH3, the value of KC does not depends upon :
(a) Initial concentration of the reactants (b) Pressure (c) Temperature (d) Presence of catalyst
(1) Only c (2) a,b,c (3) a,b,d (4) a,b,c,d

4. The equilibrium constant for the reaction : H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) is 64. If the volume of the container
is reduced to one fourth of its original volume, the value of the equilibrium constant will be :
(1) 16 (2) 32 (3) 64 (4) 128

5. For N2 + 3H2 2NH3 equilibrium constant is K then equilibrium constant for 2N2 + 6H2 4NH3 :
K 1
(1) K (2) K2 (3) (4) +1
2 K
6. Equilibrium constant for following reactions respectively K1, K2 and K3
N2 + 3H2 2NH3 K1
N2 + O 2 2NO K2
1
H2 + O H2 O K3
2 2
5
2NH3 + O2 2NO + 3H2O K4
2
Which of the following relation is incorrect.
K  (K 3 )3 K 4  K1 K 2  (K 3 )3
(1) K1 = 2 (2) K4 = K1 × K2/(K3)3 (3) K2 = (4) K4 =
K4 (K 3 )3 K1

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Chemical Equilibrium

7. The yield of the product will be higher if the value of K for the reaction is
(1) 1 × 10–15 (2) 1 × 10–12 (3) 5 × 108 (4) 1 × 10–7

8. Which Oxide of Nitrogen is most stable

(1) 2NO2(g) N2(g) + 2O2(g) K = 6.7 × 1016 mol L–1
(2) 2 NO(g) N2(g) + O2(g) K = 2.2 × 1030
(3) 2 N2O5(g) 2N2(g) + 5O2(g) K = 1.2 × 1034 mol5 L–1
(4) 2N2O(g) 2N2(g) + 2O2(g) K = 3.5 × 1033 mol L–1

9. The equilibrium constant of the reaction SO 2(g) + ½O2(g) SO3(g) is 4 × 10–3 atm–1/2. The
equilibrium constant of the reaction 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) would be :
(1) 250 atm (2) 4 × 103 atm (3) 0.25 × 104 atm (4) 6.25 × 104 atm

10. For the reaction

CuSO4.5H2O(s) CuSO4.3H2O(s) + 2H2O(g)
Which one is correct representation :
(1) KP = PH2O 
2
(2) KC = [H2O]2 (3) KP = KC(RT)2 (4) All

11. The following pictures represents the equilibrium state for three different reactions of the type
A2 + X2 2AX ( X = B, C or D)

[A2 + B2 2AB] [A2 + C2 2AC]

[A2 + D2 2AD]
Which reaction has the largest equilibrium constant ?
(1) A2 + B2 2AB (2) A2 + C2 2AC
(3) A2 + D2 2AD (4) none of these

Kp
12. log + log RT = 0 is a relationship for the reaction :
Kc
(1) PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 (2) 2SO2 + O2 2SO3
(3) H2 + 2 2H (4) N2 + 3H2 2NH3

13. At 1000 K, the value of Kp for the reaction :

A(g) + 2B(g) 3C(g) + D(g) is 0.05 atmosphere. The value of KC in terms of R would be :
(1) 20000 R (2) 0.02 R (3) 5  10–5 R (4) 5  10–5  R–1
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Chemical Equilibrium

14. The KP/KC ratio for the reaction 4NH3(g) + 7O2(g) 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O (g), at 1270C is
(1) 0.0301 (2) 0.0831 (3) 1.0001 (4) 33.26

15. The figure show the change in concentration of species A and B as a fuctional of time . The equilibrium
constant KC for the reaction A(g) 2B (g) is :

(1) Kc > 1 (2) K < 1 (3) K = 1 (4) data insufficient

16. The equilibrium N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO (g) is estabilished in a reaction vessel of 2.5 L capacity. The
amounts of N2 and O2 taken at the start were respectively 2 moles and 4 moles. Half a mole of nitrogen
has been used up at equilibrium. The molar concentration of nitric oxide is :
(1) 0.2 (2) 0.4 (3) 0.6 (4) 0.1

17. In the reaction, N2 + O2 2NO, the moles/litre of N2, O2 and NO respectively 0.25, 0.05 and 1.0 at
equilibrium, the initial concentration of N2 and O2 will be respectively if initially only N2 and O2 are taken :
(1) 0.75 mol/litre, 0.55 mole/litre (2) 0.50 mole/litre, 0.75 mole/litre
(3) 0.25 mole/litre, 0.50 mole/ litre (4) 0.25 mole/litre, 1.0 mole/litre

18. 'a' moles of PCl5, undergoes, thermal dissociation as : PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2, the mole fraction of PCl3 at
equilibrium is 0.25 and the total pressure is 2.0 atmosphere. The partial pressure of Cl2 at equilibrium is :
(1) 2.5 (2) 1.0 (3) 0.5 (4) None

19. 2 mol of N2 is mixed with 6 mol of H2 in a closed vessel of 1L capacity. If 50% of N 2 is converted into
NH3 at equilibrium, the value of Kc for the reaction, N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) is
(1) 4/27 (2) 27/4 (3) 1/27 (4) 27

20. For the reaction, N2O5(g) 2NO2(g) + 1/2 O2(g), calculate the mole fraction of N2O5(g) decomposed
at a constant volume & temperature, if the initial pressure is 600 mm Hg & the pressure at any time is
960 mm Hg. Assume ideal gas behaviour.
(1) 0.4 (2) 0.5 (3) 0.2 (4) 0.8

