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Aw139 Ata 28-Fuel

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
331 views67 pages

Aw139 Ata 28-Fuel

Uploaded by

oluwatoyosi.ao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 67

Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.

3/B2)

CHAPTER

28
FUEL

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

SECTION 28-10 - STORAGE ............................................................................................................................................. 4


DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
PRIMARY COMPONENTS ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Filler Cap .......................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Filler Neck ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11
Water Drain Valve ............................................................................................................................................................ 11
Fuel Drain Valve ............................................................................................................................................................... 11
Access Panels ................................................................................................................................................................... 11
Tank Sump ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Foam Installation .............................................................................................................................................................. 12
MAINTENANCE INFORMATION .......................................................................................................................................... 21
LEADING PARTICULARS ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
SECTION 28-20 - DISTRIBUTION .................................................................................................................................. 23
DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 23
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS – FUEL CONTROL PANEL ......................................................................................................... 26
BOOSTER PUMP ............................................................................................................................................................... 38
FEED LINE ....................................................................................................................................................................... 38
CHECK VALVE................................................................................................................................................................... 38
FUEL MANIFOLD (SECONDO MONA) .................................................................................................................................. 43
OPERATION ......................................................................................................................................................................... 48
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS – TEST CONTROL PANEL ........................................................................................................ 49
CAPTIONS ........................................................................................................................................................................ 50

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................................. 51


LEADING PARTICULARS ....................................................................................................................................................... 51
SECTION 28-40 - INDICATING ...................................................................................................................................... 52
DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................................................................... 52
PRIMARY QUANTITY PROBE ................................................................................................................................................. 54
FUEL CONTROL UNIT ........................................................................................................................................................... 56
OPERATION ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60
MAINTENANCE INFORMATION .......................................................................................................................................... 66
LEADING PARTICULARS .................................................................................................................................................... 66

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

SECTION 28-10 - STORAGE

DESCRIPTION
The storage system is composed by two main tanks (left and right) located in the rear of the cabin between the engine compartment
floor and the aircraft underside.

Fuel tanks are bladder type, made of rubber impregnated fabric which meet the crash resistant requirements for flexible tanks.
The two tanks are connected together through a flange located on the lower side of the tank at a specific height. This restricts the
quantity of fuel (about 228Kg) usable from only one tank.

A fuel booster pump, secondary quantity probe with low level sensor, fuel and water draining valves are located on the sump plate
at the bottom of each tank

The bottom sump plate is installed on the structure using four clips which, in event of a crash landing, break away from their
attachments allowing the tank, together with the sump, to collapse internally into the bay avoiding damage which may cause fuel
spillage.

Both tanks are gravity filled through a filler cap located on top of the right tank.
Main tanks are provided with connections for the optional auxiliary tank.
The electrical component cables are routed from the sump plate.

The water drain valve can be opened electrically with a switch located in the main landing sponson; a plunger on the valve allows
manual operation.

To ensure an equalisation of pressure between the tanks and existing ambient pressure, each tank is provided at the top with a
venting pipeline routed to the opposite side to prevent post-crash spilling after roll-over.

The height and routing of the pipeline prevents excessive spilling or fuel collection during aircraft manoeuvres.
The venting pipeline ends at the bottom of the helicopter with two outlets.

One vent goes externally, the other goes internally into a fairing at the rear of the main landing gear bay to provide protection in the
event that the external vent becomes blocked with ice or other contamination.

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A flame arrestor in each venting pipeline prevents a flashback to the tanks in the event of fire hazards, such as lighting strikes.

A plate at the top of each main tank, houses the tank supply hose, a pressure switch, a fuel return to tank from engine and
an electrical connector.

The storage system is designed to provide the required safety conditions, including a crash situation, by:

• Tank deformation and elongation to take up the structure shape and capability to break away from its attachments to the
airframe without losing its integrity.
• Crossover vent system to prevent fuel spillage through the vent pipes in the event of the aircraft rolling on its side.
• Part of the tank fuel content is available to be used from a single source.
• Flame arrestors in the venting lines, prevent flashback of flame into a tank.
• Controls and linkage are located clear of fuel tanks.

