3 Grammar Build Up 객관식 NE능률(김성곤)

Pattern 1. 과거완료형 Pattern 2. 부사절을 이끄는 접속사

과거완료는 과거의 특정 시점을 기준으로 그보다 더 접속사는 단어와 단어, 구와 구, 절과 절을 연결하는

먼저 일어난 일이 특정 시점까지 영향을 미칠 때 쓰 역할을 한다. 그 중 절과 절을 연결하는 접속사인
는 표현으로 「had+과거분사」의 형태로 쓰인다. 현재 although, since, after는 각각 양보, 이유, 시간을 나
완료와 마찬가지로 경험, 결과, 계속, 완료의 의미를 타내는 부사절을 이끈다.
나타낸다.
1. Although we have to say goodbye for now, we
1. Our little friends had finished the shoes when can meet next year.
we got up. 비록 지금은 우리가 작별해야 하지만, 우린 내년에
일어나보니 우리의 작은 친구들이 신발을 완성해 만날 수 있어요.
놓았어. 접속사 although는 ‘비록 ~이지만’이라는 뜻의 앞뒤 문
‘had finished'는 「had+과거분사」 형태의 과거완료 시 장의 의미를 대조시키는 양보의 부사절을 이끄는 접속
제로 일어났을 때 작은 친구들이 이미 완료한 행동인 사로 though, even though와 바꿔 쓸 수 있다.
신발을 완성했다는 것을 나타낸다.
2. After you say goodbye today, don’t ever come
back here.
너희 오늘 헤어지고 나면 다신 이곳에 돌아오지 마.
after는 ‘~한 후에’라는 의미로 시간 부사절을 이끈다.
이러한 부사절은 주절의 앞에 와도 되고 뒤에 와도 된
다. 단, 앞에 올 때는 부사절 뒤에 콤마(,)를 사용한다.

3. Since we’re losing our feathers, just meet at a

café!
우리의 깃털이 빠지고 있으니, 그냥 카페에서 만나라고!
since는 ‘~ 때문에’라는 의미의 이유나 원인을 나타내는
접속사로 쓰여 because[as]로 바꿔 쓸 수 있다.

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

Pattern 1. 과거완료형 6. 다음 문장의 밑줄 친 부분을 바르게 고친 것은?6)

When I met her at the park, she wasn't wearing
1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?1) the watch. I thought she lose it.
Doyle used a real hotel, which ____________________
before Holmes was created. ① loses ② has lost ③ had lost
④ is losing ⑤ was losing
① had built ② has built
③ has been built ④ had being built
⑤ had been built 7. 다음 <보기>의 단어를 이용하여 문장을 완성할 때,
빈칸 (A)에 들어갈 단어로 가장 적절한 것은?7)
<보기>
2. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 동사의 형태로 가장 적절한 lost my my bought father
것은?2) had me watch
The talk show ______________ before I turned on the
TV. I ________ ________ (A)________ that ________ ________
________ ________ ________.
① have started ② is starting
③ has started ④ had started ① lost ② bought ③ watch
⑤ starts ④ had ⑤ father

3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?3) 8. 다음 두 문장을 한 문장으로 만들 때 빈칸에 들어갈

말로 가장 알맞은 것은?8)
I __________________ my homework when my mom
came home. It rained during the night. The road was wet.
= The road was wet because _____________________.
① finishing ② am finished ③ has finished
④ had finished ⑤ was finished ① it rains during the night
② it was rained during the night
③ it has rained during the night
④ it had rained during the night
4. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 알맞은 것은?4)
⑤ it has been raining during the night
When I arrived at school, the first class
____________.

9. 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?9)

① already begins ② already began
I (A)__________ my sister the book this morning
③ was already begun ④ has already begun
⑤ had already begun which I (B)__________ three weeks before.

(A) (B)
① give have bought
5. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 알맞은 것을 모두 고르면?5)
② give was buying
Judy _____________ a ballerina before she became a
③ gave had bought
teacher. ④ gave bought
⑤ have given had bought
① will be ② was ③ is
④ had been ⑤ has been

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

10. 다음 빈칸 ⓐ, ⓑ에 들어갈 말이 차례대로 짝지어 13. 다음 우리말을 바르게 영작한 것은?13)

진 것은?10)
내가 강의를 들으러 갔을 때, 강의는 이미 끝났다.
• She ⓐ__________ me since she went to New
York. ① When I had got to the lecture, it has already
• Minho couldn't open the door because he ⓑ ended.
__________ his key. ② When I got to the lecture, it had already ended.
③ When I get to the lecture, it had already ended.
① hasn't phoned - lost ④ When I had got to the lecture, it already ended.
② hadn't phoned - lost ⑤ When I got to the lecture, it had already end.
③ hasn't phoned - had lost
④ hadn't phoned - had lost
⑤ hasn't phoned - has lost

14. 다음 빈칸 ⓐ, ⓑ에 들어갈 알맞은 말이 차례대로

연결된 것은?14)
• Before he moved to America, David ⓐ__________
11. 다음 우리말과 같은 뜻이 되도록 영작할 때 빈칸
(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?11) three books about women’s mentality.
(*mentality: 심리, 사고방식)
그녀가 들어왔을 때 그는 이미 점심 먹는 것을 끝마
• She realized that she ⓑ__________ her purse in
쳤었다.
the department store.
→ He (A)__________ lunch when she (B)__________ in.

ⓐ ⓑ
(A) (B)
① had written - had lost
① finishes come
② had written - lost
② finished came
③ wrote - has lost
③ finished had come
④ wrote - lost
④ had finished came
⑤ has written - had lost
⑤ had finished come

15. Which is the group of the right words for the

12. 다음 우리말을 영작할 때, 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 바
blanks ⓐ~ⓒ?15)
르게 짝지어진 것은?12)
• My sister said she ⓐ__________ the movie before.
그녀는 전에 그녀의 친구가 추천해줬던 책을 샀다.
• By the time I get home, I'm too tired to do
= She (A)_______________ the book that her friend
ⓑ__________.
(B)_______________ to her before.
• When Minho came back home, he found that
his cat ⓒ__________ the flower pot.
(A) (B)
① had bought had recommended
② had bought recommended ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ
③ bought had recommended ① saw active anything had broken
④ bought recommended ② had seen anything active had broken
⑤ buys recommends ③ saw anything active had broken
④ had seen active anything has broken
⑤ saw anything active has broken

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

16. 다음 빈칸 ⓐ~ⓒ에 들어갈 알맞은 말이 차례대로 19. 다음 주어진 상황을 한 문장으로 바르게 설명한
짝지어진 것은?16) 문장을 고르면?19)
• Judy had nothing to eat because Anne I arrived at the party at 3 o’clock yesterday. Jason
ⓐ__________ the whole cake. wasn't there. He went home at 2:30.
• When Judy ⓑ__________ Jervis again, he had lived
in Seoul for four years. ① When I had arrived at the party, Jason already
• Anne opened the box after she ⓒ__________ to went home.
the house. ② When I have arrived at the party, Jason had
already gone home.
ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ ③ When I arrived at the party, Jason had already
① ate had met had got gone home.
② eats met will get ④ When I arrived at the party, Jason had already
③ had eaten has met got went home.
④ ate had met was got ⑤ When I have arrived at the party, Jason had
⑤ had eaten met got already went home.