21. For the reaction

A2(g) + 2B2 2C2(g)
the partial pressure of A2, B2 at equilibrium are 0.80 atm and 0.40 atm respectively. The pressure of the
system is 2.80 atm. The equilibrium constant Kp will be
(1) 20 (2) 5.0 (3) 0.02 (4) 0.2

22. A reaction mixture containing H 2, N2 and NH3 has partial pressure 2 atm, 1 atm and 3 atm respectively
at 725 K. If the value of KP for the reaction, N2 + 3H2 2NH3 is 4.28  10–5 atm–2 at 725 K, in which
direction the net reaction will go :
(1) Forward (2) Backward
(3) No net reaction (4) Direction of reaction cannot be predicted

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Chemical Equilibrium

23. At 445º C, Kc for the following reaction is 0.020.

2HI(g) H2(g) + I2(g)
A mixture of H2, I2 and HI in a vessel at 445º C has the following concentration :
[HI] = 2.0M, [H2] = 0.50M and [I2] = 0.10M. The statement that is true concerning the reaction quotient,
Qc is:
(1) Qc = Kc ; the system is at equilibrium
(2) Qc less than Kc ; more H2 and I2 will be produced
(3) Qc less than Kc ; more HI will be produced
(4) Qc is greater than Kc; more H2 and I2 will be produced

24. 5 moles of SO2 and 5 moles of O2 are allowed to react to form SO3 in a closed vessel. At the equilibrium
stage, 60% SO2 is used up. The total number of moles of SO2, O2 and SO3 in the vessel now is :
(1) 3.9 (2) 10.5 (3) 8.5 (4) 10.0

25. The extent of dissociation of PCl5 at a certain temperature is 20 % at one atm pressure . Calculate the
pressure at which this substance is half dissociated at the same temperature.
(1) 0.123 (2) 0.246 (3) 0.826 (4) 0.111

26. In a container equilibrium N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)

is attained at 25°C. The total equilibrium pressure in container is 380 torr. If equilibrium constant of
above equilibrium is 0.667 atm, then degree of dissociation of N2O4 at this temperature will be
1 1 2 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 2 3 4

27. The vapour density of N2O4 at a certain temperature is 30.67. The % dissociation of N 2O4 at this
temperature is :
(1) 50 (2) 20 (3) 70 (4) 10

28. Vapour density of PCl5 is 104.16 but when heated to 230°C its vapour density is reduced to 62.. The
degree of dissociation of PCl5 at this temperature will be :
(1) 6.8 % (2) 68% (3) 46% (4) 64%

29. For the reaction N2O4(g) 2NO2(g), if percentage dissociation of N2O4 are 20%, 45%, 65% & 80%,
then the sequence of observed vapour densities will be :
(1) d20 > d45 > d65 > d80 (2) d80 > d65 > d45 > d20 (3) d20 = d45 = d65 = d80 (4) (d20 = d45) > ( d65 = d80)

30. The degree of dissociation is 0.5 at 800 K and 2 atm for the gaseous reaction
PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2
Assuming ideal behaviour of all the gases.
Calculate the density of equilibrium mixture at 800 K and 2 atm.
(1) 4.232 g/L (2) 6.4 g/L (3) 8.4 g/L (4) 2.2 g/L

31. For the reaction C(s) + CO2(g) 2CO(g) the partial pressure of CO and CO 2 are 2.0 and 4.0 atm.
respectively at equilibrium. The KP for the reaction is :
(1) 0.5 (2) 4.0 (3) 8.0 (4) 1
32. In the reaction C(s) + CO2(g) 2CO(g), the equilibrium pressure is 12 atm. If 50% of CO2 reacts
then Kp will be :
(1) 12 atm (2) 16 atm (3) 20 atm (4) 24 atm

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Chemical Equilibrium

33. A 10 L container at 300 K contains CO2 gas at pressure of 0.2 atm and an excess solid CaO (neglect
the volume of solid CaO). The volume of container is now decreased by moving the movable piston
fitted in the container. What will be the maximum volume of container when pressure of CO 2 attains its
maximum value given that CaCO3 (s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) Kp = 0.800 atm
(1) 5 L (2) 2.5 L
(3) 1 L (4) The information is insufficient.

34. Calculate the partial pressure of carbon monoxide from the following data

CaCO3(s)   CaO (s) + CO2  , Kp = 8  10–2
CO2(g) + C(s) 2CO(g), Kp = 2
(1) 0.2 (2) 0.4 (3) 1.6 (4) 4

1
35. If standard heat of dissociation of PCl5 is 230 cal then slope of the graph of logk vs is :
T
(1) +50 (2) – 50 (3) 10 (4) None

36. Calculate Gº for conversion of oxygen to ozone 3/2 O 2(g)  O3(g) at 298 K, if Kp for this conversion is
2.47 × 10–29 ?
(1) 163 kJmol–1 (2) 2.4 × 102 kJmol–1 (3) 1.63 kJmol–1 (4) 2.38 × 106 kJmol–1

37. The standard free energy change of a reaction is Gº=–115 kJ at 298 K. Find log Kp (R = 8.314 JK–
1
mol–1)
(1) 20.16 (2) 2.303 (3) 2.016 (4) 13.83

38. The equilibrium, SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g) is attained at 25°C in a closed container and an inert
gas, helium, is introduced. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct.
(1) Concentrations of SO2, Cl2 and SO2Cl2 are changed
(2) No effect on equilibrium
(3) Concentration of SO2 is reduced
(4) Kp of reaction is increasing