Main landing gear would collapse upwards in case of crash condition away from fuel tanks.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL STORAGE LAYOUT (Fig 1)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL STORAGE LAYOUT (Fig 2)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL STORAGE LAYOUT (Fig 3)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

Alternative position Aux tank (Fig 3A)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL TANKS SECTION (Fig 4)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

PRIMARY COMPONENTS

Filler Cap
The filler cap is installed on the external right side of the Number 2 tank. A plastic lanyard retains the filler cap to the helicopter
structure preventing it becoming loose.
The filler cap is crash-resistant and is made of stainless steel. It is red and has white labels which detail the open-close procedure.

Filler Neck
The filler neck is installed on the right side of the helicopter, at STA X6082.9, in the Number 2 tank. Twelve screws attach the filler
ring of the filler neck to the helicopter structure. Packing is installed to seal the area.
Refuel of both tanks is provided by the filler neck. The filler cap closes the filler neck and seals the tank.

Water Drain Valve


A water drain valve is installed in the lowest point of the sump plate of both tanks by two screws and two washers.
The valve drains the unwanted water. The valve can be operated both manually and electrically. A push button on the hexagonal
head of the valve lets you operate the valve manually.

Fuel Drain Valve


A drain valve is installed on the sump plate of both tanks, approximately at STA X6180. The drain valve has a threaded end fitting
which engages in a housing in the sump plate. It also has a groove that contains an O ring packing that seals the installation.
Wire Locking secures the Drain valve to the Water Drain Valve.
The drain valve is used to drain the bladder tank fully.
A safety system prevents the operation of the drain valve, therefore the tank can only be drained through a controlled procedure.

Access Panels
The side-access panels are installed on the vertical wall of the tanks. They are attached to a special flange with 24 washers and 24
screws. The flange has a groove for a preformed seal. The top access panel can be removed to do the inspection of the components
installed in the tank.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

Tank Sump
A sump is installed in the bottom of the tanks. It is attached to its flange with 25 washers and 25 screws.
The capacity of the tank sump is approximately 1.1 litres of fuel.

Foam Installation
Foam is installed on all sides of the main tanks in the rear cabin. They keep the tanks in the correct position, thus no tank loads are
applied to surfaces that have no support below them.
The foam has openings which let you drain the tank bay. These openings also allow a sufficient flow of air go through the tank bay.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL TANK INSTALLATION (Fig 5)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL TANK INSTALLATION (Fig 6)

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FUEL TANK ACCESS POINTS (Fig 7)

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DRAIN VALVES INSTALLATION (Fig 8)

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DRAIN VALVES INSTALLATION (Fig 8a)

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WATER DRAIN VALVE OPERATION (Fig 9)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FLAME ARRESTOR (Fig 10)

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FOAM INSTALLATION (Fig 11)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION

• The fuel tank surface can be damaged easily.


o Do not use pointed or sharp edged tools when you touch or move the fuel tank.
o Do not put the fuel tank on surfaces which have sharp edges.
• The fuel tank material is sensitive to light and low temperature conditions.
o Do not let the fuel tank stay in heavy light (such as sun rays) more than necessary.
o Do not touch the fuel tank when the environmental temperature is low.

• Before tank removal, remove the sump, booster pump hose and the primary probe.
• Before water drain valve removal, record the position of the electrical wires.
• After tank removal, replace the nylon installation cord.

LEADING PARTICULARS

Total capacity 1270 Kg (1588 L)


Unusable fuel max 8 Kg (10 L)
Unusable fuel when cross feeding 228 Kg (285 L)
Low fuel caution below 92 Kg (112 L)
Authorized fuels See table 1
Water drain valve electrical supply 28 VDC NON ESS BUS1
Tank weight 16.4 Kg (36.1 lb)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

Fuel Type Applicable Specification


JET A
JET A-1 ASTM D1655
ASTM D1655

DEF STAN 91-86 AVCAT/FSII


MIL-PRF-5624F
JP5
NATO CODE F-44

DEF STAN 91-87-2002 AVTUR/FSII


JP8 MIL-T-83138D
NATO CODE F-34

JP8+100
Aeroshell Performance Additive 101

AUTHORISED FUELS
Table 1

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

SECTION 28-20 - DISTRIBUTION

DESCRIPTION
The fuel distribution system is designed to provide the required safety conditions by:

• Self-sealing frangible couplings on the engine inlet pipelines at engine firewalls and on the hoses at the fuel tanks output.
• Engine feed lines are double wall flexible hoses
• Lines inside the tanks are flexible to allow elongation and avoid tank puncture
• Fuel components and pipelines are routed away from the bottom of the aircraft around tank area.

