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Assignment Unit-4,5,6

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15 views

Assignment Unit-4,5,6

yes

Uploaded by

shivaavenger13
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT

THERMAL SYSTEM
UNIT-4,5,& 6
1. What are the types of nozzles? Explain with neat diagrams.
2. Derive an equation for discharge through the nozzle.
3. Define critical velocity, and critical pressure ratio.
4. What are the effects of supersaturation flow?
5. convergent-divergent nozzle receives steam at 7 bar and 200°C and expands it
isotopically to 3 bar. Neglect the inlet velocity, and calculate the exit area required for
a mass flow rate of 0.1 kg/s
(a) when flow is in equilibrium throughout,
(b) when the flow is supersaturated with pv1.3 = constant.
6. Calculate the throat and exit diameters mof a convergent–divergent nozzle, which will
discharge 820 kg of steam per hour at a pressure of 8 bar superheated to 220°C into a
chamber having a pressure of 1.5 bar. The friction loss in the divergent portion of the
nozzle may be taken as 0.15 of the isentropic enthalpy drop.
7. Distinguish between impulse and reaction turbines.
8. Draw the velocity-triangle diagram for an impulse turbine blades and derive the
expressions for work done and axial thrust.
9. The steam expands isentropically in a simple impulse turbine from 12 bar, 250°C with
an enthalpy of 2935 kJ/kg to an enthalpy of 2584 kJ/kg at 0.1 bar. The nozzle makes
20° with blade motion and the blades are symmetrical. Calculate the blade velocity that
produces maximum efficiency for a turbine speed of 3600 rpm. Assume that the steam
enters the nozzle with negligible velocity.
10. The steam leaves the nozzles of a single-row impulse turbine at 900 m/s. The nozzle
angle is 20° and blade angles are 30° at inlet and outlet. Calculate the blade velocity
and work done per kg of steam. Assume the flow over the blade is frictionless.
11. Why are steam turbines compounded? Explain. Describe the various methods of
compounding in an impulse turbine.
12. Write the function and applications of the condenser. Classify the steam condenser.
13. Why does a barometric jet condenser not require a water-extraction pump? Explain.
14. Differentiate between jet and surface condensers.
15. Explain the principle of working of a following condensers
(a) Surface condenser.
(b) Shell-and-tube type surface condenser.
(c) Evaporative condenser.

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