ELECTRICITY

MCQ’S

Q. When a 4 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there is a current of 100 mA in

the circuit. The value of the resistance of the resister is:

(a) 4Ω (b) 40Ω (c) 400Ω (d) 0.4Ω

Q. Unit of electric power may also be expressed as:

(a) volt-ampere (b) kilowatt-hour (c) watt-second (d) joule-second

Q. Consider the following network of six identical resistors. If the equivalent resistance of this
network between A and B, B and C, and A and C are RAB, RBC and RAC respectively then which of
the following relations is correct?

(a) RAB = RBC > RAC

(b) RAC= RBC > RAB

(c) RAB= RBC = RAC

(d) RBC > RAC > RAB

Q. The power dissipation in this circuit would be 150 W, if the value of R is

(a) 4Ω (b) 6 Ω (c) 8 Ω (d) 12 Ω

Q. An ohmic conductor of circular cross-section has a resistance R. If it is melted and recast to

half of its length with rectangular cross-section, its new resistance will be

(a) 2R (b) R (c) R/2 (d) R/4

Q. Consider the following three circuits in which a cell, a resistor, a key and an ammeter are
arranged as shown. The current recorded by the ammeter will be
(a) Maximum in A

(b) Minimum in B

(c) Maximum in C

(d) Same in all the cases

Q. In the given circuits A, B and C, the heat produced in the resistor or combination of resistors
connected to a 12V battery will be

(a) Minimum in A. (b) Maximum in B. (c) Maximum in C. (d) the same in all.

Q. In an electrical circuit three incandescent bulbs A, B and C of rating 40W, 60W and 100W
respectively are connected in parallel to an electric source. Which of the following is likely to
happen regarding their brightness?

(a) Brightness of all the bulbs will be the same.

(b) Brightness of bulb A will be the maximum.

(c) Brightness of bulb B will be more than that of A.

(d) Brightness of bulb C will be less than that of B.

Q. In the adjoining circuit, the reading of the ammeter is

(a) 0.25 A (b) 0.5 A (c) 1.0 A (d) 2.0 A

Q. Questions (a) – (d) are based on the given table, circuit diagram and the related studied
concepts. Analyse the table and circuit diagram to answer the questions that follow.
Table: Resistivities of some substances (at 20o C)

SUBSTANCE RESISTIVITY

Copper 1.68 × 10-8 Ωm

Mercury 94.0 × 10-8 Ωm

Iron 6.84 × 10-8 Ωm

Nichrome 110 × 10-8 Ωm

Paper (Dry) 1012 10-8 Ωm

Nickel 6.84 × 10-8 Ωm

(a) The resistivity of which substance given in the table is best suited for making wires for the
transmission of electricity in the given circuit?

(b) Which type of circuit is represented in the above circuit diagram?

(i) Series Circuit (ii) Parallel Circuit (iii) Simple Circuit (iv) Both (i) and (ii)

(c) Which of the following substances is attracted by magnet?

(i) Nickel (ii) Mercury (iii) Copper (iv) Paper

(d) How much current is flowing through the electrical circuit given above.

Q. Identify the circuit in which the electrical components have been properly connected.
Q. What is the minimum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1/5Ω?

(a) 1/5Ω (b) 1/25Ω (c) 1/10Ω (d) 25Ω

Q. Six identical resistors of 10 Ω each are connected to form the sides of a hexagon ABCDEF.

The resistance offered by this hexagon when the current enters B and leaves at E would be

(a) 60 Ω (b) 30 Ω (c)15 Ω (d)12 Ω

Q. The resistance of a cylindrical ohmic conductor of uniform radius r and length l is x. The
resistance of another conductor of same shape, same material but of radius 2r and length 2l
would be

(a) 4x (b) 2x (c) x/2 (d) x/4

List the factors on which the resistance of a conductor in the shape of a wire depends.

ASSERTION AND REASONING

For questions, two statements are given – one labelled Assertion(A) and the other labelled
Reason(R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d)
as given below.

(a)Both A and R are true, and R is correct explanation of the assertion.

(b)Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.

(c) A is true but R is false.

(d) A false but R is true.

Q. Assertion: A fuse wire is always connected in parallel with the main line.

Reason: If a current larger than the specified value flows through the circuit, the fuse wire
melts.

Q. Assertion: When two long parallel straight conductors hanging freely are connected in
parallel to a powerful battery, they come near to each other.

Reason: Conductors carrying current in same direction attract each other.