The distribution system is composed by:

• Booster pump
• Feeding line
• Fuel selector manifold.
• X-feed valve.
• Shut-off valve.
• Non-return valve.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL DISTRIBUTION LAYOUT (Fig 12)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

(Fig 13)

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CONTROLS AND INDICATORS – FUEL CONTROL PANEL (Fig 14)

The fuel distribution controls are housed on the FUEL CONTROL PANEL and is installed on the centre console.
The operative functions and the malfunctions are displayed in the CAS message windows of the MFD.
The Fuel Control Panel provides the following functions:

1 Fuel pumps 1 and 2 Switches:


Turns booster pumps OFF/ON
OFF/ON
2 Fuel Shut-Off Valve 1 and 2 switches:
CLOSES/OPENS Fuel shut-off valve
OFF/ON
3 SHUT-OFF Valve indicators:

• Black when the helicopter has no electrical power supply.

• White flow line is vertical when the shut-off valve is open.

• White flow line is horizontal when the shut-off valve is closed.

NOTE A
In event of fire, shut-off valve 1 or 2 is automatically closed when the associated ENG 1 or ENG 2 push-button is pressed (to
arm the EXTINGUISHER) on the FIRE DETECT/EXT CONTROL PANEL. (Fig 23)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

4 X-FEED Switch:
Closes the x-feed valve.
• CLOSED:
• NORM: Opens the x-feed valve when the pressure switch
in the feed line detects a low pressure condition.

• OPEN: Opens the x-feed valve.

5 X-FEED indicator:

• Black when the helicopter has no electrical power supply.


• White flow line is vertical when the x-feed valve is closed.
• White flow is horizontal when the x-feed valve is open.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL CONTROL PANEL (Fig 14)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

BOOSTER PUMP NO.1 ON (Fig 15)

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BOOSTER PUMP NO.1 AND NO.2 ON (Fig 16)

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BOOSTER PUMP NO.1 AND NO.2 ON AND FUEL SOV NO.1 ON (Fig 17)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

BOOSTER PUMP NO.1 AND NO.2 ON & FUEL SOV NO.1 AND NO.2 ON (Fig 18)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

X-FEED MANUALLY CLOSED (Fig 19)

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X-FEED MANUALLY OPEN (Fig 20)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

X-FEED AUTOMATICALLY OPEN (PRESSURE RESTORED) (Fig 21)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

X-FEED MANUALLY CLOSED (SUCTION MODE FOR ENGINE NO.2) (Fig 22)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

ENGINE FIRE CONDITION (ENG 2 FIRE) (Fig 23)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

BOOSTER PUMP
The d.c. Booster pump is installed on the sump plate at the bottom of each tank.
A slope at the bottom of the tank ensures the sump assembly remains wet whenever fuel is available in the tank.
A screen on the pump housing protects the inlet from large contaminating particles.
The booster pump is provided with an integral overheat protection switch which turns off power to the motor whenever an overheat
conditions exists (power is restored when the overheat is over).
The booster pump includes a cartridge which can be replaced without draining the fuel tank.
The booster pump supplies fuel through a hose inside the tank to a plate installed at the top.

FEED LINE
The top of the tank has a mounting plate, through which the feed line passes via a frangible coupling.
A branch of the feed line output on the plate goes to a pressure switch which senses low pump output pressure.
The plate also has a return line from the engine.
The feed line hose is connected to the fuel selector manifold where a check valve is installed.

CHECK VALVE
In the event of a pump failure, the check valve prevents a reverse flow to the opposite feed line if the cross-feed valve is open.
The check valve incorporates a drain used to discharge over-pressure, applied in the reverse direction, when the valve is closed.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL BOOSTER PUMP INSTALLATION (Fig 24)

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FUEL BOOSTER PUMP INSTALLATION (Fig 24a)

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FUEL PUMP INSTALLATION (Fig 25)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL BOOSTER PUMP REMOVAL INSTALLATION (Fig 26)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL MANIFOLD (SECONDO MONA)


The fuel selector manifold is composed of a d.c. electrically operated shut-off valve and pressure transducer for each feeding line and
d.c. electrically operated x-feed valve.
Two electrical connectors are located on the back side of the fuel selector manifold.
The fuel selector manifold is located on the left side of the cabin, near the horizontal engine firewall.
From the fuel selector manifold pipelines are routed to each engine firewall where are installed using a frangible self-sealing coupling.
The manifold is an assembly composed by:

• Valves, Fuel shut-off, Motor operated

• Pressure transducer

• Machined parts for fuel lines interconnection and supports.