20. 다음 두 문장을 한 문장으로 바르게 연결한 것

17. Choose the right words for each of the blanks.17) 은?20)
• He had bought me a watch, but I ⓐ____________ ① Jiho did not have any books. + Jiho lost his
it the next day. backpack.
• Who is that woman? I ⓑ______________ her → Jiho had losed his backpack, so he didn't
before. have any books.
• The house was dirty. They ⓒ____________ it for ② Hana missed the train. + She got up late.
→ Hana had missed the train because she has
weeks.
gotten up late.
③ Did Amy study French? + She moved to France.
ⓐ ⓑ ⓒ
→ Has Amy studied French when she moved to
① lost had never seen hadn't cleaned
France?
② lost have never seen hadn't cleaned
④ He just finished lunch. + She opened the door.
③ lost have never seen didn't clean
→ Lunch had just finished by him when she
④ had lost have never seen hadn't cleaned
opened the door.
⑤ had lost had never seen didn't clean
⑤ I played soccer with my friends. + I joined the
soccer club.
18. Which pair is the most suitable for the blanks → I had played soccer with my friends before I
ⓐ and ⓑ?18) joined the soccer club.

When Minsu came home, he found that

somebody ⓐ_________________ the window and ⓑ
21. 다음 중 주어진 문장과 같은 과거완료 용법이 쓰
인 것은?21)
_________________ his coat.
Tom told me he had been to China.

ⓐ ⓑ
① have broken had stolen ① I had never met her until I went to her house.
② had broken have stolen ② I had lost my book and couldn't study English.
③ had broken had stolen ③ He had taught in high school for 2 years before
④ was broken was stolen he came to Korea.
⑤ was broken had stolen ④ John had been in the classroom for 3 hours
when I came back.
⑤ When I arrived at the restaurant, the food had
already been ordered.

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

22. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?22) 27. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?27)

① He has gone to Paris before I got back. ① I was really full because I had had lunch.
② She had lived here for ten years until now. ② I had drunk coffee before I went to bed.
③ I had found some books that he had left. ③ I lost the watch that my brother had bought for
④ When had you met him? me.
⑤ Yesterday I read the book which I had bought ④ I didn't know him because I had never seen
a week before. him before.
⑤ When I arrived at school, the first period had
23. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?23) already began.

① I found out somebody had eaten my cake.

② I have known my teacher for a long time.
③ When she went out, the snow had already stopped.
④ I missed the bus because I have got up late. 28. Which is grammatically correct?28)
⑤ I have just finished my homework. ① Mary lost the book which I had been given to
her.
24. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?24) ② When I entered the classroom, my English teacher
① I called my mom yesterday. She has been sick had already started her class.
since last month. ③ They have been standing for an hour before the
② They were tired. They had not slept for 24 meeting started.
hours. ④ I couldn't see the beautiful vase because his
③ When I arrived at the theater, the movie was daughter broken it.
already begun. ⑤ When Sarah came back home, she found that
④ I didn't know who he was. I have never seen someone has cleaned her room.
him before.
⑤ He realized that he left his keys in the room.

25. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?25) 29. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?29)

① He lives in Busan before he moved here. ① He said that he had read the book.
② I returned the book that I had borrowed from ② The meeting had already begun when I got
him. there.
③ The concert had already finished when she got ③ I don't have any money because I had lost my
there. wallet.
④ When she got to the terminal, the bus had ④ Had you ever seen the musical before I gave
already left. you the ticket?
⑤ When we got home, we found somebody had ⑤ She had lived there for ten years before she
broken the chair. got married.

26. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?26)

① I lived in Busan before I had moved here.
② Jake finished his work already when his boss 30. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?30)
came back to the office. ① She has worked here before she retired.
③ Sarah and I had been best friends since we ② She just left the room when the police arrived.
were young. ③ He has moved five times since he came here.
④ The man had noticed me since he met me ④ Jina realized that she has left her key in the room.
once before. ⑤ When I arrived at school, the class already
⑤ I had already spoken English before I was 14. begins.

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

31. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?31) 35. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 (A), (B)를 어법상 바르게 바꾼

것은?35)
① Tom looks so tired. He must have played soccer
all day. I woke up late this morning, so I hurried to the
② Jiho had played tennis after he finished his bus stop. Unfortunately, the bus (A)leave when I
homework. (B)arrive at the bus stop. I missed the bus. That's
③ When Marianne got to the theater, the movie why I was late for school.
had already started.
④ Betty didn't come to school yesterday. She must (A) (B)
have been sick. ① didn't leave didn't arrive
⑤ Amy is not answering her cell phone. She must ② haven't left haven't arrived
have left her phone home. ③ had left arrived
④ hadn't left arrived
⑤ left had arrived
32. 다음 중 어법상 또는 의미상 모두 올바르게 쓰인
문장은?32)
① When I had gone to the bus stop, the bus 36. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절
already left. 한 것은?36)
② Because I had woken up late, I had to run to Yesterday, I studied late at night. So, I woke up
the bus stop. late today. Therefore, I left home too late to take
③ Since I had recognized the girl at once, I had
the bus on time. I had to run to the bus stop.
met her before.
However, when I got there, the bus (A)__________. I
④ By the time I had arrived at the party, my
got there too late to take the bus. When I finally
friends already went home.
(B)__________ at school, the first class had started. I
⑤ Even though he had been late for class, there is
no one in the classroom. arrived too late to be on time for the first class.

(A) (B)
① left arrived
33. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 어색한 것은?33)
② left had arrived
① David had already left when I got there.
③ had left arrived
② After the guests had left, I went to bed.
④ had left had arrived
③ I lost the pen that Amy had bought for me.
⑤ had left hadn't arrived
④ He had broken his leg, so he couldn't play soccer.
⑤ He asked me to fix the machine that has broken
down.
37. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장의 총 개수는?37)
• She had lived there for five years before she

34. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 어색한 것은?34) gets married.

• She has never eat kimchi before she moved to
① When I arrived at the station, the train had just
Korea last year.
left.
• I don't know who he is. I have never seen him
② Before I went to bed, I had written in my
journal. before.
③ Everybody had already finishes dinner when • I had just put the clothes out when it started to
Kelly arrived at home. rain.
④ The man had broken into five houses before • When Susan arrived at the station, Jane already
the police caught him. went home.
⑤ When I got there, the meeting had already
started. ① 0개 ② 1개 ③ 2개 ④ 3개 ⑤ 4개

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Lesson 3 | 과거완료 1 NE능률(김성곤)

38. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장끼리 알맞게 짝지어진

것은?38)
a. Andrea had finished dinner before Kris got home.
b. When Stacy had gotten home yesterday, her
brother ate all the cookies.
c. I hadn’t known the news when I met her.
d. He insisted that he hasn’t stolen any paintings.
e. The bus had left when we arrived at the bus
stop.
f. He said he had already finished his homework.
g. I found out that she has lost her umbrella.

① a, c, e, f ② a, b, e, f ③ b, c, d, g
④ c, d, e, g ⑤ c, d, e, f

39. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장의 총 개수는?39)

• I didn't know that she had seen the movie.
• They had lived in Seoul before they moved to
Tokyo.
• I recognized the man at once since I had met
him before.
• The meeting had already finished when I had
entered the meeting room.
• The teacher would gotten angry because I
hadn't done my homework.
• She had never practiced the song before she
sang it on the stage.
• Sam never saw the beautiful beach before he
had gone to the East Sea.
• He had lost his wallet, so he couldn't have pay
the taxi driver yesterday.

① 2개 ② 3개 ③ 4개 ④ 5개 ⑤ 6개

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

Pattern 2. 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 7. 다음 두 문장의 뜻이 같도록, 빈칸에 들어갈 알맞은

말을 고르면?7)

1. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 알맞은 것은?1) Our car wouldn't start, so we were late.
= ____________ our car wouldn't start, we were late.
_________ Alex goes to sleep, he always sets the
alarm clock.
① If ② When ③ Since
④ Before ⑤ But
① That ② Before ③ After
④ So ⑤ And
8. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?8)
2. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 알맞은 것은?2) ______________ the wind was blowing, it wasn't very
cold.
The telephone rang ________ I was taking a
shower.
① As if ② Because ③ Although
④ When ⑤ Since
① unless ② because ③ while
④ however ⑤ though
9. 다음 문장의 빈칸에 공통으로 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한
것은? (단, 대소문자 구분 없음)9)
3. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?3)
• __________ you do your best, anything is possible.
__________ you eat more vegetables, you will be
• I’ll stay home __________ it rains tomorrow.
healthier.

