ANNA UNIVERSITY REGIONAL CAMPUS MADURAI

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

EE3311 Electrical Machines Laboratory – I
R2021
III Semester B.E (EEE)

Laboratory Manual

Prepared By
Dr. M. Bhavani, AP/EEE,
AURC Madurai

Student :
Name
Register :
Number
Branch :
Year : Semester :
 PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science,
engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the
solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and
analyze complex engineering problems reaching substantiated
conclusions using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences.
3. Design / development of solutions: Design solutions for complex
engineering problems and design system components or processes that
meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public
health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based
knowledge and research methods including design of experiments,
analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to
provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques,
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and
modeling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the
contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural
issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the
professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental
contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and
as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering
activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such
as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design
documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and
understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply
these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage
projects and in multi disciplinary environments.
12. Life- long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation
and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the
broadest context of technological change.
EE3311 ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY - I L T P C 0 0 3 1.5

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
• To expose the students to determine the characteristics of DC
machines and transformers by performing experiments on these
machines.
• To provide hands on experience to evaluate the performance
parameters of DC machines and transformer by conducting
suitable tests.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Open circuit and load characteristics of DC shunt generator- calculation
of critical resistance and critical speed.
2. Load characteristics of DC Compound generator with differential and
cumulative connections.
3. Load test on DC shunt motor.
4. Load test on DC compound motor.
5. Load test on DC series motor.
6. Swinburne’s test and speed control of DC shunt motor.
7. Hopkinson’s test on DC motor – generator set.
8. Load test on single-phase transformer and three phase transformers.
9. Open circuit and short circuit tests on single phase transformer.
10. Sumpner’s test on single phase transformers.
11. Separation of no-load losses in single phase transformer.
12. Study of starters and 3-phase transformers connections.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course students will be able to:
o CO1: Construct the circuit with appropriate connections for the given
DC machine/transformer.
o CO2: Experimentally determine the characteristics of different types of
DC machines.
o CO3: Demonstrate the speed control techniques for a DC motor for
industrial applications.
o CO4: Identify suitable methods for testing of transformer and DC
machines.
o CO5: Predetermine the performance parameters of transformers and DC
motor.
o CO6: Understand DC motor starters and 3-phase transformer
connections.
 INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS

Read this section carefully before performing any experiment in

Electrical Machines Laboratory

1. While performing experiments in the Electrical Machine Laboratory, you must

follow stringent safety rules and precautionary measures for your own safety as
well as for safety of your co-workers. Always remember that you are working at
voltage levels much higher compared to normal working voltage.
2. Don’t attempt to enter the lab except when asked for and accompanied by
concerned Lab Staff / Instructors.
3. For reasons of safety, every student must come to the laboratory in shoes
(covering the whole feet). It is unsafe for the students to come to the
laboratory wearing garments with parts that hang about loosely such the lab.
Hence lab users are requested to avoid wearing garments with loose hanging
parts. Students should preferably use half-sleeve shirts..
4. Instruments and Lab component will be issued from the Lab Staff. Instruments
and Lab components must be returned to the Lab Staff / Instructors on the
same day after work hours.
5. The student should take the permission and guidance of the Lab Staff before
operating any machine. Do not attempt to operate any equipment yourself
without permission of the concerned teachers / instructors. You should never
be in casual while in the lab. Be careful that you don’t operate any button etc.
by mistake: it may lead to serious mal -operation and hazards. Unauthorized
usage of any machine without prior guidance may lead to fatal accidents and
injury.
6. Always maintain sufficient distance from the live objects to avoid electrical shock
due to induction.
7. The student should not lean on the machine or take any kind of support of the
machine at any point of time. If found leaning on a machine without proper
reasons serious action would be taken.
8. Laboratory reports should be duly written in the Observation note and get it
corrected by concerned faculty, before the next laboratory class.
9. While entering for Laboratory class, students must bring record note with
completed previous week’s experiment.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

Exp. Page
Name of the Experiment
No No
FIRST CYCLE
Open Circuit and Load Characteristics of DC Shunt
1 generator – Calculation of critical resistance and
critical speed.
2 Load Test on DC Shunt motor

