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Lecture 1

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Lecture 1

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IHABALY
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Simulation and Modeling

Lecture #1
Introduction
By
Ihab Ali, Ph.D., SMIEEE
Professor of Networks and Security
Helwan University
Text Book
• Averill M. Law, Simulation Modeling and Analysis, 5th edition, McGraw-Hill Education.
• Focus on chapters: 1-2-4.4-4.5-5-7-9-11.
• Other Chapters are based on time availability.
SYSTEMS, MODELS, AND SIMULATION

• A discrete system is one for which the state variables change instantaneously at separated points in time.
• A continuous system is one for which the state variables change continuously with respect to time.
• Experiment with the Actual System vs. Experiment with a Model of the System.
• Physical Model vs. Mathematical Model.
• Analytical Solution vs. Simulation.
• Static vs. Dynamic Simulation Models.
• Deterministic vs. Stochastic Simulation Models.
• Continuous vs. Discrete Simulation Models.
SYSTEMS, MODELS, AND SIMULATION
DISCRETE-EVENT SIMULATION
Components and Organization of a Discrete-Event Simulation Model

• System state: The collection of state variables necessary to describe the system at a
particular time.
• Simulation clock: A variable giving the current value of simulated time.
• Event list: A list containing the next time when each type of event will occur.
• Statistical counters: Variables used for storing statistical information about system
performance.
• Initialization routine: A subprogram to initialize the simulation model at time 0.
• Timing routine: A subprogram that determines the next event from the event list
and then advances the simulation clock to the time when that event is to occur.
Components and Organization of a Discrete-Event Simulation Model

• Event routine: A subprogram that updates the system state when a


particular type of event occurs (there is one event routine for each
event type).

• Library routines: A set of subprograms used to generate random


observations from probability distributions that were determined as
part of the simulation model.
Components and Organization of a Discrete-Event Simulation Model

• Report generator: A subprogram that computes estimates (from the


statistical counters) of the desired measures of performance and
produces a report when the simulation ends.

• Main program: A subprogram that invokes the timing routine to


determine the next event and then transfers control to the
corresponding event routine to update the system state appropriately.
The main program may also check for termination and invoke the
report generator when the simulation is over.
Practical Activity: MaRS Programmer’s Manual
Practical Activity: MaRS Programmer’s Manual
Practical Activity: MaRS Programmer’s Manual
Practical Activity: MaRS Programmer’s Manual

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