39. A reaction in equilibrium is represented by the following equation –

2A(s) + 3B(g) 3C(g) + D(g) + O2 if the pressure on the system is reduced to half of its original value
(1) The amounts of C and D decreases (2) The amounts of C and D increases
(3) The amount of B and D decreases (4) All the amounts remain constant

40. Consider the following two equilibria simultaneously established in a rigid vessel at a particular
temperature:
NH2COONH4(s) 2NH3 (g) + CO2(g)
CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2 (g)
Now, on adding some amount of NH3 to the reaction vessel, the orignal equilibrium is disturbed and a
new equilibrium state is obtained. On comparing the following at the initial & final equilibrium states,
select the CORRECT statement (s) :
(1) Nothing can be said about the number of moles of CO 2 gas in reaction vessel.
(2) Nothing can be said about the number of moles of NH3 gas in reaction vessel.
(3) Number of moles of NH3 gas would have definitely increased.
(4) Number of moles of CaCO3 solid would have definitely decreased.

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Chemical Equilibrium

41. A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapour at its boiling point . On the average the molecules in the two
phases have equal :
(1) inter molecular forces (2) potential energy
(3) kinetic energy (4) none of these .

42. For the equilibrium reaction, H2O(l) H2O(g). What happens, if pressure is applied :
(1) More water evaporates (2) The boiling point of water is increased
(3) No effect on boiling point (4) None of the above

43. On cooling of following system at equilibrium CO2(s) CO2(g)

(1) There is no effect on the equilibrium state (2) More gas is formed
(3) More gas solidifies (4) None of above

PART - II : ASSERTION & REASONING

The following questions consist of two statements one labelled ASSERTION (A) and the another
labelled REASON (R). Select the correct answers to these questions from the codes given below :
(1) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(2) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
(3) A is true but R is false
(4) A and R are false

1. Assertion : For the reaction,

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g), Kp = Kc
Reason : Kp of all gases reactions is equal to Kc.

2. Assertion : A net reaction can occur only if a system is not at equilibrium.

Reason : All reversible reactions occur to reach a state of equilibrium.

3. Assertion : For the reaction, N2 + O2 2NO, increase in pressure at equilibrium has no effect on
the reaction.
Reason : moles of gaseous product – moles of gaseous reactant = 0.

4. Assertion : The reaction quotient , Q has the same form as the equilibrium constant K eq, and is
evaluated using any given concentrations of the species involved in the reaction, and not necessarily
equilibrium concentrations.
Reason : If the numerical value of Q is not the same as the value of equilibrium constant, a reaction will
occur.

5. Assertion : If the equation for a reaction is reversed, the equilibrium constant is inverted and if the
equation is multiplied by 2, the equilibrium constant is squared.
Reason : The numerical value of an equilibrium constant depends on the way the equation for the
reaction is written.

6. Assertion : Kp = Kc for all reactions.

Reason : At constant temperature, the pressure of the gas is not proportional to the concentration.

7. Assertion : A catalyst does not influences the values of equilibrium constant.

Reason : Catalysts influence the rate of both forward and backward reactions equally.

8. Assertion : For . If more Cl2 is added the equilibrium will shift in backward
direction hence equilibrium constant will decrease.
Reason : Addition of inert gas to the equilibrium mixture at constant volume, alter the equilibrium.

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Chemical Equilibrium

9. Assertion : For any chemical reaction at a particular temperature, the equilibrium constant is fixed and
is a characteristic property.
Reason : Equilibrium constant is independent of temperature.

10. Assertion : In the dissociation of PCl5 at constant pressure and temperature addition of helium at
equilibrium increases the dissociation of PCl5.
Reason : Helium removes Cl2 from the field of action.

PART - I : AIPMT QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS )

1. The chemical reaction : BaO2(s) BaO(s) + O2(g) :
H = + ve. In equilibrium condition, pressure of O2 depends upon : [AIPMT 2002]
(1) increase mass of BaO (2) increase mass of BaO2
(3) increase in temperature (4) increase mass of BaO2 and BaO both

2. The equilibrium constant (KC) for the reaction HA + B BH+ + A– is 100. If the rate constant for the
forward reaction is 105, then rate constant for the backward reaction is : [AIPMT 2002]
(1) 107 (2) 103 (3) 10–3 (4) 10–5

3. The reaction quotient (Q) for the reaction

[NH3 ]2
N2(g) + 3H2 2NH3(g) is given by Q =
[N2 ][H2 ]3
The reaction will proceed from right to left if [AIPMT 2003]
(1) Q = KC (2) Q < KC (3) Q > KC (4) Q = 0

4. The following equilibrium constant are given [AIPMT 2003,2007]

N2 + 3H2 2NH3 ; K1
N2 + O 2 2NO ; K2
1
H2 + O H2O ; K3
2 2
The equilibrium constant for the oxidation of NH3 by oxygen to give NO is :
(1) K1K2 / K3 (2) K2 K 33 / K1 (3) K2 K 32 /K1 (4) K 22 K3/ K1

5. In Haber process 30 litres of dihydroen and 30 litres of dinitrogen were taken for reaction which yielded
only 50% of the expected product. What will be the composition of gaseous mixture under the given
condition in the end : [AIPMT 2003]
(1) 20 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen
(2) 20 litres ammonia, 20 litres nitrogen, 20 litres hydrogen
(3) 10 litres ammonia, 25 litres nitrogen, 15 litres hydrogen
(4) 20 litres ammonia, 10 litres nitrogen, 30 litres hydrogen