3 Load Test on DC Compound motor

4 Load Test on DC Series motor

5 Swinburne’s Test
6 Speed control of DC Shunt motor

SECOND CYCLE
7 Hopkinson’s Test on DC Motor- Generator Set
8 Load Test of Single Phase Transformer
Open Circuit and Short Circuit tests on single phase
9
transformer
Separation of no-load losses in single phase
10
transformer
11 Study of Starters
12 Study of 3-phase transformer Connection

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 Expt. No : 1
Date :
OPEN CIRCUIT AND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF DC
SHUNT GENERATOR – CALCULATION OF CRITICAL
RESISTANCE AND CRITICAL SPEED.
AIM:

To conduct Open Circuit and load test of DC Shunt generator and to obtain

i) The Critical resistance and Critical Speed

ii) The Internal and External characteristics.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Term DC Shunt Motor DC Shunt Generator

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

FUSE RATING:
For Load condition,

Fuse rating = 125% of rated current = Amps.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Name of the
S. No Range Type Quantity
Apparatus
1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Rheostat
4 Tachometer
5 Connecting Wires

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: a) LOAD TEST ON SHUNT GENERATOR

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 PRECAUTIONS:

1. The DPST switch should be at open condition.

2. The field rheostat of the motor should be kept at minimum resistance
position.
3. The field rheostat of the generator should be kept at maximum resistance
position.
4. The starter of the motor should be at OFF position.
5. The load bank also should be at OFF position.

PROCEDURE:

a) OC TEST :

1. Connect as per the circuit diagram, with no load connected on the Generator

side.

2. Close the DPST switch.

3. Start the motor using three point starter.

4. By varying the motor field rheostat, run the DC shunt motor at its rated speed

5. Now the field Rheostat of generator is varied and the field resistance is

gradually decreased in steps thus increasing the field current. At each step the

field current (If) and the corresponding Open circuit voltage are recorded in

the tabular column.

6. This procedure is continued until the open circuit generator voltage reaches its

Rated value.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 b) LOAD TEST :

1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. Before starting the motor, ensure that the field rheostat of Generator is in

its maximum position. Similarly the load resistance connected to the

Generator should be in its minimum position (No load).

3. Close the DPST switch.

4.Observing all the precautions, the motor is started using the starter

5. Now by adjusting the motor field rheostat, the motor is brought to the

rated speed.

6. Now the field Rheostat of generator is varied and the field resistance is

gradually decreased in steps thus increasing the field current. It is gradually

continued until the generator voltage reaches its rated value.

7. The main switch of the load bank is closed.

8. Then, the electrical load is applied gradually, for different values of load

currents; load voltage is noted. The load is applied up to the full load

current. The readings are tabulated in tabular column.

9.The generated EMF Eg is calculated using the formulae: Eg = VL + IaRa

Volts.

10. Plot the external characteristics (VL vs. IL) and internal characteristics (Eg

vs. Ia)

11. After the experiment is completed the various rheostats are brought back

to their original position in sequence and then main supply is switched off.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 OBSERVATION TABULATION:

Armature resistance Ra = _______Ω

a) OC TEST :

Field Current If Open Circuit

Sl. No
(Ampere) Voltage (Eo)
1
2
3
4
5
6

b) LOAD TEST :

Armature resistance Ra = _______Ω

S. Field Load Armature Induced

Load
No. Current Current IL Current Voltage
Voltage
If (Ampere) 𝑰𝒂 = 𝑰𝑳 + 𝑰𝒇 𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝐼𝑎 𝑅𝑎
VL (volt)
( Ampere) (volt)

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 FOR OC TEST:

CRITICAL FIELD RESISTANCE:

It is that value of the field resistance at which the D.C. shunt generator

will fail to excite.

Critical field resistance is obtained by plotting the OCC as shown in figure

1 and drawing a tangent to the linear position of the curve from the origin.

Then critical resistance is given by the slope of that tangent.

CRITICAL SPEED:

The speed for which the given shunt field resistance becomes the critical

field resistance is called the critical speed (Nc).