The valve is a “ball type” operated at 28 V d.c. It has two ports and two positions.
The valve is on-line mounted.
The actuators is a high speed rotary type powered by a permanent magnet.
The actuator embodies miniature micro-switches for end of travel cut off.
These provides signals for valve status indication. The rotary direction is controlled by a micro relay.
Each valve is provided with a pressure relief device in order to discharge the fuel over-pressure from manifold outlet port ENGINE 1
or ENGINE 2 to opposite inlets TANK 1 or TANK 2.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL MANIFOLD (Fig 27)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

SECONDO MONA FUEL MANIFOLD (Fig 27a)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

(Alternative) AERO FUEL MANIFOLD (Installed) (Fig 27b)

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OPERATION

• Booster pumps are operated by a switch located on the Fuel Control Panel in the cockpit. (Fig 14, Item 1)
• Shut-off valves are also operated by a switch located on the Fuel Control Panel. (Fig 14, Item 2)
• A visual indicator on the Panel provides the valve condition. (Fig 14, Item 3)
• Engine fuel feeding is normally provided by the booster pump in the onside tank.
• The supply from a tank can be isolated as a result of the shut-off valve selection.
• The shut-off valve can be also automatically closed as a result of an engine fire extinguishing arming. (Fig 23)
• In normal operation the x-feed valve is closed and the engines are supplied from their own booster pumps.
• In the event of a specific failure condition the valve can be manually or automatically opened to x-feed a tank supply to an
opposite engine.
• The x-feed valve can be selected open or closed at any time by setting the switch to OPEN or CLOSED. (Fig 14, Item 4)
• A visual indicator on the Fuel Control Panel provides the valve condition in addition to the advisory FUEL XFEED to the MFD.
(Fig 14, Item 5)
• If the switch is set to NORM the x-feed valve is automatically opened by a signal coming from the pressure switch.
• If the pressure switch detects a loss of pressure in one feeding line, the remaining booster pump supplies the opposite engine
without any aircraft operation limitations.
• The pressure transducer in the manifold of the failed supply lines still provides the operating pressure supply when x-feed
conditions are applied.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS – TEST CONTROL PANEL

The fuel system test push-button is housed on the TEST CONTROL PANEL and is installed on the

console. The Test Control Panel provides the following function:

1 FUEL push-button When pressed the TEST function takes place.

On the PFDs the white legend FUEL reverts to amber TEST and back to FUEL at the end of test. If the test fails, see the relative
caution on the FUEL INDICATING section. The test duration is about 6 seconds.

NOTE B
At the power-up the test is automatically performed and the amber TEST appears.

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS – TEST CONTROL PANEL (Fig 29)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

CAPTIONS
The advisory provided in the CAS message window is as follows:

1 FUEL X-FEED When the x-feed valve is open (either manually or automatically).

NOTE C
When the x-feed valve opens due to a pump failure, the relative tank quantity digital readout becomes grey when the
fuel quantity drops below 228 Kg (503 lb).

MFD CAPTIONS (Fig 30)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION

• Before removal of the booster pump, the position of the feed hose in the fuel tanks must be recorded.
• Before removal of the booster pump, record the position of the electrical wires.
• The booster pump cartridge is removed using a special tool.
• The fuel shut-off lever must be rotated of 180° before cartridge removal.
• Fuel spill from removal of the booster pump cartridge (about 0.25 l) and from the cartridge plug boss must be collected into a
container.
• The position of tank supply hoses to the manifold must be recorded before their disconnection.
• Booster pump and booster pump cartridge must be installed by aligning reference mark.
• Fuel spilling from the manifold and hoses during their removal must be collected into a container.