6. Consider the following equilibrium in a closed container : [AIPMT 2003]

N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
At a fixed temperature, the volume of the reaction container is halved. For this change, which of the
following statements, holds true regarding the equilibrium constant (Kp) and degree of dissociation ()
(1) neither Kp nor  changes (2) both Kp and  change
(3) Kp changes but  does not change (4) Kp does not change but  changes

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Chemical Equilibrium

7. In the two gaseous reactions (i) and (ii) at 250ºC [AIPMT 1994, 2005]
1
(i) NO (g) + O (g) NO2 (g), K1
2 2
(ii) 2NO2 (g) 2NO (g) + O2 (g), K2
The equilibrium constants K1 and K2 are related as :
1 1
(1) K2 = (2) K2 = K11/2 (3) K2 = (4) K2 = K12
K1 K 21

8. For the reaction, CH4 + 2O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (), rH = – 170.8 kJ mol–1 [AIPMT 2006]
Which of the following statements is not true ?
(1) At equilibrium, the concentrations of CO2 (g) and H2O () are not equal.
[CO2 ]
(2) The equilibrium constant for the reaction is given by Kp =
[CH4 ] [O2 ]
(3) Addition of CH4 (g) or O2 (g) at equilibrium will cause a shift to the right.
(4) The reaction is exothermic.

9. The value of the equilibrium constant of the reaction

1 1
HI (g) H2(g) + I (g) is 8.0 [AIPMT 2008]
2 2 2
The equilibrium constant of the reaction
H2(g) + I2 (g) 2HI (g) will be
(1) 1/16 (2) 1/64 (3) 16 (4) 1/8
10. If concentration of OH– ions in the reaction
Fe(OH)3(s) Fe3+(aq) + 3OH–(aq) [AIPMT 2008]
1
is decreased by times, then equilibrium concentration of Fe3+ will increase by
4
(1) 8 times (2) 16 times (3) 64 times (4) 4 times

11. The value of K P1 and K P2 for the reactions [AIPMT 2008]

X Y+Z ...... (1)
and A 2B ...... (2)
are in the ratio of 9 : 1. If the degree of dissociation of X and A be equal, then total pressure at
equilibrium (1) and (2) are in the ratio
(1) 3 : 1 (2) 1 : 9 (3) 36 : 1 (4) 1 : 1
12. The dissociation equilibrium of a gas AB2 can be represented as
2AB2 (g) 2 AB(g) + B2 (g) [AIPMT 2008]
The degree of dissociation is ‘x’ and it is small compared to 1. The expression relating the degree of
dissociation (x) with equilibrium constant Kp and total pressure P is.
(1) (2 Kp/P) (2) 2Kp/P)1/3 (3) (2 Kp/P)1/2 (4) (Kp/P)

13. The dissociation constant for acetic acid and HCN at 25ºC are 1.5 × 10 –5 and 4.5 × 10–10, respectively.
The equilibrium constant for the equilibrium, CN– + CH3COOH HCN + CH2COO– [AIPMT 2009]
–5 –4
(1) 3.0 × 10 5
(2) 3.0 × 10 (3) 3.0 × 10 (4) 3.0 × 104

14. The reaction, 2A(g) + B(g) 3C(g) + D(g)

is begun with the concentrations of A and B both at an initial value of 1.00 M. When equilibrium is
reached, the concentration of D is measured and found to be 0.25 M. The value for the equilibrium
constant for this reaction is given by the expression : [AIPMT 2010]
(1) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(1.00) (1.00)]
3 2
(2) [(0.75) (0.25)] [(0.50) (0.75)]
3 2

(3) [(0.75)3 (0.25)] [(0.50)2 (0.25)] (4) [(0.75)3 (0.25)] [(0.75)2 (0.25)]

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Chemical Equilibrium

15. Match List I (Equations) with List II (Types of processes) and select the correct option. [AIPMT 2010]
List I List II
Equations Types of process
(a) Kp > Q (i) Non-spontaneous
(b) G° > – RT In Q (ii) Equilibrium
(c) Kp = Q (iii) Spontaneous and endothermic
H
(d) T> (iv) Spontaneous
S
(1) a - (i), b - (ii), c - (iii), d - (iv) (2) a - (iii), b - (iv), c - (ii), d - (i)
(3) a - (iv), (b -(i), c - (ii), d - (iii) (4) a - (ii), b - (i), c - (iv), d - (iii)

16. In which of the following equilibrium Kc and Kp are not equal? [AIPMT 2010]
(1) 2NO(g) N2(g) + O2(g) (2) SO2(g) + NO2(g) SO3(g) + NO(g)
(3) H2(g) + 2(g) 2H(g) (4) 2C(s) + O2(g) 2CO2(g)

17. For the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g), the equilibrium constant is K1. The equilibrium constant is
K2 for the reaction 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2(g). What is K for the reaction NO2(g) ½N2(g) +
O2(g) ?
(1) 1 / (2K1K2) (2) 1 / (4K1K2) (3) [1 / K1K2]½ (4) 1 / (K1K2) [AIPMT 2011]

