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DPP Functions Basics Neha Agrawal

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DPP Functions Basics Neha Agrawal

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Mr Physco
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DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS

1. 𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 1 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4).

2. 𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠?

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.

(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,5)}

(𝑖𝑖) 𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1)}

3. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓: 𝑅 ⟶ 𝑅: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1.

4. 𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1

5. What is the name of the function given below?

a. Absolute value b. Reciprocal c. Square root d. Exponential

6. 𝐼𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑐𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛?

7. 𝐷𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 = 1 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥?

8. 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 ℎ(𝑥 − 2).


1
9. Find the domain of the functions (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25 (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2

10. Find the range of the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = √25 − 𝑥 2


DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
DPP: SOLUTIONS

1. 𝐼𝑓 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 1 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4).

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝑓(2) = 2(22 ) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9

𝑓(4) = 2(42 ) + 1 = 32 + 1 = 33

𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝑓(2) − 𝑓(4) = 9 − 33 = −24

2. 𝑊ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠?

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.

(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3), (2,5)}

(𝑖𝑖) 𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1), (8,1), (11,1)}

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

(𝑖) 𝑓 = {(1,3), (1,5), (2,3)(2,5)}

𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑛𝑠 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 ℎ𝑎𝑣𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑓 − 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑠, 𝑖. 𝑒. , 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5.

𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.

(𝑖𝑖)𝑔 = {(2,1), (5,1)(8,1)(11,1)}

𝐻𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑒𝑎𝑐ℎ 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑎𝑖𝑟 ℎ𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑐ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒.

𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑔 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛.

𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑔 = {2, 5, 8, 11} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑔 {1}

3. 𝐹𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓: 𝑅 ⟶ 𝑅: 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1.

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝑓) = 𝑅.

𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜, 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 1 ⟹ 𝑥 = √𝑦 − 1.

𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 − 1 ≥ 0. 𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝑦 ≥ 1.

∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 (𝑓) = { 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅: 𝑦 ≥ 1}. 𝑜𝑟, [1, ∞)


DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
4. 𝑊𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 ∶ 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 − 1

𝑇𝑜 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑: 𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒

∴𝑥−1≥0 ∴𝑥≥1

∴ 𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 = 𝑥 ∈ [1, ∞)

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑦,

∴ 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1 ∴ 𝑦2 = 𝑥 − 1

∴ 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 + 1 ⇒ 𝑦 ∈ 𝑅 but 𝑦 is positive (because of square root function)

∴ 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = [ 0, ∞)

5. What is the name of the function given below?

a. Absolute value b. Reciprocal c. Square root d. Exponential

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

The graph of given function represents absolute value (modulus) function.

6. 𝐼𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑝ℎ 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑐𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛?


DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝑉𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑡: A vertical line cuts the graph at two points. Hence, the graph

is not that of a function.

7. 𝐷𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 = 1 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑥?

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

𝑦2 = 1 − 𝑥

𝑦 = +√1 − 𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −√1 − 𝑥

For one value of 𝑥 we have two values of 𝑦. Hence this is not a function.

8. 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 ℎ(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 5 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 ℎ(𝑥 − 2).

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

ℎ(𝑥 − 2) = 3(𝑥 − 2)2 − 7(𝑥 − 2) − 5

⇒ ℎ(𝑥 − 2) = 3(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 7𝑥 + 14 − 5

= 3𝑥 2 − 19𝑥 + 21
1
9. Find the domain of the functions (i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25 (ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏:

(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 2 − 25

𝑥 2 − 25 ≥ 0

⇒ (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5) ≥ 0

⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−∞, −5] ∪ [5, ∞)


1
(ii) 𝑓(𝑥) =
√25−𝑥 2

25 − 𝑥 2 > 0

⇒ 𝑥 2 − 25 < 0

⇒ (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5) < 0

⇒ 𝑥 ∈ (−5, 5)
DPP: Basics OF FUNCTIONS

10. Find the range of the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = √25 − 𝑥 2

𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

(i) Let 𝑦 = √25 − 𝑥 2

𝑦 2 = 25 − 𝑥 2

⇒ 𝑥 2 = 25 − 𝑦 2

⇒ 𝑥 = √25 − 𝑦 2

25 − 𝑦 2 ≥ 0

⇒ 𝑦 2 − 25 ≤ 0

⇒ (𝑦 + 5)(𝑦 − 5) ≤ 0

⇒ 𝑦 ∈ [−5, 5] but 𝑦 is positive (because of square root)

∴ 𝑦 ∈ [0, 5]

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