P A R T

BM-1
 1
EXERCISE

. ,
.
,
.
,
.

.
,
.

1.1
. (arm)
(base)
. .
,
. .
(immersion oil)
. , .
, .
.
.
.

. . ,
. .

. , 1.2
. .

BM-1
 (arm) , .
(base) , ,
. (neutral density filter)
. CH-2( 1.2)
(slide glass) .
. .
, .
.
(image) , .
.
3
, (Ocular), (Objective)
. (Condenser) .
.
(lamp) , . ,
(voltage control) . 1.2 . ,

. .

BM-2
 .
, . ,

.
10 , 40 100 4 . 100
(immersion oil) .
.

.
. 1.3
,
.

.
(coarse adjustment knob)
(fine adjustment knob) .
,
.

,
.

.
achromatic lens apochromat lens . .
,
.
. (diopter adjustment ring) (
(ocular eyepiece) 1.2 ).
. 2 .
.

. . ,
100 , 10
. , 1,000 . (resolution)
. 10 .
, 5 15 (resolving power) .
. . .
(objectives) 3~4 (nose
piece) . d = 0.5
/NA
(d= ,

BM-3

= ,
NA = (numerical aperture) )

d ,d . 1
.
, NA , .
.

, .
. NA
( ) (blue filter)
. NA . .

. NA . .
, .
achromat, apochromat . (contrast) , .
(immersion oil) . 100
. .
NA .
, NA . 20
. 1.4
( ) .
.
.
. . ,
100 (immersion oil) .
NA , .
40
.
, .
. .
0.2 . , 0.2

BM-4
 , 2. .
( 1.5). .
. . .
3. .
4. 10 .
, (xylene), (acetone) 5.
. .
. 6.

.5 6 .
. , .
.

. .
. 7. ,
( 1.5). .
(contrast) (depth of
. field) .
, . .
. 8. .
9. .
. 10. 40 100
. .

.
3 . , 10 10 40 .
, 40 - (high-dry), 100 .
- (oil-immersion) .
. .
. (parfocal) . ,
. .

.
.

.
.
. .
1.
. . 1.6
.

BM-5
 . , 10
7.7mm , 100 0.12 mm
( 1.1). 100

10 16.0 7.7
.
40 4.0 0.3
100 1.8 0.12 .

.
.
.
. .
. . .
(condenser)
. 1. .
2. ,
- .
. .
( 3. 10 .
1.4 ). (parfocal) 4. (
).
. 5.
(10 ) - (40 ) 100 .
(immersion oil) , 6. .
100 . 7. .
. , 8. .
100 9. .
10. .
.

, . 1 .
(Blue)
(Green) . 100 .
. .

BM-6
 1

1. .

2. .

3. (a) ? (b) .

4. ?

5. 100 4 .

6. 10 .

7. 100 ?

8. .

( , - , ,
, ) .
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?
7. .
?

BM-7
8. (diopter adjustment) ?
9. ?

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5.
.

.
1. ?
a.
b.
c.
d. a b
e. b c

2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

3. ?
a. (binocular)
b. (myopic)
c. (parfocal)
d. (refractive)
e. (resolute)

4. 10 , 100
?
a. 10
b. 100
c. 200
d. 1000
e. 2000

5. (image contrast) ?
a. .

BM-8
 b. .
c. .
d. .
e. .

6. 100 ?
a. .
b. .
c. .
d. a c
e.

BM-9