Graphically critical speed can be obtained for given Rsh. The steps are,

1. Drawn O.C.C. for given speed N1 as shown in figure 2.

2. Draw a line tangential to this O.C.C. say OA.
3. Draw a line representing the given Rsh say OP.
4. Select any field current say point R.
5. Draw vertical line from R to intersect OA at S and OP at T.
6. Then the critical speed NC is,

While
𝑅𝑇 𝑁𝑐
=
𝑅𝑆 𝑁1

Hence Critical Speed is given by

𝑅𝑇
𝑁𝑐 = 𝑁1 ∗
𝑅𝑆

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 MODEL GRAPH:

a) OC TEST

Field Current (If) in Ampere

Fig. 1. To find Critical resistance.

Fig. 2. To find Critical Speed

b) LOAD TEST :

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 MODEL CALCULATION:

RESULT:

Thus the Open circuit test and Load test is conducted on DC shunt generator.
The Critical field resistance and critical speed are determined from OCC curve
The Internal and External characteristics curves are plotted from the
observations of Load test.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 Expt. No : 2
Date :
LOAD TEST ON DC SHUNT MOTOR
AIM:

To conduct load test on DC shunt motor and plot its Performance

characteristic, Electrical and Mechanical curves.
NAME PLATE DETAIL:

Term DC Shunt Motor

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.No. Apparatus Range Type Quantity

1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Rheostat
4 Tachometer
5 Connecting Wires

PRECAUTIONS:

1. DC shunt motor should be started and stopped under no load condition.

2. Field rheostat should be kept in the minimum position.
3. Brake drum should be cooled with water when it is under load.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 PROCEDURE:

1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. After checking the no load condition, and minimum field rheostat position, DPST
switch is closed and starter resistance is gradually removed.
3. The motor is brought to its rated speed by adjusting the field rheostat.
4. Ammeter, Voltmeter readings, speed and spring balance readings are noted
under no load condition.
5. The load is then added to the motor gradually and for each load, voltmeter,
ammeter, spring balance readings and speed of the motor are noted.
6. The motor is then brought to no load condition and field rheostat to minimum
position, then DPST switch is opened.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai
 TABULATION:

Circumference of the Brake drum = cm.

Line Line Spring Balance Output Input
Speed Torque Efficie
S. Voltage Current Reading Power Power
(S1S2)Kg N T ncy
No VL IL Po Pi
S1(Kg) S2(Kg) (rpm) (Nm) (% )
(Volt) (Amp) (Watt) (Watts)

FORMULAE USED:
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
1. 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑢𝑚, 𝑅 = in m
2 𝜋∗100

2. 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒, 𝑇 = 𝑆1 − 𝑆2 ∗ 𝑅 ∗ 9.81 𝑖𝑛 𝑁𝑚
3. 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑉𝐿 ∗ 𝐼𝐿 in Watt
2𝜋 𝑁 𝑇
4. 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟, 𝑃𝑜 = in Watt
60
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 {𝑃𝑜 )
5. 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦, = ∗ 100
𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃 𝑖

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

 MODEL GRAPH:

a) Performance characteristic curves:

:

b) Mechanical and Electrical characteristic curve:

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering AURC Madurai

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 16

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:

Thus the Load test on DC shunt motor is carried out and the Performance,
Electrical and Mechanical curves are plotted.
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 17

Expt. No : 3
Date :
LOAD TEST ON DC SERIES MOTOR
AIM:

To conduct load test on DC Series Motor and to obtain its Performance,

Electrical and Mechanical characteristic curves.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Term DC Series Motor

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.No. Apparatus Range Type Quantity

1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Tachometer
4 Connecting
wires

PRECAUTIONS:
1. The motor should be started and stopped with load
2. Brake drum should be cooled with water when it is under load.
PROCEDURE:
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.
2. After checking the load condition , DPST switch is closed and starter
resistance is gradually removed.
3. For various loads, Voltmeter, Ammeter readings, speed and spring
balance readings are noted.
4. After bringing the load to its initial position, DPST switch is opened.
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 18

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 19

TABULATION:

Circumference of the Brake drum = cm.