① so ② if ③ instead
① If ② So ③ Until
④ whether ⑤ because of
④ What ⑤ Although

10. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절하지 않은 것은? (정

4. 다음 밑줄 친 부분과 바꾸어 쓸 수 있는 것은?4) 답 2개)10)
Since I'm tired, I want to stay at home. ______________ he had a terrible car accident, he
wasn't hurt at all.
① When ② But ③ Because
④ If ⑤ Whether
① Since ② Though ③ Although
④ Even though ⑤ Until
5. 다음 문장의 밑줄 친 Since와 바꾸어 쓸 수 있는 것은?5)
Since it was too dark for him to go back to 11. 다음 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?11)
town, he stayed there. A: Did you go to bed early last night?
B: I stayed up late __________ I was very exhausted.
① As ② Then ③ Although
④ Therefore ⑤ And
① despite ② unless ③ since
④ because ⑤ although
6. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?6)
______________ everyone played well, we lost the 12. 다음 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?12)
game. A: What did Rachel do last weekend?
B: She went hiking _______ it was snowy and chilly.
① As if ② Because ③ Unless
④ Although ⑤ Since
① because ② unless ③ although
④ that ⑤ since

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

13. 다음 문장이 서로 같은 의미일 때 빈칸에 들어갈 17. 다음 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?17)
알맞은 말은?13)
• Her voice was shaking (A)_______ all her efforts
Mike takes a shower after he has dinner. to control it.
= Mike has dinner ___________ he takes a shower. • (B)_______ Betty left me 20 years ago, I still miss
her.
① if ② which ③ that
④ when ⑤ before (A) (B) (A) (B)
① despite - Since ② although - But
14. 다음 빈칸 ⓐ와 ⓑ에 들어갈 알맞은 말은?14) ③ since - Though ④ although - In spite of
⦁I took pictures of him ⓐ_________ he was playing ⑤ despite - Though
the guitar.
⦁ⓑ___________ she saw me, she smiled brightly.
18. 다음 문장이 자연스러운 의미가 되도록 할 때, 빈
ⓐ ⓑ ⓐ ⓑ 칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은? (정답 2개)18)
① after - While ② after - Until • Though the students didn’t have a map,
③ while - After ④ while - While ____________________________________________________.
⑤ since - After • Though I made a mistake,
____________________________________________________.
15. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 단어가 순서대로 짝지어진 것은?15)
• ________ he took a long walk, he felt very tired. ① I didn't pass the exam
• ________ I read the book, I noted down the ② they had no trouble getting there
important things. ③ I failed the exam
④ I passed the exam
• She thought carefully ________ she answered the
⑤ they couldn't arrive on time
question.

① After - After - after

② After - Before - after
19. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절하지 않은 것은?19)
③ After - After - before A: Was the traffic heavy?
④ Before - After - after B: Yes, it was. Although the traffic was heavy,
⑤ Before - Before - before ___________________________________________.

16. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B), (C)에 들어갈 말로 가장 ① we arrived on time

적절한 것은?16) ② I got there on time
• (A)_________ the weather is so bad, I'm not going ③ we didn't miss the class
out today. ④ we weren't late for school
• (B)_________ Betty left me 20 years ago, I still ⑤ I was too late to be on time
miss her.
• (C)__________ it was raining, we continued playing
soccer. 20. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?20)
Though he got up late, ______________________.
(A) (B) (C)
① Since While As ① he couldn't have breakfast
② Although But Because ② he didn't do his homework
③ Though Though Although ③ he didn't take his lunch box
④ As But But ④ he wasn't late for class
⑤ Since Though Even though ⑤ he missed the bus

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

21. 다음 문장의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?21) 24. 다음 우리말을 영어로 옮길 때 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들
어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?24)
________________________, you can win the contest.
만약 네가 규칙적으로 운동을 하지 않는다면, 너는
① If you practice hard 건강해지지 않을 것이다.
② If you will practice hard → (A)_______ you exercise regularly, you (B)_______
③ If you don’t practice hard healthy.
④ Unless you practice hard
⑤ Unless you will practice hard (A) (B)
① Unless will not
② If won’t
22. 다음 중 문장의 빈칸에 들어갈 단어로 적절하지 ③ Unless won’t be
않은 것은?22) ④ If will not be
• I got up late ________ I had a bad cold. ⑤ Unless will be
• ________ I was late, I went to the meeting.
• I have studied English ______ I was five years old. 25. 다음 문장과 같은 의미의 문장으로 적절한 것은?25)
• ________ the food gets into the river, the water After she ate lunch, she read a book.
quickly becomes dirty.
• I don't like hamburgers _______ they're bad for ① She ate lunch after she read a book.
my health. ② Before she read a book, she ate lunch.
③ She eats lunch before she reads a book.
④ She will read a book after she eats lunch.
① once ② since ③ although
⑤ Before she reads a book, she will eat lunch.
④ because ⑤ however

26. 다음 두 문장을 바르게 연결한 것을 모두 고르면?26)

23. 다음 글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절 ⦁I wait for the bus.
한 것은?23) ⦁I always listen to music during the time.
• At first, you thought that it would be very warm
because the sun was shining, but when you ① While I wait for the bus, I listen to music.
later went outside, it wasn't very warm. ② During I wait for the bus, I listen to music.
→ (A)__________ the sun was shining, it wasn't ③ Whenever I wait for the bus, I listen to music.
④ Whenever I listen to music, I wait for the bus.
very warm.
⑤ Since I listen to music, I wait for the bus.
• What he felt towards her was love. He never
called it 'love,' but that didn't change the fact
27. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 단어가 순서대로 짝지어진 것은?27)
that he loved her.
→ He was in love with her (B)__________ he did • _________ he took a long walk, he felt exhausted.

not put that name to his feeling. • _________ I was reading the book, I noted down
the important things.

(A) (B) • _________ she won the prize, she became famous.
① Although although
② As long as although ① After - After - While
③ Because as long as ② After - While - After
④ Although because ③ After - While - While
⑤ So as long as ④ While - After - While
⑤ While - While - After

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

28. 다음 우리말을 영어로 바르게 옮긴 것은?28) 32. 다음 주어진 문장과 의미가 같은 것은?32)
그가 요리를 하는 동안 나는 음악을 들었다. Before she goes to bed, she writes a diary.

① I listened to music while he cooked. ① Before she writes a diary, she goes to bed.
② I listened to music when he was cooking. ② After she writes a diary, she goes to bed.
③ I listened to music while he was cooking. ③ After she goes to bed, she writes a diary.
④ While he cooked, I was listening to music. ④ She writes a diary after she goes to bed.
⑤ When he cooked, I was listening to music. ⑤ She goes to bed before she writes a diary.

33. 다음 문장과 의미가 같은 것을 두 가지 고르면?33)

29. 다음 우리말을 바르게 영작한 것은?29)
Mia washed the dishes before she watched TV.
비록 대회에서 이기진 못했지만, 난 내가 자랑스러웠다.
① Mia washed the dishes after she watched TV.
① Since I didn't win the contest, I was proud of ② After Mia washed the dishes, she watched TV.
myself. ③ After Mia watched TV, she washed the dishes.
② I didn't win the contest since I was proud of ④ Before Mia watched TV, she washed the dishes.
myself. ⑤ Before Mia washed the dishes, she watched TV.
③ Though I didn't win the contest, I was proud of
myself. 34. 다음 중 나머지 넷과 의미가 다른 것은?34)
④ I didn't win the contest although I was proud
① We went on a picnic though it rained.
of myself.
② We went on a picnic although it rained.
⑤ Until I didn't win the contest, I was proud of
③ We went on a picnic in spite of the rain.
myself.
④ We went on a picnic despite the rain.
⑤ We went on a picnic during the rain.

