Scribd
Upload
24 views4 pages

Calibration of Orifice Manual Fluid Mechanics

Calibration of weir manual

Uploaded by

anujphadatare47
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
24 views4 pages

Calibration of Orifice Manual Fluid Mechanics

Calibration of weir manual

Uploaded by

anujphadatare47
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Pravin S Chaudhari ,Hydraulics Laboratory

Civil & Environmental Engineering Department


VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai

Calibration of Orifice

Title : Calibration of Orifice

Aim :
To determine the hydraulic coefficients , coefficient of contraction
Cc , coefficient of velocity Cv , coefficient of discharge Cd for
orifice .

Apparatus :
Pipeline , Venturimeter, Control valve ,Pressure measuring device ,
Measuring tank , stop watch and Micrometer contraction gauge .

Theory :
Orifice is an opening in the wall of a vessel or tank through which
liquid discharges . The opening may be in the side or bottom of vessel or it
may be in the plate placed between the flanges in a long pipe line.

Vena contracta :- The liquid passes out of an orifice in the form of a jet . The
jet goes on contracting from the mouth of orifice up to a distance about the
half the orifice diameter beyond which it begins to expand. The least section
of jet is known as vena-contracta.
As vena contracta has got the least cross-sectional area the velocity of liquid
at that section will naturally be maximum .
Hydraulic coefficients are i. Coefficient of velocity Cv
ii. Coefficient of contraction Cc
iii. Coefficient of discharge Cd

Coefficient of velocity Cv
Cv = Vc / Vo
Vc cross-sectional area of jet at vena-contracta
Vo cross-sectional area of orifice

Coefficient of discharge Cd

Calibration of Orifice Orifice- 1


Pravin S Chaudhari ,Hydraulics Laboratory
Civil & Environmental Engineering Department
VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai

Cd = Qactual / Q theoretical
Q actual = Actual Discharge through pipe
Q theoretical = Theoretical Discharge

Coefficient of contraction Cc
Cc = ac / ao
ac cross-sectional area of jet at vena-contracta
ao cross-sectional area of orifice

Cc Cv

Cd/ Cv
Use this relation to estimate the value of Cc

Procedure :-

1. Note the diameter of orifice and the dimensions of measuring tank


2. The flow is started to its maximum by operating the control valve .
3. Record the pressure gauge reading h
4. Collect the water in the measuring tank and note down the depth of water
collected and time for collection .
5. Determine the hydraulic co-efficients for given orifice
6. By changing the discharge with the help of control valve and repeat the
above mentioned procedure.

Calibration of Orifice Orifice- 2


Pravin S Chaudhari ,Hydraulics Laboratory
Civil & Environmental Engineering Department
VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai

Observation :-

Observation Table :-
Sr. Measuring Pressure
No. tank Reading Head Orifice
h
Rise Time Jet coordinates Diameter of jet
(H) (t) dc
x y
1
2
3
4
5
6
.
Calculation table

Sr. Actual Theoretical Coefficient Coefficient Coefficient


No. Discharge Discharge of of of
Velocity Discharge Contraction

1
2
3
4
5
6

Sample calculation :-

Calibration of Orifice Orifice- 3


Pravin S Chaudhari ,Hydraulics Laboratory
Civil & Environmental Engineering Department
VJTI, Matunga, Mumbai

Coefficient of velocity Cv
Cv = Vc / Vo
Vc cross-sectional area of jet at vena-contracta
Vo cross-sectional area of orifice

Also Cv = { (x2) / ( 4hy ) } ½

Coefficient of discharge Cd
Cd = Qactual / Q theoretical
Q actual = Actual Discharge through pipe
Q theoretical = Theoretical Discharge

Cd/ Cv

Result :-
Coefficient of velocity Cv
Coefficient of contraction Cc
Coefficient of discharge Cd

Conclusion :-

Calibration of Orifice Orifice- 4

You might also like