Line Line Spring Balance Output Input

Speed Torque Effici
S. Voltage Current Reading Power Power
(S1 - S2)Kg N T ency
No VL IL Po Pi
S1(Kg) S2(Kg) (rpm) (Nm) (% )
(Volt) (Amp) (Watt) (Watt)
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 20

FORMULAE USED:
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
1. 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑢𝑚, 𝑅 = in m
2 𝜋∗100

2. 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒, 𝑇 = 𝑆1 − 𝑆2 ∗ 𝑅 ∗ 9.81 𝑖𝑛 𝑁𝑚
3. 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑉𝐿 ∗ 𝐼𝐿 in Watt
2𝜋 𝑁 𝑇
4. 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟, 𝑃𝑜 = in Watt
60
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑜
5. 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦, = ∗ 100
𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃 𝑖

MODELGRAPH:

y3 y2 y1
TorqueT (Nm)

Speed N (rpm)
Efficiency%

T
Performance Curves
E

Power(Watt)

Mechanical Curve Electrical Curve

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 21

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:
Thus load test on DC series motor is conducted and its Performance, Electrical
and Mechanical curves are plotted.
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 22

Expt. No : 4
Date :
LOAD TEST ON DC COMPOUND MOTOR
AIM:

To conduct load test on DC Compound Motor and to obtain its Performance,

Electrical and Mechanical characteristic curves.

NAME PLATE DETAIL:

Term DC Compound Motor

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

S.No. Apparatus Range Type Quantity

1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Rheostat
4 Tachometer
5 Connecting Wires

PRECAUTIONS:
1. DC compound motor should be started and stopped under no load condition.

2. Field rheostat should be kept in the minimum position.

3. Brake drum should be cooled with water when it is under load.

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 23

PROCEDURE:
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. After checking the no load condition, and minimum field rheostat

position, DPST switch is closed and starter resistance is gradually

removed.

3. The motor is brought to its rated speed by adjusting the field rheostat.

4. Ammeter, Voltmeter readings, speed and spring balance readings are

noted under no load condition.

5. The load is then added to the motor gradually and for each load,

voltmeter, ammeter, spring balance readings and speed of the motor

are noted.

6. The motor is then brought to no load condition and field rheostat to

minimum position, then DPST switch is opened.

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 24

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 25

TABULATION:

Circumference of the Brake drum = cm.

Line Spring Balance Effi

Line Output Input
Voltag Reading Speed Torque cien
Current Power Power
S.No e (S1 - S2)Kg N T cy
IL Po Pi
VL S1(Kg) S2(Kg) (rpm) (Nm) (%
(Amp) (Watt) (Watt)
(Volt) )

FORMULAE USED:
𝐶𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑚𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
1. 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑢𝑚, 𝑅 = in m
2 𝜋∗100

2. 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒, 𝑇 = 𝑆1 − 𝑆2 ∗ 𝑅 ∗ 9.81 𝑖𝑛 𝑁𝑚
3. 𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑖 = 𝑉𝐿 ∗ 𝐼𝐿 in Watt
2𝜋 𝑁 𝑇
4. 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟, 𝑃𝑜 = in Watt
60
𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃𝑜
5. 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦, = ∗ 100
𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃 𝑖
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 26

MODELGRAPH:

TorqueT (Nm)
Speed (rpm)
Efficiency%

y3 y2 y1


Performance Curves
N

Output Power (Watt)

Mechanical Curve Electrical Curve

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 27

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:
Thus load test on DC Compound motor is conducted and its Performance,
Electrical and Mechanical curves are plotted.
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 28

Expt. No : 5
Date :
SPEED CONTROL OF DC SHUNT MOTOR
AIM:

To control the speed of DC shunt motor by

i. Varying armature voltage with field current constant.(Armature control)
ii. Varying field current with armature voltage constant.(Field control)
NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Term DC Shunt Motor

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

FUSE RATING:
For No - Load condition,

Fuse rating = 10% of rated current = ______ Ampere.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Name of the
S. No Range Type Quantity
Apparatus
1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Rheostat
4 Tachometer
5 Connecting Wires
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 29

PRECAUTIONS:
1. Field Rheostat should be kept in the minimum resistance position at

the time of starting and stopping the motor.

2. Armature Rheostat should be kept in the maximum resistance position

at the time of starting and stopping the motor.

