HISTORY OF FOOTBALL IN THE WORLD

Ancient history
The first known examples of a team game involving a ball, which was made out of a rock,
occurred in old Mesoamerican cultures for over 3,000 years ago. It was by the Aztecs
called Tchatali, although various versions of the game were spread over large regions. In some
ritual occasions, the ball would symbolize the sun and the captain of the losing team would be
sacrificed to the gods. A unique feature of the Mesoamerican ball game versions was a bouncing
ball made of rubber – no other early culture had access to rubber.

The first known ball game which also involved kicking took place In China in the 3rd and 2nd
century BC under the name cuju. Cuju was played with a round ball (stitched leather with fur or
feathers inside) on an area of a square. A modified form of this game later spread to Japan and
was by the name of kemari practiced under ceremonial forms.

Perhaps even older cuju was Marn Gook, played by Aboriginal Australians and according to
white emigrants in the 1800s a ball game primarily involving kicking. The ball was made by
encased leaves or roots. The rules are mostly unknown, but as with many other early versions of
the game keeping the ball in the air was probably a chief feature.

Other variety of ball games had been known from Ancient Greece. The ball was made by shreds
of leather filled with hair (the first documents of balls filled with air are from the 7th century).
Ball games had, however, a low status and was not included at the Panhellenic Games. In the
Ancient Rome, games with balls were not included in the entertainment on the big arenas
(amphitheaters), but occurred in exercises in the military by the name of Harpastum. It was the
Roman culture that would bring football to the British island (Britannica). It is, however,
uncertain in which degree the British people were influenced by this variety and in which degree
they had developed their own variants.

When talking about the origins of football it’s important to draw up a distinction between the
game as we know it today and any sport that involved using your feet to kick a ball. That’s
because if you’re talking purely about the latter then you’ll travel all the way back to the second
and third centuries BC in your search for a reference to a game played with the feet.

The Chinese military used to play a game called Tsu' Chu, which involved the kicking of a ball
made of leather and filled with hair and feathers through a small opening and into a net. The
player wasn’t allowed to use their hands bud had to make use of their body in order to hold off
opponents who were trying to put them off by jumping on top of them. So a lot like playing
against a Tony Pulis team.

About 500 years later the Japanese invented a game called Kemari. This was less adversarial and
more about working as a team to stop the ball from touching the ground. Like a more organised
version of keepie-uppie, this game is still played today.
 Kemari - By Akisato Rito (秋里籬島) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Ancient Greece had a game called Episkyros, which involved using the feet, and the Romans had
their own sport known as Harpastum. This involved trying to get the ball across boundary lines
in the opposition’s half of the pitch and was popular for nearly a century. They did introduce the
game into Britain but it’s unlikely to have had any real influence on modern day football.

No, today’s game takes its origins from a decision in 1863 for rugby football and association
football to go their separate ways. That was when the rules of the game began to be formalised,
though there are reports of games of football being played as early as 1581 in schools in
England. The first documented use of the word ‘football’ actually happened as long ago as 1409!

MODERN HISTORY OF FOOTBALL IN THE WORLD

Modern football originated in Britain in the 19th century. Since before medieval times, “folk
football” games had been played in towns and villages according to local customs and with a
minimum of rules. Industrialization and urbanization, which reduced the amount of leisure time
and space available to the working class, combined with a history of legal prohibitions against
particularly violent and destructive forms of folk football to undermine the game’s status from
the early 19th century onward. However, football was taken up as a winter game between
residence houses at public (independent) schools such as Winchester, Charterhouse, and Eton.
Each school had its own rules; some allowed limited handling of the ball and others did not. The
variance in rules made it difficult for public schoolboys entering university to continue playing
except with former schoolmates. As early as 1843 an attempt to standardize and codify the rules
of play was made at the University of Cambridge, whose students joined most public schools in
1848 in adopting these “Cambridge rules,” which were further spread by Cambridge graduates
who formed football clubs. In 1863 a series of meetings involving clubs from
metropolitan London and surrounding counties produced the printed rules of football, which
prohibited the carrying of the ball. Thus, the “handling” game of rugby remained outside the
newly formed Football Association (FA). Indeed, by 1870 all handling of the ball except by the
goalkeeper was prohibited by the FA.

