CSC/ECC/ITC/MEC 301 Engineering Mathematics - III DBIT, KURLA

Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Kurla

Subject: Engineering Mathematics-III
Some Important formulas
eix − e−ix
1. sin x =
2i
eix + e−ix
2. cos x =
2
ex − e−x
3. sinh x =
2
e + ex
x
4. cosh x =
2
5. sin(A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B
6. sin(A − B) = sin A cos B − cos A sin B
7. cos(A + B) = cos A cos B − sin A sin B
8. cos(A − B) = cos A cos B + sin A sin B
1
9. cos A cos B = [cos(A + B) + cos(A − B)]
2
1
10. sin A sin B = [cos(A − B) − cos(A + B)]
2
1
11. cos A sin B = [sin(A + B) − sin(A − B)]
2
1
12. sin A cos B = [sin(A + B) + sin(A − B)]
2
13. sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
x x
[⇒ sin x = 2 sin cos ]
2 2
14. cos 2x = cos2 x − sin2 x
[⇒ cos 2x = 2 cos2 x − 1 ( since sin2 x = 1 − cos2 x)]
1 + cos 2x
[⇒ cos2 x = ]
2
Also cos 2x = cos x − sin x ⇒ cos 2x = 1 − 2 sin2 x
2 2
1 − cos 2x
⇒ sin2 x =
2
1
15. cos3 x = (3 cos x + cos 3x)
4
1
16. sin3 x = (3 sin x − sin 3x)
4

1 + cosh 2x
17. cosh2 x =
2
cosh 2x − 1
18. sinh2 x =
2

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 DBIT, KURLA CSC/ECC/ITC/MEC 301 Engineering Mathematics - III

Derivatives of some standard Functions

d d
1. (c) = 0, where c is a constant 11. (sec x) = sec x tan x
dx dx
d n d 1
2. (x ) = nxn−1 12. (sin−1 x) = √
dx dx 1 − x2
d 1 d 1
3. (log x) = 13. (cos−1 x) = − √
dx x dx 1 − x2
d x
4. (e ) = ex d 1
dx 14. (tan−1 x) =
dx 1 + x2
d x
5. (a ) = ax log a d 1
dx 15. (cot−1 x) = −
dx 1 + x2
d
6. (sin x) = cos x d 1
dx 16. (sec−1 x) = √
d dx x x2 − 1
7. (cos x) = − sin x
dx d 1
17. (cosec−1 x) = − √
d dx x x2 − 1
8. (tan x) = sec2 x
dx d dv du
d 18. (uv) = u + v
9. (cot x) = − cosec2 x dx dx dx
dx
du dv
d d u v −u
10. (cosec x) = − cosec x cot x 19. ( ) = dx 2 dx
dx dx v v
Integration Formulae

xn+1
Z
1. xn dx = , (n ̸= −1)
n+1
Z
1
2. dx = log |x|
x
Z
3. ex dx = ex

ax
Z
4. ax dx = , a > 0, a ̸= 1
log a
Z
5. sin x dx = − cos x
Z
6. cos x dx = sin x
Z
7. tan x dx = − log cos x = log sec x
Z
8. cot x dx = log sin x

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CSC/ECC/ITC/MEC 301 Engineering Mathematics - III DBIT, KURLA
Z
9. sec x dx = log(sec x + tan x)
Z
10. cosec x dx = log(cosec x − cotx)
Z
11. sec2 x dx = tan x
Z
12. cosec2 x dx = − cot x
Z
13. sec x tan x dx = sec x
Z
14. cosecx cot x dx = −cosecx
Z
1 x
15. √ dx = sin−1
a2 − x 2 a
Z
1 √ x
16. √ dx = log(x + x2 − a2 ) = cosh−1 ( )
x 2 − a2 a
Z
1 √ x
17. √ dx = log(x + x2 + a2 ) = sinh−1 ( )
2
x +a 2 a
Z  
1 1 a+x 1 −1 x
 
18. dx = log = tanh
a2 − x 2 2a a−x a a
 
x−a
Z
1 1 1 −1 x
 
19. dx = log = − coth
x 2 − a2 2a x+a a a
Z
1 1 −1 x
 
20. dx = tan
a2 + x 2 a a
Z √ x√ 2 a2 x
21. a2 − x2 dx = a − x2 + sin−1
2 2 a
Z √
x√ 2 a2 √
22. a2 + x2 dx = a + x2 + log(x + x2 + a2 )
2 2
Z √
x√ 2 a2 √
23. x2 − a2 dx = x − a2 − log(x + x2 − a2 )
2 2
[f (x)]n+1
Z
24. [f (x)]n f ′ (x)dx = , n ̸= −1
n+1
eax
Z
25. eax cos bx = [a cos bx + b sin bx]
a2 + b 2
eax
Z
26. eax sin bx = [a sin bx − b cos bx]
a2 + b 2
Z ′
f (x)
27. dx = log|f (x)|
f (x)

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 DBIT, KURLA CSC/ECC/ITC/MEC 301 Engineering Mathematics - III
Z
28. ef (x) f ′ (x)dx = ef (x)
Z
29. ex [f (x) + f ′ (x)]dx = ex f (x)
Z
30. sin[f (x)]f ′ (x)dx = −cosf (x)
Z
31. cos[f (x)]f ′ (x)dx = sinf (x)
Z a Z a
32. f (x)dx = f (a − x)dx
0 0
Z 2a Z a Z a
33. f (x)dx = f (x)dx + f (2a − x)dx
0 0 0
( Ra
Z a
2 0 f (x)dx , if f (x) is even
34. f (x)dx =
−a 0 , if f (x) is odd
 Z a
Z 2a 2 f (x) dx, if f (x) = f (2a − x)
35. f (x)dx = 0
0 0, if f (x) = −f (2a − x)

Z Z Z  Z 
du
36. Integration by parts uv dx = u v dx − v dx dx
dx
Z
37. log x dx = x log x − x

38. Generalised
Z uv rule for integration by parts
uv dx = uv1 − u′ v2 + u′′ v3 − u′′′ v4 + · · ·

where ’dashes’ represent differentiation and suffixes represent integration.

That is,
′ du ′′ d2 u ′′′ d3 u
u = , u = 2,u = 3 ......
dx dx dx
and Z Z Z
v1 = vdx, v2 = v1 dx, v3 = v2 dx, . . . . . .

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