18. Given the reaction between 2 gases represented by A2 and B2 to give the compound AB(g).
A2(g) + B2(g) 2 AB(g).
At equilibrium, the concentration
of A2 = 3.0 × 10–3 M
of B2= 4.2 × 10–3 M
of AB=2.8 × 10–3 M. [AIPMT 2012]
lf the reaction takes place in a sealed vessel at 527°C, then the value of K C will be :
(1) 2.0 (2) 1.9 (3) 0.62 (4) 4.5

19. For the reversible reaction : [AIPMT 2014]

N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) + heat
The equilibrium shifts in forward direction -
(1) by increasing the concentration of NH3(g)
(2) by decreasing the pressure
(3) by decreasing the concentrations of N2(g) and H2(g)
(4) by increasing pressure and decreasing temperature

20. For a given exothermic reaction, Kp and Kp’ are the equilibrium constants at temperatures T 1 and T2
respectively. Assuming that heat of reaction is constant in temperatures range between T 1 and T2, it is
readily observation that: [AIPMT 2014]

(1) Kp > Kp’ (2) Kp < Kp’ (3) Kp = Kp’ (4) Kp =
K P'

21. If the value of an equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 1.6×10 12 , then at equilibrium the
system will contain? [AIPMT 2015]
(1) mostly reactions. (2) mostly products
(3) similar amounts of reactants and products. (4) all reactants.

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Chemical Equilibrium

22. Which of the following statements is correct for a reversible process in a state of equilibrium ?
(1) G = 2.30 RT log K (2) G° = –2.30 RT log K [AIPMT 2015]
(3) G° = 2.30 RT log K (4) G = –2.30 RT log K

23. A 20 litre container at 400 K contains CO2(g) at pressure 0.4 atm and an excess of SrO neglect the
volume of solid SrO). The volume of the container is now decreased by moving the movable piston
fitted in the container. The maximum volume of the container, when pressure of CO 2 attains its
maximum value, will be : [NEET-2017]
(Given that : SrCO3(s) SrO(s) + CO2(g), Kp = 1.6 atm)
(1) 5 litre (2) 10 litre (3) 4 litre (4) 2 litre

24. The equilibrium constants of the following are : [NEET-2017]

N2 + 3H2 2 NH3 K1
N2 + O 2 2 NO K2
H2 + ½ O2   H2O K3
The equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction :
5 K
2NH3 + O2 2NO + 3 H2O, will be :
2
(1) K1 K33 /K2 (2) K2 K33 /K1 (3) K2 K3 /K1 (4) K32 K3/K1

25. Which of the following conditions will favour maximum formation of the product in the reaction
A2(g) + B2(g) X2(g) rH = –XkJ ? [NEET-2018]
(1) Low temperature and high pressure (2) High temperature and low pressure 
(3) High temperature and high pressure (4) Low temperature and low pressure

PART - II : AIIMS QUESTION (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. Of the following which change will shift the reaction towards the product ? [AIIMS 2004]
I2(s) 2I(g), H°r (298 K) = + 150 kJ
(1) Increase in concentration of I2 (2) Decrease in concentration of I2
(3) Increase in temperature (4) Increase in total pressure
2. For the chemical equilibrium, [AIIMS 2005]
CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g),
H° can be determined from which of the following plots ?

(1) (2)

(3) (4)

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Chemical Equilibrium

3. In which of the following reactions, the concentration of the product is higher than the concentration of
reactant at equilibrium ? (K = equilibrium constant) [AIIMS 2008]
(1) A B ; K = 0.001 (2) M N ; K = 10
(3) X Y ; K = 0.005 (4) R P ; K = 0.01

4. Assertion : For the reaction, N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)

–2
Unit of Kc = L mol .
2

Reason : For the reaction, N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3 (g)

2
[NH3 ]
Equilibrium constant, Kc = . [AIIMS 2008]
[N2 ] [H2 ]3
(1) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(2) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(3) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(4) If both assertion and reason are false.

5. Two moles of each reactant A and B are taken in a reaction flask. They react in the following manner,
A (g) + B (g) C (g) + D (g)
At equilibrium, it was found that the concentration of C is triple to that B. The equilibrium constant for
the reaction is : [AIIMS 2009]
1
(1) 4.5 (2) 6 (3) 9 (4)
6

6. Assertion : For the reaction, 2NO(g) + O2(g) 2NO2 (g)

increase in pressure favours the formation of NO2.
Reason : The reaction is exothermic.
(1) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(2) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(3) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(4) If both assertion and reason are false.

7. The following equilibria are given

(I) N2 + 3H2 2NH3; K1 (II) N2 + O2 2NO; K2 (III) H2 + O2 H2O; K3
The equilibrium constant for the reaction,
5
2NH3 + O 2NO + 3H2O
2 2
in terms of K1, K2 and K3 will be : [AIIMS 2010,2012]
2 3
K1K 2 K1K 3 K 2K 3
(1) K1K2K3 (2) (3) (4)
K3 K2 K1

8. Steam reacts with iron at high temperature to give hydrogen gas and Fe 3O4(s). The correct expression
for the equilibrium constant is [AIIMS 2013]
2 4 4
p H2 (PH2 ) (PH2 ) [Fe3 O4 ] [Fe3O4 ]
(1) 2
(2) 4
(3) 4
(4)
p H2 O (PH2 O ) (PH2O ) [Fe] [Fe]

9. Which of the following equilibria will shift to right side on increasing the temperature? [AIIMS 2014]
(1) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) (2) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
(3) H2O(g) ½O2(g) + H2(g) (4) 4HCl(g) + O2(g) 2Cl2(g) + 2H2O(g)