LEADING PARTICULARS

• Booster pump flow supplying two engines at take-off power 634 Kg/h (1400 lb/h)
• Booster pump flow supplying 385 Kg/h (850 lb/h)
• Left booster pump (1) electrical supply 28 V d.c. ESS BUS 1
• Right booster pump (2) electrical supply 28 V d.c. ESS BUS 2
• Left shut-off valve (1) electrical supply 28 V d.c. ESS BUS 1
• Right shut-off valve (2) electrical supply 28 V d.c. ESS BUS 2
• X-feed valve electrical supply 28 V d.c. ESS BUS 2

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

SECTION 28-40 - INDICATING

DESCRIPTION
The fuel indication system is composed of:

• Primary quantity probe


• Secondary quantity probe
• Low level sensor
• Fuel control unit
• Pressure switch
• Pressure transducer

The fuel indicating system is interfaced with:

• Central fuselage
• Electrical system
• Fuel distribution system
• Fuel storage system
• Modular Avionics Unit

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FUEL INDICATING LAYOUT (Fig 31)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

PRIMARY QUANTITY PROBE


Each tank contains 2 Capacitance type probes, Primary and Secondary.

The Primary probe is installed on a bracket on the internal vertical wall of the tank, by a clamp, two washers and two bolts. (Fig 32)

The secondary probe is installed on the sump plate at the bottom of the tank by a self-locking insert. It includes a low level sensor
that provides a caution when the fuel level in the tank falls below 100 Kg. (Fig 33)

PRIMARY PROBE INSTALLATION (Fig 32)

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SECONDARY PROBE INSTALLATION (Fig 33)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL CONTROL UNIT


The Fuel Control Unit (FCU) is located in the right avionic bay in the rear side of the central fuselage (STA X7040) and coverts fuel
height into fuel mass.
The tank geometry is part of the Fuel Control Unit software.
Specific fuel density compensation is calculated as a function of the fuel temperature.
The Fuel Control Unit is an electronic device that interfaces with the fuel quantity probes and low level sensors; the output is provided
to the Modular Avionics Unit (MAU)
The FCU function are below:

• Reads and interprets fuel quantity data from the fuel probes and transmit digital data via ARINC429 serial data bus to the
MAUs.
• Provides an excitation current to the capacitance probes.
• Reads and interprets low level sensor impedance and transmits digital data via ARINC429 and a discrete signal to the MAUs.
• Provides an excitation events to the thermistor low level sensors.
• Performs a Built In Test (BIT) at power up.
• Performs a continuous BIT.
• Performs a BIT when manually initiated.

The Fuel Control Unit is designed to have two independent and separated channels with data link interfacing so that comparison can
be made between channels and any failure of one does not affected the proper operation of the other.
The fuel indicating also includes the pressure switch located on the engine feeding line and the pressure transducers (located on the
manifold).
They are interfaced with the Modular Avionics Unit.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FCU INSTALLATION (Fig 34)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

View B

FCU INSTALLATION (Fig 35)

View D

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FCU INTERFACE (Fig 36)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

OPERATION

• When the primary probe is immersed in fuel it provides the height of fuel to the FCU, which converts it into fuel mass for the
MFD.
• When the primary probe loses contact with fuel, the measurement is provided by the secondary probe.
• When a primary probe fails to provide a signal when measuring, the FCU signals the loss of the probe as a failure condition
providing the caution 1 (2) FUEL PROBE to the MFD and uses the secondary probe in the same tank to provide the fuel quantity
indication.
• If both primary probes fail the cautions 1 (2) FUEL PROBE are displayed on the MFD. The secondary probe sends a fuel quantity
indication relative to their maximum height (lower than actual fuel quantity).
• When a secondary probe fails to provide a signal when measuring, the relative fuel quantity indication is set to zero.
• If both secondary probes fail the cautions 1 (2) FUEL PROBE are provided to the MFD and the fuel quantity indication is zero.
• If a secondary probe fails in the right (or left) tank while fuel level is below the interconnect aperture, the quantity of fuel
reported is zero while the secondary probe in the left (or right) tank reports its actual fuel level.
The fuel quantity indication in this failure condition is then less than the actual.