30. 다음 우리말을 바르게 영작한 것은? (정답 2개)30)

35. 다음 중 나머지 넷과 의미가 다른 것은?35)
울고 싶었지만, 그녀는 미소를 짓고 있었다.
① The baseball game was canceled since it rained.
② Though it rained, the baseball game wasn't canceled.
① As she felt like crying, she was smiling. ③ The baseball game wasn't canceled although it
② She felt like crying, but she was smiling. rained.
③ Even though she felt like crying, she was smiling. ④ In spite of the rain, the baseball game wasn't
④ Since she felt like crying, she was smiling. canceled.
⑤ She felt like crying although she was smiling. ⑤ The baseball game wasn't canceled even though
it rained.

31. 다음 우리말을 바르게 영작한 것은? (정답 2개)31) 36. 다음 중 나머지 넷과 의미가 다른 것은?36)
그는 많이 아팠지만, 일하러 갔다. ① She tried on several shoes, but she couldn’t find
what she liked.
① He was very sick, so he went to work. ② She tried on several shoes even though she
② He was very sick, but he went to work. couldn’t find what she liked.
③ If he was very sick, he went to work. ③ She couldn’t find what she liked although she
④ Since he was very sick, he went to work. tried on several shoes.
⑤ Although he was very sick, he went to work. ④ She tried on several shoes. Still, she couldn’t
find what she liked.
⑤ Although she tried on several shoes, she couldn’t
find what she liked.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

37. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 쓰임이 어색한 것은?37) 42. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 쓰임이 어색한 것은?42)
① Before you go to bed, wash your face. ① Although I caught a cold, I went to school.
② I turned off my computer before I went out. ② They didn't believe him although he was telling
③ After I fell asleep, I had the medicine. the truth.
④ Mary visited my house after she called me. ③ Although it was cold outside, they wore shorts.
⑤ After he ate dinner, he watched TV. ④ Although he is very young, he acts like an old
man.
⑤ He was tired although he played soccer the day
38. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 쓰임이 어색한 것은?38) before.

① Because of his disease, he can't come to school.

② Despite her strengths, she got the first prize.
43. 다음 그림의 순서를 보고 가장 맞게 설명한 것은?43)
③ Since he was ill, he couldn't come to the party.
④ Thanks to his help, we could finish it with success.
⑤ Even if he is sick, he does his best all the time.

① Before Junho plays soccer, he takes a shower.

② After Junho has dinner, he takes a shower.
39. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 쓰임이 자연스러운 것은?39)
③ After Junho does his homework, he has dinner.
① Though he is two years old, he can't read books.
④ After Junho has dinner, he does his homework.
② Though I was only out for five minutes, I got
⑤ Before Junho takes a shower, he has dinner.
very wet in the rain.
③ Though I wasn't feeling well, I went home early.
44. 다음 문장의 흐름상 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지와
④ Though we were climbing up the mountain, it
다른 것은?44)
started to rain.
⑤ Though you agree or disagree isn't important. ① _________ you leave home, don’t forget to close
the windows.
② Go to bed _________ you brush your teeth.
③ Do warm-up exercises _________ you swim.
40. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 쓰임이 어색한 것은?40)
④ I want to do so many things _________ I die.
① Since I studied hard, I passed the exam. ⑤ _______ winter comes, let’s go outside and enjoy
② Everybody likes James since he is generous. the autumn leaves.
③ Although it was cold outside, they wore shorts.
④ Although he is very young, he acts like an old 45. 다음 빈칸에 접속사 although가 들어갈 수 있는
man. 것은?45)
⑤ They didn't believe him since he was telling the
① _______ I was tired, I went to bed.
truth.
② _______ he is lazy, he gets up late.
③ _______ I exercised, I gained weight.
④ _______ she was hungry, she had dinner.
41. 다음 중 밑줄 친 단어가 문맥상 올바른 것은?41) ⑤ _______ he studied, he got good grades.
① Since I have no money, I cannot buy the snack.
② My mom cooked dinner although we were hungry. 46. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것
③ She couldn't get good grades since she studied 은?46)
very hard. ① I'm hungry ________ I didn't eat lunch.
④ Although I wear glasses, I can read all the letters ② I didn't go out ________ the bad weather.
with them. ③ We like her ________ she is very kind to us.
⑤ Since coke is not good for our health, the doctor ④ Jenny couldn't walk ________ she broke her leg.
advised me to drink it every day. ⑤ Hajun got up late ________ he stayed up late
last night.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

47. 다음 빈칸에 접속사 though가 들어가기에 어색한 52. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?52)
것은?47)
① He wore a short T-shirt _______ it was freezing.
① _______ he has a good job, he doesn't complain. ② I had a headache _______ I stayed up all night.
② _______ they have very little money, they are happy. ③ They put on sunglasses _______ it was really dark.
③ _______ she was tired, she tried to study hard. ④ I'll buy a brand new car _______ it's so expensive.
④ _______ she caught a bad cold, she had to take ⑤ She always passes her exams _______ she does
the exam. not study at all.
⑤ _______ Jessica is rich, she spends little money.

53. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?53)

48. 다음 빈칸에 접속사 although가 들어가기에 어색
① I can sleep _______ it's very noisy.
한 것은?48)
② I don't like him _______ he isn't honest.
① _______ the traffic was bad, we arrived on time. ③ _______ it was raining, I didn’t get wet.
② I went home early _______ I wasn't feeling well. ④ _______ she is pretty, she isn't content with her
③ _______ he is poor, he always helps other people. face.
④ We hardly ever see each other _______ we live ⑤ I was late for school _______ I got up early in
on the same street. the morning.
⑤ Brian quickly did his homework _______ he couldn't
concentrate well.

54. 다음 중 빈칸에 Since가 들어가기에 적절하지 않은

문장은?54)
49. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?49)
① ________ you're late, you can't watch the musical.
① _______ they are poor, they're happy. ② ________ the food is not tasty, you'd better say
② I will do my best _______ the problem is very nice things to the cook.
difficult. ③ ________ it is very cold, you'd better not go
③ _______ it was cold, they played outside. outside.
④ _______ she is young, she is very brave. ④ ________ you don't feel well, we'll take care of
⑤ _______ I got up late, I was late for school. your part.
⑤ ________ I am not good at speech, why don't
you make the presentation?
50. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?50)
① _______ it rained, they went jogging.
② I couldn't sleep _______ I was tired. 55. 다음 중 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 나머지 넷과 다른 것은?55)
③ _______ the traffic was heavy, I arrived late. ① _______ what she cooked wasn't tasty, I ate it all.
④ _______ he didn't study much, he passed the ② We played soccer _______ it was raining outside.
test. ③ _______ I wondered what made him nervous, I
⑤ It is pretty warm _______ it is a little windy. didn't ask him.
④ He didn't go to the meeting _______ he was sick.
⑤ The car was expensive _______ it was old and
51. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말이 다른 하나는?51) worn.

① We've played better ______ you joined our team.

② ______ the party, she hasn't spoken to him at all.
③ ______ the Earth is rotating, two tides occur each day.
④ I felt hungry, ______ I made myself a sandwich.
⑤ I left school in 1995, and ______ then I've lived
in London.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

56. Choose the sentence that has the different word 59. 다음 중 의미가 가장 자연스러운 문장은?59)
in the blank from others.56)
① If I get up early, I will be late for school.
① _______ summer is a fun season, I can't stand ② If he is happy, I will be happy, too.
the heat! ③ If we study hard, we will get bad grades.
② _______ tomatoes are low in calories, they make ④ If she is smart, she can fail the test.
you feel full. ⑤ If the weather is good, we can’t go on a picnic.
③ _______ it explains everything very clearly, it is a
really useful book. 60. 다음 중 의미가 가장 자연스럽지 않은 문장은?60)
④ _______ he was in poor health, he continued to
① If we take a taxi, we will not be late.
carry out his duties.
② If it is sunny, we will go on a picnic.
⑤ _______ the house was destroyed, no one was
③ If you hurry, you can catch the last bus.
hurt.
④ If you practice hard, you can’t win the contest.
⑤ If the box is not too heavy, I will carry it for you.

57. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분과 의미가 가장 가까운 것은?57)

61. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분이 흐름상 어색한 것은?61)
Although Jiwon couldn't concentrate well, she
① I never took off my life jacket while I was on
quickly did her homework. Although it rained a lot,
the ship.
Jiwon still went to the music concert after doing her
② While walking around, I found a purse on the
homework. Although there were too many people in
floor.
the concert hall, the concert was wonderful. ③ After I fell asleep, I had the medicine.
④ Anne visited my house after she called me.
① It rained too much to go to the music concert. ⑤ After he ate dinner, he watched TV.
② It rained a lot, but Jiwon went to the music
concert. 62. 다음 while과 after의 쓰임이 적절하게 이루어진
③ After it rained a lot, Jiwon went to the music 문장을 고르면?62)
concert.
① He said his last words after he died.
④ Jiwon was going to go to the music concert
② While you brush your teeth, go to bed.
when it rained a lot.
③ While I was shopping, I met Judy.
⑤ Jiwon didn't go to the music concert because it
④ After I was walking home, I saw him.
rained a lot.
⑤ Call me while you arrive.

63. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분이 흐름상 어색한 것은?63)

58. When the two given sentences in the box are
combined into one sentence, which is correct?58) ① Jane is very kind, while her sister is mean.
② While she was studying, she listened to music.
⦁Sora was learning how to swim.
③ I believe ghosts exist, while she doesn’t believe it.
⦁Sora’s mom watched Sora at that time.
④ She broke her arm while she was snowboarding.
⑤ While vegetables are good for your health, you
① After Sora was learning how to swim, her mom should eat them.
watched her.
② While Sora was learning how to swim, her mom
64. 다음 중 밑줄 친 while의 의미가 나머지와 다른 것은?64)
watched her.
① Prepare the sauce while the pasta is cooking.
③ As soon as Sora was learning how to swim, her
② They arrived while we were having lunch.
mom watched her.
③ While I was waiting for the bus, I saw a handsome
④ Before Sora was learning how to swim, her mom
boy.
watched her.
④ While you are in Suwon, taste Suwon galbi.
⑤ During Sora was learning how to swim, her mom
⑤ While Amy likes outdoor sports very much, her
watched her.
sister doesn’t like them.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

65. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 나머지 넷과 다른 69. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 나머지 넷과 다른

것은?65) 것은?69)
① While I like math, my sister likes English. ① Take your umbrella since it's raining outside.
② While I‘m good at sports, she’s good at art. ② Mike didn't come to school since he had a
③ While you don’t like ice cream, I like it a lot. cold.
④ While you are having lunch, you can watch TV. ③ You should cook dinner since you're a good cook.
⑤ While there are some good sides to wearing ④ He has been sick since he graduated from
school uniforms, there are also bad sides to it. university.
⑤ I couldn't buy the book since I used up my
allowance.
66. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 <보기>와 다른
것은?66) 70. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 같은 것끼리 짝지
<보기> I enjoy reading books since it helps me to 어진 것은?70)

be creative. ⓐ Minho was absent today since he was sick.

ⓑ Sujin will help me since she is my best friend.
① He did not go since he was ill. ⓒ I have studied English since I was ten years
② I must stop now since I have to go out. old.
③ I'll buy you popcorn since you paid for coke. ⓓ He likes this town since people are very polite
④ We have been friends since we were 13 years old. and kind.
⑤ Since I've just started learning Chinese, I can't ⓔ She has lived in Seoul since she was nineteen.
speak Chinese well.
① ⓐ, ⓑ ② ⓐ, ⓒ ③ ⓑ, ⓓ
④ ⓐ, ⓑ, ⓓ ⑤ ⓒ, ⓓ, ⓔ
67. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 나머지 넷과 다른
것은?67) 71. 다음 중 흐름상 가장 자연스러운 문장은?71)
① The ice cream is melting as the weather is hot.
① He is not very active although he's nearly 80.
② The baby is crying because she is hungry.
② Though I took a wrong bus, I was late for the
③ As she got up too early, she is sleepy now.
meeting.
④ He wears glasses every day since he has bad
③ Even though the sun was shining, it was very
sight.
warm.
⑤ Since he was at age 6, he has been in Seoul.
④ Despite my illness, I was absent from school.
⑤ I like my brother though he sometimes makes
me angry.
68. 다음 중 밑줄 친 부분의 의미가 나머지 넷과 다른
것은?68)
72. 다음 중 흐름상 어색한 문장은?72)
① Since it was Friday, I stayed up late.
① She couldn't get good grades although she
② I haven't heard from him since last year.
studied very hard.
③ Since I had a bad cold, I stayed at home all
② Although he studied hard, he got a good grade
day long.
on the test.
④ Since I'm very tired, I'm going to go to bed
③ She could see with her heart although she was
right away.
blind.
⑤ We don't have to go to school since tomorrow
④ Although Kevin's aunt lives in China, she doesn't
is a holiday.
speak Chinese.
⑤ Although coke is not good for our health, the
doctor advised me to drink it every day.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

73. 다음 중 흐름상 어색한 문장은?73) 78. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?78)

① We went on a picnic though it was rainy. ① Unless he is so wise, he is able to solve problems.
② She failed the test even though she had studied ② If you don’t start now, you will be late.
hard. ③ If it will rain tomorrow, the event won’t be held.
③ He is strong and healthy though he is seventy ④ Unless it work properly, you should fix it.
years old. ⑤ Unless you will exercise, you are not healthy.
④ She couldn't eat the meal though she was very
hungry.
⑤ He didn't go to school even though he was sick.
79. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?79)
① Despite he lost his job, he still wastes his money.
74. 다음 중 흐름상 어색한 문장은? (정답 2개)74) ② Despite the pearl looks real, it is fake.
① Although Sarah was sick, she wasn't absent from ③ Although rained a lot, Jessica went camping.
school. ④ Although the heavy rain, they played outside.
② Though Tom studied hard, he got poor grades. ⑤ He is quite strong although he is very old.
③ Cathy was very hungry although she didn't have
breakfast.
④ Even though I caught a cold, I couldn't go to
school.
80. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 것은?80)
⑤ Though it was cold, we took a walk in the park.
① I’ll see you after the class will be over.
② My favorite show will be on after this.
③ Before you go to bed, turn off the light.
75. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?75)
④ After dinner, you can eat your ice cream.
① I will go to the park with my family if it is sunny. ⑤ Check your homework before you go home.
② If she won’t get up now, she miss the bus.
③ He will get good grades if he will study harder.
④ If he come back home, I’ll cook special food.
⑤ If I run, I am on time for the meeting.
81. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?81)
① Since John is our friend, he'll help us.
② He went to bed early since he was sick.
76. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?76)
③ Since it's raining outside, I'll stay at home.
① If you sleep well, you felt better. ④ She got up late since she missed the school bus.
② They saw you if they will see me. ⑤ Since tomorrow is Sunday, I don't have to get
③ We go outside if it was sunny later. up early.
④ If I will see her, I’ll tell her to call you.
⑤ I’ll tell you the great news if I see you.

82. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?82)

77. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 문장은?77)
① Despite he was old, he still led an active life.
① Despite it rained heavily, we played soccer. ② We didn't stay outside long because of it was
② Though it rained heavily, we played soccer.
too cold.
③ In spite of the heavy rain, we played soccer.
③ Since my sister lied to me, I was angry at her.
④ Although it rained heavily, we played soccer.
④ He was absent today because his illness.
⑤ Even though it rained heavily, we played soccer.
⑤ Although the danger signs, we swam there.