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Chemical Equilibrium

10. 'a' moles of PCl5 are heated in a closed container to equilibriate : [AIIMS 2015]
PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) at a pressure of p atm. If x moles of PCl5 dissociate at equilibrium, then :
1 1 1
x K  2
x Kp x  Kp  2
x  Kp  p  2

=  p = 
 K  p 
= 
 K 
(1) (2) = (3) (4)
a  p  a Kp  p a  p  a  p 

11. Consider the reaction equilibrium : [AIIMS 2015]

Ice Water  x kcal
 Greater volume  Lesserer volume 
The favourable conditions for forward reaction are :
(1) low temperature, high pressure and excess of ice
(2) low temperature, low pressure and excess of ice
(3) high temperature, low pressure and excess of ice
(4) high temperature, high pressure and excess of ice

12. One mole of a compound react with one mole of a compound CD according to the equation AB(g) +
CD(g) AD(g) + CB(g) : [AIIMS 2016]
when equilibrium had been established it was found that 3/4 mole each of reactants AB and CD had
been converted to AD and CB. There is no change in volume. The equilibrium constant for the reaction
is :
(1) 6/15 (2) 1/9 (3) 19/5 (4) 9

13. Density of equilibrium mixture of N2O4 and NO2 at 1 atm and 384 K is 1.84 g/dm 3. Equilibrium constant
of the following reaction is : [AIIMS 2016]
N2 O 4 2NO2
(1) 1.98 atm (2) 2.09 atm (3) 2.36 atm (4) 1.48 atm

14. Assertion : Additing inert gas to disociation equilibrium of N 2O4 at constant temperature and pressurei
ncreases the dissociation. [AIIMS 2016]
Reason : Due to the addition of inert gas molar concentration of reactants and products decreases.
(1) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(2) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(3) If Assertion is true but reason is false.
(4) If both assertion and reason are false.

15. For the reaction

H2(g) + CO2(g) CO(g) + H2O(g), If the initial concentration of [H2] = [CO2] and x mol/L of
hydrogen is consumed at equilibrium, the correct expression of kp is [AIIMS 2017]

(1)
x2
(2)
x2
(3)
x2
(4)
1  x 
2

1  x  2  x 1 – x3 1  x 
2 2 2

16. For the reaction, [AIIMS 2017]

A2(g) + 4B2(g) 2AB4(g), H < 0, the formation of AB4 will be favoured at
(1) Low temperature, high pressure (2) High temperature, low pressure
(3) Low temperature, low pressure (4) High temperature, high pressure

17. 2ICl  I2 + Cl2 KC = 0.14 [AIIMS 2018]

Initial concentration of ICl is 0.6 M
then equilibrium concentration of I2 is :
(1) 0.37M (2) 0.128 M (3) 0.224 M (4) 0.748 M
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Chemical Equilibrium

18. A+2B 2C K=? [AIIMS 2018]

2 mole each A and B present in 10 lt so that C form is 1 mole, Calculate KC
(1) 1.5 (2) 6.67 (3) 0.15 (4) 2.3

19. CaCO3(s)  CaO(s) + CO2(g) at const Temp, the pressure will increase if : [AIIMS 2018]
(1) Vol. of container increase (2) Temperature increases
(3) Concentration of CaO increases. (4) Concentration of CaCO3 increases.

PART - III : JEE (MAIN) / AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

1. Change in volume of the system does not alter the number of moles in which of the following
equilibriums : [AIEEE 2002, 3/225]
(1) N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g) (2) PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
(3) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) (4) SO2Cl2(g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g)

2. In which of the following reactions, increase in the volume at constant temperature don’t effect the
number of moles of at equilibrium : [AIEEE 2002, 3/225]
(1) 2NH3  N2 + 3H2 (2) C (g) + (1/2) O2 (g) CO (g)
(3) H2 (g) + O2 (g) H2O2 (g) (4) none of these.

3. Consider the reaction equilibrium

2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) ; H° = – 198 kJ.
On the basis of Le Chatelier’s principle, the condition favourable for the forward reaction is :
(1) lowering of temperature as well as pressure [AIEEE 2003, 3/225]
(2) increasing temperature as well as pressure
(3) lowering the temperature and increasing the pressure
(4) any value of temperature and pressure.

4. For the reaction equilibrium, N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g) the concentrations of N2O4 and NO2 at equilibrium
–2 –2 –1
are 4.8 × 10 and 1.2 × 10 mol L respectively. The value of Kc for the reaction is :
[AIEEE 2003, 3/225]
(1) 3.3 × 102 mol L–1 (2) 3 × 10–1 mol L–1 (3) 3 × 10–3 mol L–1 (4) 3 × 103 mol L–1
5. What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction
P4 (s) + 5O2 (g) P4 O10 (s) ? [AIEEE 2004, 3/225]
(1) KC = [P4O10]/[P4] [O2]5 (2) KC = 1/[O2]5
(3) KC = [O2]5 (4) KC = [P4O10] / 5[P4] [O2]

6. For the reaction, CO(g) + Cl2 (g) COCl2 (g) then Kp / Kc is equal to : [AIEEE 2004]
(1) 1/RT (2) 1.0 (3) RT (4) RT

7. The equilibrium constant for the reaction, N2 (g) + O2 (g) 2NO(g) at temperature T is 4 × 10–4 . The
value of Kc for the reaction, NO(g) N2 (g) + O2 (g) at the same temperature is :[AIEEE 2004, 2012]
(1) 2.5 × 10 2
(2) 0.02 (3) 4 × 10–4 (4) 50