African Football – Early History

Football was first introduced to Africa in the early 1860s by Europeans, due to the colonization
of Africa. The first recorded games were played in South Africa in 1862 between soldiers and
civil servants and there were no established rules for the game at this time; historian Peter Alegi
said that it "spread very quickly through the mission schools, through the military forces and
through the railways." Initially, there were various forms of playing the game, which included
elements of both rugby and soccer. It was not until October 26, 1863 that the "rules of
association football were codified." The first official football organization in Africa,
Pietermaritzburg County Football Association, was established in 1880.Teams were being
established in South Africa before 1900, Egypt and in Algeria during a similar time period.
Savages FC (Pietermaritzburg, South Africa), and Gezira SC are the oldest African football clubs
that remain in existence. Both began play in 1882 followed by Alexandria SC (1890), CDJ
Oran from Algeria in 1894 and CAL Oran from Algeria too in 1897. By the 1930s, football was
being played in Central Africa. In 1882, the first national governing body on the content was
formed, South African Football Association (SAFA). SAFA was a whites-only association that
became the first member of FIFA in South Africa in 1910.
As Africa is a highly superstitious continent many African teams depend on witch doctors for
success. Activities that witch doctors have performed for teams include cutting players, placing
potions on equipment, and sacrificing animals.[9]
Children are also often exploited by agents in cases of football trafficking. Other issues faced in
African football include a lack of organization by national team officials, and internal disputes
between players and federation officials. Football in Africa witnessed a great development in the
last stage, which gained international fame, after the honor and representation of the honorable
Congolese team TP Mazembe in the 2010 FIFA Club World Cup, the FIFA international
tournament hosted by United Arab Emirates when TP Mazembe reached the final match against
the Italian club Inter Milan. And Moroccan team Raja in the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup, the
tournament hosted by Morocco when Raja reached the final match against the German
club Bayern Munich.
In the 1990s, football in Africa experienced huge waves of change. One big change was the
football migration to Europe. Many talented young players sought big careers in Europe and shot
for their chance to make it big. Peter Alegi mentions the story of two in particular: Michale
Essien who ended up making millions, and Albert Youmba who ended up failing. He states,
“Penniless, homeless, and without a work permit, the young Cameroonian chose the life of an
illegal immigrant rather than face potential embarrassment and shame if he went home.”. [15] The
hardships that Youmba faced versus the amount of success that Essien was met with showed the
largely different experiences that a young African footballer would have to be prepared to face if
they migrated.

Confederation of African Football – A New Era for Football in Africa

In 1957, Sudan had a large hand in founding the CAF or Confederation of African Football, the
governing body of African football. The four founding members were Sudan, Egypt, South
Africa and Ethiopia. The first Africa Cup of Nations was also held in 1957. The Cup of Nations
is a biannual continental tournament in Africa. Even in 1934, Africa had a competitor at the
World Cup, Egypt. From 1957, there have been plenty of competitors from Africa at the World
Cup. That being said, the furthest an African team has got at a World Cup, is quarterfinals, with
3 different national teams. But, football in Africa has been much more organized compared to
when the CAF wasn’t around.

Women’s Football in Africa

Women’s football in Africa hasn’t had the same fate as the men’s football had. Women’s
football was started by Nigeria and their many women’s football clubs. Senegal and Nigeria
played the most of any other country when it comes to women’s football. Nigeria even sent their
national team to the 1991 Women’s World Cup. In 1991, the Women’s Cup of Nations was
established by the CAF and Nigeria, to no one’s surprise, has won the Cup 11 times, out of 13.
Equatorial Guinea won the remaining 2 tournaments. It is a biennial tournament but was not
biennial until 1998. It is also a qualifying tournament for the Women’s World Cup and has been
since 1993.

Football in Africa has become something very modern. It has come a long way, from the times
when witch doctors had more say than coaches. Today, both men’s and women’s Africa Cup of
Nations is held every two years and fans from Africa have what to look forward to, every season
and every two years.