PROCEDURE:
1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. After checking the maximum position of armature rheostat and

minimum position of field rheostat, DPST switch is closed

i. Armature Control:
1. Field current is fixed to various values and for each fixed value, by

varying the armature rheostat, speed is noted for various voltages

across the armature.
2. Bringing field rheostat to minimum position and armature rheostat to

maximum position DPST switch is opened.

ii. Field Control:

1. Armature voltage is fixed to various values and for each fixed value,
by adjusting the field rheostat, speed is noted for various field
currents.
2. Bringing field rheostat to minimum position and armature rheostat to

maximum position DPST switch is opened.

`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 30

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 31

TABULATION:

Field Current, If = (A)

S.No.
Armature Voltage Speed

Va( V) N (rpm)

Armature Voltage
Va = (V)
S.No.
Field Current Speed

If(A) N (rpm)
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 32

MODEL GRAPH:

Armature Control Method Field Control Method

RESULT :

Thus the speed of DC shunt motor is controlled using Armature and Field
control Method.
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 33

Expt. No : 6
Date :
SWINBURNE’S TEST
AIM:

To conduct Swinburne’s test on DC shunt motor to Pre-determine efficiency,

when it works as generator and motor without actually loading the machine.

NAME PLATE DETAILS:

Term DC Shunt Motor

Power
Voltage
Current
Speed
Field current

FUSE RATING:
For No - Load condition,

Fuse rating = 10% of rated current = ______ Ampere.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

Name of the
S. No Range Type Quantity
Apparatus
1 Ammeter
2 Voltmeter
3 Rheostat
4 Tachometer
5 Connecting Wires
`

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 34

PRECAUTIONS:
1. The field rheostat of motor should be in minimum resistance position at

the time of starting and stopping the machine.

PROCEDURE:(NO LOAD TEST)

1. Connections are made as per the circuit diagram.

2. After checking the minimum position of field rheostat, DPST switch is

closed and starting resistance is gradually removed.

3. By adjusting the field rheostat, the machine is brought to its rated speed.

4. The armature current, field current and voltage readings are noted.

5. The field rheostat is then brought to minimum position and DPST switch is

opened.
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 35

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 36

TABULATION:
NO LOAD TEST

Field Armature Line Voltage VL

S.No.
Current (If) Current Ia (A) (V)
1.

a) PERFORMANCE AS A MOTOR:
Armature resistance = ___________ Ω

Copper
Line Field Armatu Con Total Input Output
S. Line Voltage loss Effici
Current Current re stant Losses Power Power
No. VL Pcu = Ia2Ra ency
If Current Loss PL= Pcu +
IL Pc Pin = Pout = Pin η
VL*IL TL
Ia = I L - If Pc -

(V) (A) (A) (A) (W) (W) (W) (W) (W) %

Unit
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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 37

a) PERFORMANCE AS A GENERATOR:
Armature resistance = ___________ Ω

Copper
Load Field Armatu Con Total Outp Input
S. Load Voltage loss Effici
Current Current re stant Losses ut Power
No. VL Pcu = Ia2Ra ency
If Current Loss PL= Pcu + Power
IL Pc Pin = Pout η
Ia = I L + If Pc Pout = + TL
VL*IL

(V) (A) (A) (A) (W) (W) (W) (W) (W) %

Unit

FORMULAE USED :

To Find Constant Loss Wc:

No load line current (IL0) = Ia0 + If

No load input (Pio) = V * ILo

Armature copper loss (PCuo) = Iao2*Ra

Constant loss (Pc) = Pio – PCuo

To Estimate the Efficiency as Motor:

Input power (Pin) = VL*IL

Armature current (Ia) = IL– If

Armature copper loss (Pcu) = Ia2*Ra

Total Losses (Pt) = Pcu+ Pc

Output Power (Po) = Pi – Pt

Efficiency of motor = (Pout / Pin)*100

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ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB-I 38

To Estimate the Efficiency as Generator:

Output power (Pout) = VL*IL

Armature current (Ia) = IL + If

Armature copper loss (Pcu) = Ia2*Ra

Total losses (Pt) = Pcu+ Pc

Input power (Pi) = Output + Total losses

% Efficiency = (Pout / Pin)*100

MODEL GRAPH:

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:
Thus the efficiency of the DC shunt machine has been predetermined and characteristic curves are
drawn.