8. For the reaction, 2NO2 (g) 2 NO(g) + O2 (g), [AIEEE 2005]

–6
(KC = 1.8 × 10 at 184°C)
(R = 0.0831 kJ/(mol.K))
When Kp and Kc are compared at 184°C it is found that
(1) Whether Kp is greater than, less than or equal to Kc depends upon the total gas pressure
(2) Kp = Kc
(3) Kp is less than Kc
(4) Kp is greater than Kc

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Chemical Equilibrium

9. The exothermic formation of ClF3 is represented by the equation : [AIEEE 2005]

Cl2 (g) + 3F2 (g) 2ClF3 (g) ; rH = – 329 J
which of the following will increase the quantity of ClF3 in an equilibrium mixture of Cl2 , F2 and ClF3.
(1) Adding F2 (2) Increasing the volume of container
(3) Removing Cl2 (4) Increasing the temperature

10. An amount of solid NH4HS is placed in a flask already containing ammonia gas at a certain temperature
at 0.50 atm pressure. Ammonium hydrogen sulphide decomposes to yield NH 3 and H2S gases in the
flask. When the decomposition reaction reaches equilibrium, the total pressure in the flask rises to 0.84
atm? The equilibrium constant for NH4HS decomposition at this temperature is : [AIEEE 2005]
(1) 0.11 (2) 0.17 (3) 0.18 (4) 0.30

11. Phosphorus pentachloride dissociates as follows in a closed reaction vessel.

PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g)
If total pressure at equilibrium of the reaction mixture is P and degree of dissociation of PCl 5 is x, the
partial pressure of PCl3 will be : [AIEEE 2006, 3/165]
 x   2x   x   x 
(1)   P (2)  P (3)  P (4)  P
 x  1  1– x   x  1  1– x 

1
12. The equilibrium constant for the reaction, SO3(g) SO2(g) +
O (g)
2 2
is KC = 4.9 × 10–2. The value of KC for the reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) will be :[AIEEE 2006, 3/165]
(1) 416 (2) 2.40 × 10–3 (3) 9.8 × 10–2 (4) 4.9 × 10–2

13. For the following three reactions a, b and c, equilibrium constants are given:
(A) CO(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + H2(g); K1
(B) CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO(g) + 3H2(g); K2
(C) CH4(g) + 2H2O(g) CO2(g) + 4H2(g); K3
Which of the following relations is correct ? [AIEEE 2008, 3/105]
(1) K2 K3 = K1 (2) K3 = K1K2 (3) K3 K2 = K1
3 2
(4) K1 K 2  K 3

14. The equilibrium constants K p and K p for the reactions X 2Y and Z P + Q, respectively are
1 2

in the ratio of 1 : 9. If the degree of dissociation of X and Z be equal then the ratio of total pressures at
these equilibria is [AIEEE 2008, 3/105]
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 1 : 3 (3) 1 : 9 (4) 1 : 36

15. If 10–4 dm3 of water is introduced into a 1.0 dm 3 flask at 300 K, how many moles of water are in the
vapour phase when equilibrium is established ? [AIEEE 2010, 4/144]
(Given : Vapour pressure of H2O at 300 K is 3170 Pa ; R= 8.314 J K–1 mol–1)
(1) 5.56 × 10–3 mol (2) 1.53 × 10–2 mol (3) 4.46 × 10–2 mol (4) 1.27 × 10–3 mol

16. A vessel at 1000 K contains CO2 with a pressure of 0.5 atm. Some of the CO2 is converted into CO on
the addition of graphite. If the total pressure at equilibrium is 0.8 atm, the value of K is:
[AIEEE 2011, 4/120]
(1) 1.8 atm (2) 3 atm (3) 0.3 atm (4) 0.18

1
17. For the reaction SO2(g)  O2(g) SO3(g) , if KP = KC(RT)x where the symbols have usual meaning
2
then the value of x is : (assuming ideality) [JEE(Main) 2014, 4/120]
1 1
(1) –1 (2) – (3) (4) 1
2 2
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18. The standard Gibbs energy change at 300 K for the reaction 2A B + C is 2494.2 J. At a given
1 1
time, the composition of the reaction mixture is [A] = , [B] = 2 and [C] = . The reaction proceeds in
2 2
the : [R = 8.314 J/K/mol, e = 2.718] [JEE(Main) 2015, 4/120]
(1) forward direction because Q > KC (2) reverse direction because Q > KC
(3) forward direction because Q < KC (4) reverse direction because Q < KC

19. The equilibrium constant at 298 K for a reaction A + B C + D is 100. If the initial concentration of
all the four species were 1 M each, then equilibrium concentration of D (in mol L–1) will be :
[JEE(Main) 2016, 4/120]
(1) 0.818 (2) 1.818 (3) 1.182 (4) 0.182

20. Which of the following lines correctly show the temperature dependence of equilibrium constant, K, for
an exothermic reaction ? [JEE(Main) 2018, 4/120]
ln K
A
1
B
(0, 0 ) T K 




 C

D
(1) C and D (2) A and D (3) A and B (4) B and C

21. Consider the following reversible chemical reactions : [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120]
K1
A2(g) + B2(g) 2AB(g) ……1)
K2
6AB(g) 3A2(g) + 3B2(g) ……(2)
The relation between K1 and K2 is :
1
(1) K1K2 = (2) K2 = K1–3 (3) K1K2 = 3 (4) K2 = K13
3

