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Wa0019.

Array

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20 views9 pages

Wa0019.

Array

Uploaded by

riteshj9921
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arrays

• Collection of elements of same data type


• All these elements are stored in consecutive
memory locations
• Values of elements can repeat.
• The collection is represented by one name
• Each individual data in the array is referenced by a
subscript or index (positive integer constant or
expression) enclosed in a pair of square brackets []
Example:
• Array contains 12
elements
• The first element in every
array is the zeroth element
– first element of array c is
referred to as c[0]
– second element of array c is
referred to as c[1]
• In general, the ith element
of array c is referred to as
c[i – 1]
Defining Arrays
• Arrays occupy space in memory
• Programmer specify the type of each element and
the number of elements required by each array
• Syntax
<data type> <identifier> [<constant size>];
• Example
int numArray[20]; /*tell the computer to reserve 20 spaces.
Elements are from numArray[0] to numArray[19]*/
Array Initialisation
• Individual elements of the array can be initialized
• Initial values must be constants, never be variables or
function calls

• Example
int numArray[4]= {10,20,30,40};
/*4 is size. numArray[0]=10,… numArray[3]=40*/
or
int numArray[4];
numArray[0]=10;
numArray[1]=20;
Array Initialisation contd.
• The array definition
int n[5] = { 32, 27, 64, 18, 95, 14 };
causes a syntax error because there are six initializers and
only five array elements

• If the array size is omitted from a definition with an


initializer list, the number of elements in the array
will be the number of elements in the initializer list
• For example,
int n[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
would create a five-element array
Two-Dimensional Arrays
• The elements of a two-dimensional array are
arranged in rows and columns

• In general, an array with m rows and n columns is


called an m-by-n array
Two-Dimensional Arrays
• The array contains three rows and four columns, so
it’s said to be a 3-by-4 array
Accessing Two-Dimensional Array
Elements
• Array declaration
<data type> <identifier> [<row size>] [<column size>];
int matrix[2][3]; //array name is matrix with 2 rows and 3
columns

• An element in 2-dimensional array is accessed by using


two subscripts, i.e., row index and column index of the
array
• Example: int val = a[2][3];
// take 4th element from the 3rd row of the array
Initializing Two-Dimensional Arrays
• Multidimensional arrays may be initialized by
specifying bracketed values for each row

• An array with 3 rows and each row has 4 columns


int a[3][4] = { {0, 1, 2, 3} , {4, 5, 6, 7} , {8, 9, 10, 11}};
is equivalent to
int a[3][4] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};

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