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Lesson 3 | 부사절을 이끄는 접속사 2 NE능률(김성곤)

83. 다음 중 어법상 어색한 것은?83) 87. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장의 총 개수는?87)

① While Tom read a book, I ate all the cookies. • Although the danger signs, we swam there.
② After she ate dinner, she wrote a letter. • Despite he was old, he still led an active life.
③ After Alice drank water, she became smaller. • I drink coffee although it makes me nervous.
④ I ride an indoor bike at home while watching TV. • Although it was very muddy, the game went on.
⑤ After you will finish the work, I will ask you a • We enjoyed the day at the park though the bad
question.
weather.
• Despite she was a great writer, she wasn't famous
at that time.
84. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장을 고르면?84)
① After watched TV, studied English. ① 0개 ② 1개 ③ 2개 ④ 3개 ⑤ 4개
② After we play soccer, and we’ll go home.
③ After seeing the doctor, she went to school.
④ After pick a lot of shellfish, they go back home.
⑤ After went to the movies, she bought some clothes.

85. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?85)

① Despite of the storm, the airplane landed safely.
② I felt sick in spite of the fact that I took
medicine.
③ I couldn't get up despite the alarm rang many
times.
④ My dad didn't eat anything even though the
hunger.
⑤ Even if the fact that I woke up early, I was late
for work.

86. 다음 중 어법상 옳은 문장은?86)

① In spite of he has no money, he is still happy.
② Although his diligence, he failed the test.
③ Although she studied hard, she gets straight Ds.
④ Even though worked hard, Tom couldn't finish
his report.
⑤ She couldn’t understand the instructions even
though she read them twice.

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 를 쓴다.
개정 중3 NE능률(김성곤) 3 13) ②: 강의를 들으러 갔던 것보다 강의가 끝난 것이
먼저이므로 강의가 끝난 것은 과거완료 시제
Grammar Build Up 객관식
를 사용하여 나타낼 수 있다.
14) ①: 과거보다 먼저 일어난 일이므로 과거완료
(had+과거분사)로 쓴다.
본 콘텐츠는 해당 출판사로부터 교과서 라이센스를 획득하여
이그잼포유에서 제작하였습니다. 본 콘텐츠에 대한 저작권은 15) ②: 과거보다 한 시제 앞서 일어난 일은 과거완료
이그잼포유가 소유하고 있으며, 콘텐츠의 전부 또는 일부를 시제를 사용하며, -thing으로 끝나는 대명사의
무단 전재하거나 배포하는 것은 저작권법에 의한 법적 책임
경우 형용사가 뒤에서 수식한다.
을 물을 수 있습니다. 본 콘텐츠의 레이아웃 및 편집에 대한
저작권 침해 행위 또한 금지하고 있습니다. 16) ⑤: 과거의 두 사건 중 더 먼저 일어난 일을 나타
내기 위해 과거완료를 사용하며 after와 같이

Pattern 1
시간의 전후 관계를 보여주는 접속사가 있는
경우 과거시제가 과거완료 시제를 대신할 수
1) ⑤: 문맥상 Holmes가 만들어지기 전에 호텔이 세
있다.
워졌다는 의미이므로 과거완료 시제를 써야 한
17) ②: ⓐ 시계를 산 후 잃어버린 것이므로 과거시제
다. 또한 호텔은 사람에 의해 만들어지는 수동
가 적절하다.
의 의미이기 때문에 had been built가 빈칸에
ⓑ 현재 시점에서 그녀를 본 적이 없다는 경
맞다.
험에 대해 이야기하고 있으므로 현재완료가
2) ④: 과거(turned on)보다 이전에 일어난 일이므로
적절하다.
과거완료[had+p.p.] 시제를 사용해서 나타낸다.
ⓒ 과거보다 더 먼저 일어난 일이므로 과거완
3) ④: 문맥상 엄마가 집에 왔을 때 숙제를 끝마쳤다
료가 적절하다.
는 내용으로 과거완료 시제 had finished가 빈
18) ③: 과거시제인 본동사보다 누군가가 창문을 부수
칸에 와야 한다.
고 코트를 훔쳐간 것이 먼저 일어난 것이므로
4) ⑤: 과거의 특정 시점을 기준으로 하여 그 이전에
과거완료 시제를 사용한다.
일어난 동작이나 상태를 나타내기 위해 ‘과거
19) ③: 과거시제보다 더 먼저 일어난 일은 과거완료
완료’ 형태를 쓴다.
시제를 사용하여 나타낸다.
5) ②, ④
20) ⑤: ① Jiho did not have any books. + Jiho lost
: 접속사 before나 after가 쓰여 두 동작의 전후 관
his backpack.
계를 명백히 알 수 있을 때, 단순 과거로 표현할
→ Jiho had lost his backpack, so he didn't
수 있다.
have any books.
6) ③: 기준 시점인 thought가 과거이므로 한 시제 앞
② Hana missed the train. + She got up late.
선 시제인 과거완료 형태를 쓴다.
→ Hana missed the train because she had
7) ③: I lost my (A)watch that my father had bought
gotten up late.
me.
③ Did Amy study French? + She moved to
8) ④: 과거보다 한 시제 앞선 시점은 과거완료 형태
France.
를 쓴다.
→ Had Amy studied French when she
9) ③: 과거보다 더 먼저 일어난 일은 과거완료 형태
moved to France?
로 쓴다.
④ He just finished lunch. + She opened
10) ③: 특정 시점에 시작한 일이 현재까지 영향을 미
the door.
치는 것은 현재완료를 사용하며, 과거의 특정
→ Lunch had just been finished by him
시점을 기준으로 그 이전에 일어난 일이 그
when she opened the door.
시점까지 영향을 미치는 경우는 과거완료를
21) ①: 주어진 문장은 경험을 나타내는 과거완료 용
사용한다.
법으로 사용되었다.
11) ④: 그녀가 들어온 것은 과거의 일로 과거시제를
22) ⑤: ① 내가 돌아오기 전(과거)에 그는 파리로 떠
쓰고, 그녀가 들어오기 전에 그가 점심을 먹
난 것이므로 과거완료 시제인 had gone으로
은 것은 대과거이므로 과거완료 시제를 써야
써야 한다.
한다.
② until now는 ‘지금까지’라는 뜻으로 현재와
12) ③: 과거보다 한 시제 앞선 시점은 과거완료 형태
연결되어 있기 때문에 현재완료 시제 has