Q. Assertion: Tungsten is used almost exclusively for filaments of electric bulbs.

Reason: The resistivity of tungsten is low, and it does not vaporise at high temperatures.

Q. Assertion: The material of fuse wire should have high resistivity and low melting point.

Reason: Electric fuses are used for currents of low values.

Q. Assertion: A fuse wire is always connected in series with the main line.

Reason: If a current larger than the specified fuse rating flows through the circuit the fuse wire
melts.

Q. Assertion: The electric bulbs are usually filled with nitrogen and argon gases to prolong the
life of the filament.

Reason: Nitrogen and argon are chemically inert gases.

Q. Assertion: When the shape of an ohmic conductor is changed its resistance changes but the
resistivity remains the same.

Reason: Resistivity is the basic property of a material whereas resistance depends upon the
dimensions of the conductor.

Q. Assertion: In domestic circuits all the electrical appliances like bulbs, fans, sockets, etc. are
connected in parallel across the live wire and neutral wire.

Reason: In parallel connections, if one of the appliances is switched off or gets fused, the other
appliances keep on operating.

Q. Assertion: If an ohmic conductor is stretched to four times its length, its resistance become
sixteen times.

Reason: Resistance of an ohmic conductor is directly proportional to its length.

QUESTIONS

Q. Suppose your parents have constructed a house with two rooms and you want that in living
room, there should be a provision of one electric bulb, one electric fan, a refrigerator and a plug
point for appliances of power up to 2 kilowatts. Draw a circuit diagram showing electric fuse and
earthing as safety devices.

Q. (a) Consider a conductor of resistance ‘R’, length ‘L’, thickness ‘d’ and resistivity ‘ρ’. Now this
conductor is cut into four equal parts. What will be the new resistivity of each of these parts?
Why?

(b) Find the resistance if all these parts are connected in:

(i) Parallel (ii) Series

(c) Out of the combinations of resistors mentioned above, for a given voltage, which
combination will consume more power and why?

Q. What is meant by the term overloading of an electrical circuit? Explain two possible causes
due to which overloading may occur in household circuits. State one preventive measure that
should be taken to avoid the overloading of domestic electric circuits.

Q. (a) Calculate the resistance of the wire using the graph.

(b) How many 176 Ω resistors in parallel are required to carry 5A on a 220V line?

(c) Define electric power. Derive relation between power, potential difference and resistance.
Q. (a) Two identical resistors each of resistance 10 Ω are connected in (i)Series and (ii)Parallel to
a 6V battery. Calculate the ratio of power consumed in the combination of resistors in two
cases.

(b) Draw the circuit diagram of the two cases.

Q. Explain the function of fuse in a domestic electric circuit. An electric oven having power
rating 2000 W, 220 V is used in an electric circuit, having fuse of a 5 A rating. What is likely to
happen when the oven is switched on? Explain.

Q. What is the role of fuse used in series with an electrical appliance? Why should a fuse with
defined rating not be replaced by one with a larger rating?

Q. Find out the following in the electric circuit given in the figure.

(a) Effective resistance of two 8 Ω resistors in the combination.

(b) Current flowing through 4 Ω resistor.

(c) Power dissipated in 4 Ω resistor.

(d) Difference in ammeter readings, if any?

Q. (a) What is the function of earth wire in electrical instruments.

(b) Explain what short circuiting in an electric supply is.

(c) What is the usual current rating of the fuse wire in the line to feed

(i) Lights and Fans (ii) Appliances of 2Kw or more power.

Q. (a) Derive an expression for the equivalent resistance of three resistors R1, R2 and R3
connected in series.

(b) Fuse of 3 A, 5 A and 10 A are available. Calculate and select the fuse for operating an electric
iron of 1kW power at 220V line.

Q. State Ohm’s law. With the help of a labelled circuit diagram explain the methods of its
experimental verification. Draw V-I graph and describe the method of determining the
resistance of a resistor using this graph.

Q. (a) Define electric power. A device of resistance R is connected across a source of voltage V
and draws a current I. Derive an expression for power in terms of current and resistance.

(b) An electric bulb is connected to a 200V generator. The current is 0.5 A. What is power of the
bulb.
Q. What is Joule’s heating effect? How can it be demonstrated experimentally? List its four
applications in daily life.