22. The values of KP/KC for the following reactions at 300 K are, respectively : (At 300 K, RT = 24.62 dm 3
atm mol–1) [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120]
N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g)
N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
(1) 1,4.1 × 10–2 dm–3
atm–1 mol, 606 dm6 atm2mol–2
(2) 1,24.62 dm atm mol–1, 1.65 × 10–3 dm–6 atm2mol–2
3 –1

(3) 24.62 dm3 atm mol–1 606.0 dm6 atm2 mol–2, 1.65 × 10–3 dm–6 atm–2 mol2
(4) 1,24.62 dm3 atm mol–1, 606.0 dm6 atm2mol–2

23. 5.1 g NH4SH is introduced in 3.0 L evacuated flask at 327°C. 30% of the solid NH 4SH decomposed to
NH3 and H2S as gases. The Kp of the reaction at 327°C is (R= 0.082 L atm mol–1K–1, molar mass of S =
32 g mol–1, molar mass of N= 14 g mol–1) [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120]
–3
(1) 4.9 × 10 atm 2 –4
(2) 0.242 × 10 atm 2 –4
(3) 1 × 10 atm 2 (4) 0.242 atm2

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Chemical Equilibrium

24 Consider the reaction, N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g). The equilibrium constant of the above reaction is
KP. If pure ammonia is left to dissociate, the partial pressure of ammonia at equilibrium is given by
(Assume that pNH  ptotal at equilibrium) [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120]
3

33 / 2 K1/
p P
2 2
33 / 2 K1/
p P
2 2
K1/
p P
2 2
K1/
p P
2 2
(1) (2) (3) (4)
16 4 4 16

K
25. In a chemical reaction, A + 2B 2C+D, the initial concentration of B was 1.5 times of the
concentration of A, but the equilibrium concentrations of A and B were found to be equal. The
equilibrium constant (K) for the aforesaid chemical reaction is : [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120]
1
(1) 16 (2) 1 (3) (4) 4
4

26. Two solids dissociate as follows [JEE(Main) 2019, 4/120

A(s) B(g) + C(g) ; K P1  x atm 2

D(s) C(g) + E(g) ; K P2  y atm2

The total pressure when both the solids dissociate simultaneously is :
(1) x  y atm (2) (x + y) atm (3) x2 + y2 atm 
(4) 2 x  y atm 

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Chemical Equilibrium

EXERCISE - 1
SECTION (A)

1. (2) 2. (1) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (2)

8. (2) 9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (1) 12. (3) 13. (1) 14. (4)

15. (2) 16. (3) 17. (3) 18. (3) 19. (3) 20. (4) 21. (1)

22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (2) 25. (2)

SECTION (B)

1. (1) 2. (1) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (1)

8. (4) 9. (4) 10. (2) 11. (2) 12. (1) 13. (3) 14. (3)

15. (2) 16. (1) 17. (4) 18. (1) 19. (3) 20. (1) 21. (2)

22. (3)

SECTION (C)

1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (1) 5. (4)

SECTION (D)

1. (4) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (2) 6. (2) 7. (2)

8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (3) 13. (1) 14. (1)

SECTION (E)

1. (2) 2. (3) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (1)

SECTION (F)

1. (1) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (1) 5. (1) 6. (1) 7. (3)

8. (2)

SECTION (G)

1. (4) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (3) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (1)

8. (1) 9. (4) 10. (1) 11. (2) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (4)

15. (1)

SECTION (H)

1. (3) 2. (3) 3. (4) 4. (2) 5. (1)

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Chemical Equilibrium

EXERCISE - 2
PART-I
1. (4) 2. (3) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (2) 7. (3)

8. (1) 9. (4) 10. (4) 11. (2) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (1)

15. (1) 16. (2) 17. (1) 18. (3) 19. (1) 20. (1) 21. (1)

22. (2) 23. (2) 24. (3) 25. (1) 26. (2) 27. (1) 28. (2)

29. (1) 30. (1) 31. (4) 32. (2) 33. (2) 34. (2) 35. (2)

36. (1) 37. (1) 38. (2) 39. (2) 40. (4) 41. (3) 42. (2)

43. (3)
PART-II
1. (3) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (2) 5. (1) 6. (4) 7. (1)

8. (4) 9. (3) 10. (3)

EXERCISE - 3
PART-I
1. (3) 2. (2) 3. (3) 4. (2) 5. (3) 6. (4) 7. (3)

8. (2) 9. (2) 10. (3) 11. (3) 12. (2) 13. (4) 14. (2)

15. (3) 16. (4) 17. (3) 18. (3) 19. (4) 20. (1) 21. (2)

22. (2) 23. (1) 24. (2) 25. (1)

PART-II
1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (2) 4. (1) 5. (3) 6. (2) 7. (4)

8. (2) 9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (4) 12. (4) 13. (2) 14. (1)

15. (1) 16. (1) 17. (2) 18. (2) 19. (2)

PART-III
1. (1) 2. (4) 3. (3) 4. (3) 5. (2) 6. (1) 7. (4)

8. (4) 9. (1) 10. (1) 11. (1) 12. (1) 13. (2) 14. (4)

15. (4) 16. (1) 17. (2) 18. (2) 19. (2) 20. (3) 21. (2)

22. (2) 23. (4) 24 (1) 25. (4) 26. (4)

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