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8051 Microcontroller Pin Diagram

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cabdullaahi sheekh yaxye
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20 views

8051 Microcontroller Pin Diagram

Uploaded by

cabdullaahi sheekh yaxye
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pin Diagram of 8051 Microcontroller

Pins for Power Supply


- Pin 40 (Vcc): Provides the power supply to the microcontroller. The typical voltage is
+5V.
- Pin 20 (GND): Ground pin, connected to 0V.

Pins for Oscillator/Clock


- Pin 18 (XTAL2) and Pin 19 (XTAL1):
- These pins are connected to an external quartz crystal oscillator to provide the clock
signal for the microcontroller.
- The frequency is typically 11.0592 MHz for standard applications.

Input/Output Ports
The 8051 has 4 parallel I/O ports (P0, P1, P2, P3), each with 8 pins, making a total of 32
I/O lines.

- Port 0 (Pins 32-39):


- Dual-purpose pins: Used as a general-purpose I/O port or as a multiplexed low-order
address and data bus during external memory access.
- Requires external pull-up resistors when used as I/O pins.

- Port 1 (Pins 1-8):


- Purely for general-purpose input/output.
- Does not require external pull-up resistors.

- Port 2 (Pins 21-28):


- Dual-purpose pins: Used as a general-purpose I/O port or as a high-order address bus
during external memory access.

- Port 3 (Pins 10-17):


- Multi-functional pins with specific alternate functions:
- P3.0 (Pin 10): RXD (Serial Input)
- P3.1 (Pin 11): TXD (Serial Output)
- P3.2 (Pin 12): INT0 (External Interrupt 0)
- P3.3 (Pin 13): INT1 (External Interrupt 1)
- P3.4 (Pin 14): T0 (Timer 0 Input)
- P3.5 (Pin 15): T1 (Timer 1 Input)
- P3.6 (Pin 16): WR (Write Control for External Memory)
- P3.7 (Pin 17): RD (Read Control for External Memory)

Control Pins
- Pin 9 (RST):
- Reset input. A high pulse on this pin resets the microcontroller and restarts program
execution.

- Pin 29 (PSEN - Program Store Enable):


- Used to enable external program memory. It is active-low.

- Pin 30 (ALE - Address Latch Enable):


- Used to demultiplex the address/data bus in case of external memory access.

- Pin 31 (EA - External Access Enable):


- When connected to GND, the microcontroller fetches code from external memory.
- When connected to Vcc, it uses the internal memory.

Pin Diagram Summary


Pin Symbol Function
1-8 P1.0-P1.7 Port 1: General-purpose
I/O pins
9 RST Reset: Resets the
microcontroller
10-17 P3.0-P3.7 Port 3: I/O or alternate
functions (UART, Timer,
etc.)
18, 19 XTAL2, XTAL1 Oscillator pins for external
crystal
20 GND Ground
21-28 P2.0-P2.7 Port 2: I/O or high-order
address bus
29 PSEN Program Store Enable for
external memory access
30 ALE Address Latch Enable
31 EA External Access Enable
32-39 P0.0-P0.7 Port 0: I/O or multiplexed
low-order address/data bus
40 Vcc Power supply (+5V)

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