- 18 -
 lived가 적합하다. 어난 일이므로 과거완료 had just left를 써야
③ 그가 놓고 간(대과거) 책들을 발견한 시점 한다.
은 과거가 되므로 found로 고쳐야 한다. ④ 주절의 시점보다 이전에 방에 열쇠를 두
④ 의문사 when처럼 명확한 시점을 나타내는 고 온 것이므로 had left를 써야 한다.
표현은 완료 시제가 함께 사용될 수 없다. ⑤ 도착했을 때 수업이 이미 시작했던 상황
23) ④: 내가 늦게 일어나서 버스를 놓쳤다는 내용으 이므로 과거완료인 had already begun으로
로 과거완료 시제를 사용하여 had got up이 써야 한다.
올바른 표현이다. 31) ②: Jiho played tennis after he (had) finished
24) ②: ① 엄마가 대과거 시점부터 과거 시점까지 계 his homework.가 올바른 문장이다.
속 아픈 상태이므로 과거완료 had been으로 32) ②: ① 의미상 when절의 시제는 과거형 went로,
표현해야 한다. 주절의 시제는 과거완료형 had already left로
③ 내가 도착한 과거 시점 이전에 벌써 영화 써야 한다.
가 시작된 것이므로 과거완료 had already ③ I recognized the girl at once since I had
begun으로 표현해야 한다. met her before.가 올바른 문장이다.
④ 과거 시점에 그를 알지 못한 것은 더 이전 ④ 부사절의 시제는 과거형 arrived로, 주절의
에도 그를 본 적이 없어서이므로 과거완료 시제는 과거완료형 had already gone으로 써
had never seen으로 표현해야 한다. 야 한다.
⑤ 주절의 시점보다 이전에 방에 열쇠를 두고 ⑤ 부사절의 시제는 과거형 was로, 주절의 시
온 것이므로 had left를 써야 한다. 제는 과거형인 was 또는 과거완료형 had
25) ①: 그가 이곳에 이사 오기 전까지 부산에서 살았 been으로 써야 한다.
다는 내용으로 lives는 과거시제인 lived 또는 33) ⑤: 그가 나에게 기계를 고쳐달라고 말한 시점(과
과거완료 시제 had lived로 고쳐야 한다. 거) 이전에 기계가 고장 난 것이므로 과거완
26) ⑤: ① 주절의 시제는 과거완료형 had lived로, 부 료 시제 had broken을 써야 한다.
사절의 시제는 과거형 moved로 써야 한다. 34) ③: 과거완료는 <had+과거분사> 형태로 표기하
② finished는 과거완료 시제 had finished로 므로 had already finished로 표현해야 한다.
고친다. 35) ③: 내가 도착한 것은 과거이므로 과거시제를 써
③ 주절의 시제는 현재완료 시제 have been 야 하고, 내가 도착하기 전에 버스가 떠난 것
으로 써야 한다. 은 대과거의 일이므로 과거완료 시제를 써야
④ 주절의 시제는 과거형 noticed로, 부사절의 한다.
시제는 과거완료 시제 had met로 써야 한다. 36) ③: (A) 내가 도착하기(I got there) 전에 이미 버스
27) ⑤: begin의 과거분사 형태는 begun이므로, had 가 떠나버렸기 때문에 대과거의 일을 나타내므
already begun으로 고쳐야 한다. 로 과거완료 시제인 had left가 들어가야 한다.
28) ②: ① 내가 그녀에게 책을 직접 준 것이므로 능 (B) 1교시 수업이 내가 도착하기 전에 벌써
동태 표현 had given으로 고쳐야 한다. 시작이 됐으므로(the first class had started),
③ 회의가 시작한 시점(과거)보다 더 이전부 시간상 내가 도착한 일은 대과거의 일보다 그
터 서 있었던 것이므로 과거완료를 써서 had 후의 일이 되기 때문에 과거시제 arrived를 써
been standing으로 고쳐야 한다. 줘야 한다.
④ 그의 딸이 꽃병을 깨뜨린 것은 대과거의 37) ③: • She had lived there for five years before
일이므로 had broken으로 써야 한다. she gets married.에서 그곳에 5년 동안 살았
⑤ Sarah가 도착하기(과거) 전에 누군가가 청 다는 사실이 과거완료이므로 기준 시점이 되
소를 해놓은 것이므로 과거완료 had cleaned 는 그녀가 결혼을 한 것은 한 시제 앞선 과거
를 써야 한다. 시제가 되어야 한다. 따라서 gets을 got으로
29) ③: 현재 시점과 관련이 있기 때문에 현재완료 시 고쳐야 한다.
제 have lost를 써야 한다. • She has never eat kimchi before she
30) ③: ① 그녀가 일을 했던 것은 은퇴했던 것보다 moved to Korea last year.에서 한국으로 이
더 먼저 일어난 일이므로 과거완료인 had 사를 온 것이 과거이고, 김치를 먹어본 적이
worked로 써야 한다. 없었던 것은 그 이전의 일이므로 과거완료 시
② 경찰이 도착했던 과거 시점보다 먼저 일 제인 had never eaten으로 표현해야 한다.

- 19 -
 • When Susan arrived at the station, Jane 14) ③
already went home.에서 Susan이 도착하기 15) ③: 그는 산책을 한 후 매우 피곤함을 느꼈다.
전에 Jane은 이미 집에 갔으므로 과거완료 시 나는 책을 읽은 후 중요한 내용을 적었다.
제 had already gone으로 표현해야 한다. 그녀는 질문에 답하기 전에 신중하게 생각했다.
38) ①: b. When Stacy got home yesterday, her 16) ⑤: (A) 주절의 이유를 나타내는 because[as/since]
brother had eaten all the cookies. 가 적절하다.
d. He insisted that he hadn’t stolen any (B), (C) ‘비록 ~일지라도’라는 뜻의 접속사
paintings. (al)though, even though가 올바르다.
g. I found out that she had lost her 17) ⑤: (A) ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 뜻을 지닌 전치사 despite
umbrella. 가 들어간다.
39) ③: • The meeting had already finished when I (B) ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 뜻을 지닌 접속사 Though
entered the meeting room. 가 들어간다.
• The teacher would get angry because I 18) ②, ④
hadn't done my homework. : though는 ‘비록 ~일지라도’라는 뜻의 접속사로
• Sam had never seen the beautiful beach 흐름에 맞는 알맞은 답을 고른다.
before he went to the East Sea. 19) ⑤: although는 ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 의미의 접속사
• He had lost his wallet, so he couldn't pay 로 빈칸 앞의 문장에서 교통이 혼잡했다고 했
the taxi driver yesterday. 으므로 그럼에도 불구하고, 빈칸에는 긍정의
대답이 들어가는 것이 적절하므로 ⑤ ‘나는
Pattern 2 너무 늦어서 제시간에 도착할 수 없었다’는 알
1) ②: 잠들기 전 알람을 맞춰 놓는다는 내용이 되는 맞지 않다.
접속사를 찾는다. 20) ④: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절
2) ③ 을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다.
3) ①: 접속사 if는 ‘만약 ~라면’의 뜻으로 실제로 일어 21) ①: 내용상 ‘만약 네가 열심히 연습한다면 그 대회
날 가능성을 나타낸다. 에서 이길 수 있다.’가 적절하다.
② 그래서 ③ ~까지 ④ 무엇(것) 22) ⑤: • I got up late since/because I had a bad
⑤ 비록 ~일지라도 cold.
4) ③ • Although I was late, I went to the
5) ① meeting.
6) ④: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절 • I have studied English since I was five
을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다. years old.
7) ③: ~ 때문에 (접속사) • Once the food gets into the river, the
8) ③: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절 water quickly becomes dirty.
을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다. • I don't like hamburgers since/because
9) ②: 접속사 if는 ‘만약 ~라면’의 뜻으로 실제로 일어 they're bad for my health.
날 가능성을 나타낸다. 23) ①: 둘 다 ‘~임에도 불구하고’라는 뜻의 접속사
① 그래서 ③ 대신에 ④ ~인지 아닌지 although가 들어간다.
⑤ ~ 때문에 24) ③: 접속사 if는 ‘만약 ~라면’의 뜻으로 실제로 일
10) ①, ⑤ 어날 가능성을 나타내며 if절에서는 현재시제
: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절 가 미래를 대신한다.
을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다. unless = if ~ not (~하지 않는다면)
11) ⑤: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절 25) ②: 점심을 먹은 후 책을 읽었다는 문장을 고른다.
을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다. 26) ①, ③
12) ③: though, although, even though는 양보의 부사절 : ① 버스를 기다리는 동안, 음악을 듣는다.
을 이끄는 접속사로 ‘주어+동사’의 절을 이끈다. ③ 버스를 기다릴 때마다, 음악을 듣는다.
13) ⑤: 저녁을 먹고 나서 샤워를 한다는 것은, 샤워하 27) ②
기 전에 저녁을 먹는다는 내용과 같다. 28) ③: ‘~하는 동안’이란 뜻의 접속사 while을 가지고
영작한 문장이 정답이다. ‘그가 요리를 하는