HISTORY OF FOOTBAALL IN ETHIOPIA

The Italians were the first to promote the football in Ethiopia, after 1937. No overall Ethiopian
championship was played in 1938 and 1939, but there were regional leagues in the provinces of
Amhara (capital Gondar), Harar (capital Harar), Scioa (capital Addis Abeba) and Galla e Sidama
(capital Jimma).
The "Campo Sportivo "Littorio" was the first football stadium of Addis Abeba: successively it
was enlarged in 1940 with tribune and athletic lanes and after WW2 was renamed Addis Ababa
Stadium. In 1944 the first Ethiopian Championship was held in Addis Abeba under Haile
Selassie rule, with 5 teams representing the various communities in the capital conquered by the
Allies. In the final match the BMME of the British Army won the Fortitudo of the remaining
Italian colonists. Participants: St. George (Ethiopian); BMME (British); Fortitudo (Italian);
Ararat (Armenian); Olympiakos (Greek).
Early years
Football in Ethiopia came under the control of the Ethiopian Football Federation (EFF) when
that organisation was founded in 1943. The EFF affiliated to FIFA in 1953 and to
the Confederation of African Football in 1957. League football was in existence before the
formation of the EFF with regional leagues contested during the 1938/39 and 1939/40 seasons in
the provinces of Eritrea, Harar, Amhara, Scioa and Galla-Sidamo as part of the Italian
occupation.
The first recognised version of the Ethiopian Premier League was contested in 1944 when five
teams representing the various communities of Addis Ababa competed for a title won by the
British Military Mission-BMME.[7] The Ethiopian Cup was added the following year and has
been contested regularly since (albeit with some gaps, notably in the 1960s).
Contemporary football
The Ethiopian Premier League has been an annual competition since 1948 with Saint George
FC emerging as the country's leading club with 24 titles.[9]
Ethiopia was suspended by FIFA in 2008 after the Federal Parliamentary Assembly sacked
Ashebir Woldegiorgis from his position as EFF President and replaced him with their candidate
Ahmed Yasin. As a result, FIFA, who opposed government interference in football, suspended
the country in July 2008.[10] The suspension was lifted in July 2009 following the election of new
EFF leaders.[11]

International
The Ethiopia national football team made its first appearance in 1947 and since then have
enjoyed both highs and lows. As one of the few independent African states in the immediate
aftermath of the Second World War Ethiopia were an important team in the development of the
international football in the continent.
Africa Cup of Nations
Ethiopia was one of the pioneers of the Africa Cup of Nations and were one of only three teams
to enter the inaugural 1957 tournament, finishing as runners-up to Egypt. They were also present
at the 1959 tournamentAs hosts of the 1962 tournament and led by goalscorer Mengistu Worku,
Ethiopia defeated Tunisia and the United Arab Republic (Egypt) to be crowned African
champions for the only time in their history.
They hosted the tournament again in 1968 and 1976 but by then decline had set in and their next
appearance in a finals tournament came in 1982. They returned in the 2013 African Cup of
Nations but got knocked-out in the group stages with only one point and finished bottom of their
group.
World Cup
Ethiopia have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup.
CECAFA
Ethiopia are also members of the Council for East and Central Africa Football
Associations (CECAFA) and take part in its competitions. They first won the CECAFA Cup in
1987 as hosts and repeated the same triumph in 2001 and 2004 before adding a fourth title
in Rwanda in 2005.
Other teams
In 2005 the Under-20s team won its sole CECAFA U-20 Championship.
Club football
No Ethiopian club side has ever won the CAF Champions League or any other international club
competitions. The best performances were the semi-final places achieved by the Cotton Factory
Club in 1964 and Saint George in 1967.

Thankyou!
 Department Of Degree Sport Science
HISTORY OF FOOTBALL;-
IN THE WORLD(ancient & modern)
IN AFRICA &
IN ETHIOPIA

Name yohannes weletaw

Id. No. DESPSC/60/11
Sec.extension shift B

Submitted to; Mr.siyamregn