• The FCU uses the roll attitude compensation in each channel to determine the fuel quantity calculation.
• When the fuel quantity falls below the low sensor the caution 1 (2) FUEL LOW is provided to the MFD.
• Failure of the low sensor provides the caution 1 (2) FUEL LOW FAIL.
• If the BIT of the FCU detects an internal left/right channel failure, the caution 1 (2) FCU FAIL is provided to the MFD.
• A manual test of the FCU can be operated (only on ground) by selecting the pushbutton FUEL in the Test Control Panel located
in the console. If the result is unsuccessful the caution 1 (2) FCU TEST FAIL is provided to the MFD. (Fig 29)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

• The pressure transducer in the manifold provides continuous pressure monitoring to the MFD.
• In the event of fuel boost pump low pressure, a pressure switch provides the signal for the caution 1 (2) FUEL PUMP to the
MFD.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

Q Line

FUEL QUANTITY INDICATING PHILOSOPHY (Fig 37)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL QUANTITY INDICATING PHILOSOPHY


FUEL LEVEL PROBE FAILURE TOTAL FUEL ROLL COMP. (between ± 5°) NOTE
above Q no failures M1+M2 YES
below Q no failures S1+S2 YES
LH tank shows a fuel level lower than
above Q M1 S1+M2 default 0º
effective
RH tank shows a fuel level lower than
above Q M2 M1+S2 default 0º
effective
above Q S1 M1+M2 YES
above Q S2 M1+M2 YES
below Q M1 S1+S2 YES
below Q M2 S1+S2 YES
below Q S1 0+S2 default 0º LH tank shows a fuel level equal to zero
below Q S2 S1+0 default 0º RH tank shows a fuel level equal to zero
above Q M1 and M2 S1+S2 YES RH / LH indications lower than effective
above Q S1 and S2 M1+M2 YES
below Q M1 and M2 S1+S2 YES
below Q S1 and S2 0+0 default 0º RH / LH tanks show zero fuel

NOTE A
IF THE FUEL LEVEL IS ABOVE THE COLLECTOR LEVEL (L), the FCU will compensate for roll attitudes between ± 5°. When the fuel
level is below the collector no compensation is made.

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL PRESSURE INDICATION (Fig 38)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

FUEL QUANTITY INDICATING (Fig 39)

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

MAINTENANCE INFORMATION

• The main probe must be installed with the UP mark pointing at the top.
• The secondary probe must be removed / installed with the helicopter lifted on jacks.
• The secondary probe must be installed with the mark aligned with the mark on the sump.
• An operational test of the quantity indicating system must be carried out after Primary / Secondary probe or FCU replacement.
• An Operational test of the pressure indicating must be carried out after pressure switch and Fuel Control Unit replacement.

LEADING PARTICULARS

• Fuel pressure switch:


o Decreasing below 0.6 bar (8.7 psi)
o Increasing above 0.7 bar (10.1 psi)
• Fuel operating pressure:
o Red band 2.2 thru 2.7 bar (32 thru 39 psi)
o Red line 2.2 bar (32 psi)
o Green band 0.6 thru 2.1 bar (8.7 thru 30.5 psi)
o Amber band 0 thru 0.5 (0 thru 7.2 psi)
• Fuel low level quantity below 92 Kg
• Fuel Control Unit electrical supply 28 VDC ESS BUS 1 and 28 VDC ESS BUS 2
• Left and right primary probe electrical supply FCU
• Left and right secondary probe electrical supply FCU
• Left and right low level sensor electrical supply FCU

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Agusta AB139/AW139 (PWC PT6C)-Training Manual-Full Course (B1.3/B2)

• Left pressure transducer (1) electrical supply. MAU1 (10 VDC)


• Right pressure transducer (2) electrical supply MAU2 (10 VDC)

CAS MESSAGES

1 (2) FUEL LOW FAIL Respective Low level Sensor is faulty

1 (2) FUEL LOW Fuel level in respective tank is 92 kg or below

1 (2) FUEL PUMP Respective fuel boost pump pressure drops below 0.6 bar. Goes out when above 0.7 bar.

1 (2) FUEL PROBE Respective main or secondary probe is faulty

1 (2) FCU FAIL Right or Left FCU channel has failed

1 (2) FCU FAIL Right or Left channel of FCU fails the BIT test

Loss of communication to a single MAU is detected for FCU 1 or 2.


1 (2) FCU TEST FAIL
(The maintenance message in the CMC is A429/RS 422 BUS)

FUEL XFEED When the X-feed valve is OPEN (manually or automatically)

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