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 동안’은 진행의 의미를 강조하여 과거진행형 47) ①: Because, Since ~ 때문에
(was cooking) 시제를 사용한다. 48) ②: 의미상 접속사 because가 들어가야 한다.
29) ③: ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 뜻을 지닌 접속사 Though가 49) ⑤: 이유를 나타내는 접속사가 들어가야 한다. 나
적절하다. 머지는 모두 ‘~임에도 불구하고’란 뜻의
30) ②, ③ although가 들어가야 한다.
: ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 뜻을 지닌 접속사 Though가 적 50) ③: 이유를 나타내는 접속사가 들어가야 한다. 나
절하다. 머지는 모두 ‘~임에도 불구하고’란 뜻의
31) ②, ⑤ although가 들어간다.
: ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 뜻을 지닌 접속사 Though가 적 51) ④: so, 나머지는 since
절하다. (①, ②, ⑤ ~ 이후로, ③ ~ 때문에)
32) ②: before ‘~하기 전에’ / after ‘~한 후에’ 52) ②: 이유를 나타내는 접속사 since 또는 because가
33) ②, ④: 설거지를 하고 TV를 본 순서를 가진 문장 알맞다. 나머지는 모두 although가 들어간다.
을 찾는다. 53) ②: 이유를 나타내는 접속사 since 또는 because가
34) ⑤: during(전) ~ 동안 알맞다. 나머지는 모두 although가 들어간다.
though(접), although(접), in spite of(전), 54) ②: 음식이 맛이 없어도 요리사에게 좋은 말을 하
despite(전) ~에도 불구하고 는 게 낫다는 의미이므로 빈칸에는 Although가
35) ①: ①번 보기는 ‘비가 내려서 야구 경기가 취소되 적합하다.
었다.’라는 뜻이다. 나머지 보기는 모두 ‘비가 55) ④: because[since/as] ~ 때문에,
왔지만 야구 경기는 취소되지 않았다.’라는 뜻 나머지는 though[although/even though]
이다. 56) ③: because[since/as] ~ 때문에,
36) ②: ‘좋아하는 것을 찾지 못했지만 여러 신발을 신 나머지는 though[although/even though]
어봤다.‘, 나머지는 ‘여러 신발을 신어봤지만, 57) ②: Although는 ‘비록 ~일지라도’의 의미의 접속
좋아하는 것을 찾지 못했다.’ 사로 양보의 부사절을 이끌며 밑줄 친 문장
37) ③: After → Before 은 ‘비가 많이 왔음에도 불구하고 지원이는
38) ②: despite는 ‘~임에도 불구하고’라는 뜻으로 보 음악 콘서트에 갔다’의 의미로 although는 접
기 문맥에는 맞지 않다. 이유를 나타내는 전 속사 but을 사용해서 ② ‘비가 많이 왔지만
치사 because of가 들어가야 한다. 지원이는 음악 콘서트에 갔다.’로 바꿔 쓸 수
39) ②: ① 접속사 because, since, as가 들어가야 자 있다.
연스럽다. 58) ②: watch 지켜보다
③ 접속사 because, since, as가 들어가야 자 59) ②: ① → I will not be late for school
연스럽다. ③ → we will get good grades
④ 접속사 when, while이 들어가야 자연스럽 ④ → she can pass the test
다. ⑤ → we can go on a picnic
⑤ 접속사 whether가 들어가야 자연스럽다. 60) ④: can’t win → can win
40) ⑤: 그가 진실을 말하고 있음에도 사람들이 그를 61) ③: After → Before
믿어주지 않았다는 내용이 되어야 하므로 62) ③: ① after → before
although를 써야 한다. ② While → After
41) ①: ② 문맥상 since가 들어가야 한다. ④ After → While
③ 문맥상 although가 들어가야 한다. ⑤ while → after
④ 문맥상 Since가 들어가야 한다. 63) ⑤: While → Because
⑤ 문맥상 Although가 들어가야 한다. ①, ③ ~인 반면에 ②, ④ ~하는 동안
42) ⑤: although → since[because] mean 비열한, 짓궂은
43) ④: 저녁을 먹은 후에 숙제를 한다. 64) ⑤: ⑤의 while은 ‘~인 반면에’라는 뜻으로 사용되
44) ②: after / 나머지는 before 었고, 나머지는 모두 ‘~하는 동안’이란 뜻으로
45) ③: ③번 보기에만 접속사 although가 적절하고 사용되었다.
나머지 보기에는 모두 because가 들어가야 65) ④: ‘~하는 동안, ~할 때’ / 나머지는 ‘~인 반면에’
알맞다. 66) ④: ~ 이래로, 이후로 / 나머지는 ~ 때문에
46) ②: because of, 나머지는 since 67) ⑤: ~ 이래로, 이후로 / 나머지는 ~ 때문에

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68) ②: ~ 이래로, 이후로 / 나머지는 ~ 때문에 ④ pick → they pick or picking
69) ④: ④번의 since는 ‘~한 이후로’라는 뜻으로 사용 ⑤ went → she went or going
되었고, 나머지 보기는 모두 이유를 나타내는 85) ②: ① Despite는 뒤에 of가 붙지 않는다.
접속사로 사용되었다. ③ despite는 전치사로 뒤에 명사(구) 형태가
70) ④: ⓐ, ⓑ, ⓓ ~ 때문에 / ⓒ, ⓔ ~ 이래로, 이후로 와야 하므로 이 문장에서는 사용될 수 없다.
71) ⑤: ‘내 동생은 가끔 나를 화나게 하지만 나는 내 despite 대신에 접속사 though[although/even
동생을 좋아한다.’라는 흐름은 적절하다. though]가 들어가야 한다.
72) ②: 공부를 열심히 했음에도 불구하고 좋은 성적 ④ the hunger는 명사구로 접속사 even though
을 거두었다는 내용의 문장은 자연스럽지 않다. 는 적절하지 않다. 전치사 despite나 in spite
(예시) good → poor of가 적절하다.
73) ⑤: 의미상 even though보다는 이유를 나타내는 ⑤ the fact는 명사구로 접속사 even if는 사
접속사가 들어가야 한다. 용될 수 없다.
74) ③, ④ 86) ⑤: ① In spite of → Though[Although/Even though]
: ③ although → since[because] ② Although → Despite[In spite of]
④ Even though → Since[Because] ③ gets → got
75) ①: ② → If she doesn’t get up now, she will ④ worked → he worked
miss the bus. 87) ③: • Although the danger signs, we swam there.
③ will study → he studies 에서 although 다음에는 주어와 동사가 있는
④ come back → comes back 절이 와야 한다. 명사구가 오려면 전치사
⑤ am → will be despite나 in spite of를 쓴다.
76) ⑤: ① felt → will feel • Despite he was old, he still led an active
② → They will see you if they see me. life.에서 he was old는 절이므로 전치사
③ → We will go outside if it is sunny later. Despite가 이끌 수 없고 접속사인 Although를
④ will see → see 써야 한다.
77) ①: despite는 전치사이므로 절을 이끌지 못한다. • We enjoyed the day at the park though
‘~임에도 불구하고’란 뜻의 접속사로 대체되 the bad weather.에서 though를 despite[in
어야 한다. spite of]로 써야 한다.
78) ②: ① is → will not be • Despite she was a great writer, she wasn't
③ will rain → rains famous at that time.에서 Despite를 Although
④ work → works 로 써야 한다.
⑤ → Unless you exercise, you will not be (Despite+명사(구), Although+절)
healthy.
79) ⑤: ① Despite → Although
② Despite → Though
③ rained → it rained
④ Although → Despite
80) ①: will be → is
시간을 나타내는 부사절에서는 현재가 미래를
대신한다.
81) ④: → She missed the school bus since she got
up late.
82) ③: ① Despite → Although
② because of → because
④ because → because of
⑤ Although → Despite, In spite of
83) ⑤: will finish → finish
84) ③: ① → After I watched TV, I studied English.
② and 삭제

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