Q. Draw a diagram of an electric circuit containing a cell, a key, an ammeter, a resistor of 2 Ω in

series with a combination of two resistors (4 Ω each) in parallel and a voltmeter across the
parallel combination. Will the potential difference across the 2 Ω resistor be the same as that
across the parallel combination of 4 Ω resistors? Give reasons.

Q. Three resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in parallel, and the combination is connected to
a battery, an ammeter, a voltmeter and a key. Draw the circuit diagram. Obtain an expression for
the effective resistance of the combination of resistors in parallel.

Q. Two identical resistors of 7 Ω each are connected to a battery of 6 V. Calculate the ratio of the
powers consumed by the resulting combinations with minimum resistance and maximum
resistance.

Q. Draw a circuit diagram of an electric circuit containing a cell, key, an ammeter, a resistor of
4Ω in series with a combination of two resistors (8 Ω each) in parallel and a voltmeter across in
the parallel combination. Each of them dissipates maximum energy and can withstand a
maximum power of 16W without melting. Find the maximum current that can flow through the
three resistors.

Q. Consider the given circuit diagram and answer the following questions.

(a) How much current will flow through the ammeters A1 and A2 on closing the key?

(b) Out of the two ammeters A1 and A2, which one will show a higher reading and why?

Q. An electric lamp of 100 Ω, a toaster of resistance 50 Ω and a water filter of resistance 500 Ω
are connected in a parallel to a 220 V source. What is the resistance of an electric iron
connected to the same source that takes as much current as all three appliances, and what is
the current through it?

Q. Write one advantage of connecting electrical appliances in parallel instead of in series. How
would you join three resistors of 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω to get an equivalent resistance of
(a) 1 Ω (b) 4Ω?

Q. An electric lamp of 20 Ω resistance and a resistor of 4 Ω are joined in series to a battery of 6V.
Calculate

(a) the total resistance of the circuit

(b) the current drawn from the battery

(c) the potential difference across the lamp

Q. Define electric current. Give the SI unit. How is electric current related to the potential
difference across the terminals of a conductor.
Q. Write the relationship between electrical resistivity and electrical resistance of a resistor of
length l and area of cross section A. Define the term resistivity of a material and also derive its SI
unit. The resistance of a metal wire of length 1m is 20Ω. If the diameter of the wire is 0.35 mm,
calculate the resistivity of the metal.

Q. Two resistors of 5Ω each and a resistor R of unknown value are connected in series across a
battery of 10V. If the voltage drop across the resistor R is 5V, find

(a) the potential difference across 5Ω resistor.

(b) the current through R.

(c) the equivalent resistance of the circuit.

(d) the heat produced R in 10s.

Q. Explain the importance of the provision two different rages of currents in our domestic
circuits. State the values of the ampere ratings commonly used in domestic circuits for

(a) Higher power appliances and (b) bulbs, fans, etc.

Q. (a) What is electric power? Name and define the commercial unit of electrical energy. Derive
its relation with 1 joule.

(b) Fifty (50) LED bulbs of 8 W each are used in an office on every working day for 10 hours. If
there are, on an average, 20 working days in a month, calculate the monthly cost of electricity
consumed in the office if the cost per unit of electricity consumed is as follows:

UNITS ₹

1 – 50 6

More than 50 9

Q. (a) What is heating effect of electric current? Derive an expression for the amount of heat
produced in an electric conductor of resistance R when an electric current flows through it for a
time t.

(b) A torch bulb is rated 3V; 2W. Calculate (a) its resistance and (b) the energy consumed if this
bulb glows for 10 hours.

Q. (a) What is meant by potential difference? Name and define its SI unit.

(b) Name a device that helps in maintaining a potential difference across a conductor. How is
this potential difference measured?

(c) How would you join three resistors of 5 Ω, 10 Ω and 30 Ω in an electric circuit so that the
combination offers a resistance of (a) 3 Ω and, (b) 10 Ω?

Q. State Ohm’s law. How can it be verified experimentally? Does it hold good under all
conditions? Comment.

Q. (a) Electric fuse is an important component of all domestic circuits. Why?

(b) You want to operate an air conditioner of rating 2kW; 220 V in an electric circuit in which 5
bulbs of 60W; 220 V rating each; are already operating. What should be the minimum current
rating of the fuse from the safety point of view? Justify your answer.

Q. Draw circuit diagram to show series and parallel combinations of three resistors R1, R2 and
R3 connected to a battery B, an ammeter A, a voltmeter V, a rheostat Rh and a key K. List three
salient features of each of these combinations.