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Reviewer in Science 5

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Shirley Eduarte
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18 views2 pages

Reviewer in Science 5

Uploaded by

Shirley Eduarte
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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REVIEWER IN SCIENCE 5

An estuary is a place where the freshwater from the river mixes with the salt-water
from the sea. Biotic factors are the living components in an ecosystem. These include all the
plants, animals, and microorganisms found in estuaries such as mangrove trees, migratory
birds, and small fishes. Abiotic factors, on the other hand, are non-living components in the
ecosystem. These are the factors that affect organisms in estuaries. These include waves,
salinity, temperature, amount of sunlight, and type of soil.
Estuary consists of Biotic Factors (Living Components) & Abiotic Factors (Non-living
Components)
Biotic and Abiotic Factors in an Estuary
 Waves refer to the movement of the surface of the water. These are strong forces that
organisms must learn to live with. An example of these organisms is the kelp, a kind of
algae, which has strong root-like structures that attach themselves to rocks to keep it
from being carried away by the waves.
 Salinity refers to the amount of salt in water. The combination of seawater and
freshwater in estuaries is called brackish water. Mangroves and blue crabs have
adjusted well to the constantly changing salinity of water due to the nonstop flow of
freshwater and saltwater through the estuary.
 Temperature refers to the level of hotness and coldness of the water. Temperature
differs because of the tides and the amount of sunlight. Some organisms use plants like
mangroves to keep themselves concealed from direct sunlight or away from the
coldness of the water.
 Since estuaries are shallow as compared to the seas, they are conducive for
photosynthesis to take place. Algae, seaweeds, seagrasses, and other marine plants
depend on the amount of sunlight that they receive in the estuaries.
 The type of soil varies in the estuaries depending on the strength of waves and the
kinds of rocks present in the area. Some areas are full of rocks, sand, pebbles, or clay.
The topsoil layer found in an estuary is composed mostly of peat or salt crust. Salt can
be found within the soil which can be acidic, posing problems to the survival of plant
life.

Activity 2 Directions: Write True if the statement conveys correct information and
False if not. Write the answers on your answer sheet.
___________1. Biotic factors are the non-living factors in the environment.
___________2. Plants and animals need abiotic factors in order to survive.
___________3. Mangroves provide shelter to marine organisms.
___________4. Sharks, dolphins, and other big fishes may also be found visiting in estuaries.
___________5. Migratory birds would stay in estuaries because of the availability of food in the
area.
Intertidal zones are areas that are constantly exposed to the changing tides. They provide
homes to many kinds of plants and animals
The intertidal zone, which is also known as the foreshore or seashore, is the area that is above
water level at low tide and underwater at high tide.
ACTIVITY 1- Directions: Write true if the statement is correct and false if the
statement is wrong. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
__________________1. The intertidal zone is known as the area where land meets the sea,
between high and low tide zones.
__________________2. All plants and animals can survive in too much salty water.
__________________3. The temperature in an intertidal zone changes because of the tides and
the amount of sunlight.
_________________ 4. The different types of soil in an intertidal zone have an effect on the kind
of living organisms that lives on it.
_________________5. Intertidal zones are covered with water during low tide.
Intertidal zone is an area in the estuary which is covered with water during high tide and
exposed to air at low tide. There are organisms that live in different habitats or areas found in
intertidal zones.
Coral reefs provide shelter to thousands of fish. The corals themselves are animals that feed
on plankton. These corals form reefs that protect the coast from strong waves and currents.
Salt marshes are areas that are filled with seawater during high tides and drained during low
tides. Organisms found in salt marshes are clams, mussels, oysters, crabs, snails, and
shrimps. Plants found in salt marshes are sea grasses and other plants that are tolerant of
saltwater.
Mud flats or tidal flats are areas where mud from the seas or rivers is deposited. They are
usually the areas for migratory birds, crabs, sand dollars, mussels, clams, mollusks, shellfish,
and some fish. Algae, like sea lettuce, provide food for the herbivores in this area.
Rocky shores are areas where solid rocks are found. Animals found in the rocky shores are
plankton, brittle stars, sea stars, hermit crab, barnacles, limpets, mollusks, periwinkle, shore
crabs, shrimp, and prawns. Mangrove forests are areas that are filled with mangrove trees.
These trees have adapted to saltwater.
Mangrove forests are breeding grounds for different kinds of fish and shellfish. Like
estuaries, abiotic factors such as waves, salinity, amount of sunlight, temperature, and type of
soi l affect the organisms in intertidal zones.

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