Higher Nationals in Computing

Unit 16: Cloud Computing

ASSIGNMENT 1

Learner’s name: Tran Quang Hien

ID: GCS210109
Class: GCS1003A
Subject code: 1644
Assessor name: HO HAI VAN

Assignment due: Assignment submitted:

 ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 16: Cloud computing

Submission date Date Received 1st submission

Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission

Student Name Tran Quang Hien Student ID GCS210109

Class GCS1003A Assessor name Ho Hai Van

Student declaration
I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that
making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Student’s signature

Grading grid
P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 D1
 Summative Feedback:  Resubmission Feedback:

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 ASSIGNMENT 1 BRIEF
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number Unit 16: Cloud computing

Assignment title Cloud Computing Solutions

Academic Year 2023

Unit Tutor Ho Hai Van

Issue date Submission date

IV name and date

Submission Format:

Format: The submission is in the form of 1 document

You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at
1.3. Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm. The reference
follows Harvard referencing system.
Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by the
Tutors. The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/
Note: The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or from
books etc. If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you must
reference your sources, using the Harvard style. Make sure that you know how to reference properly, and
that understand the guidelines on plagiarism. If you do not, you definitely get failed

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of Cloud Computing and its architectures.
LO2 Evaluate the deployment models, service models and technological drivers of Cloud Computing and
validate their use.

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

Scenario
ATN is a Vietnamese company which is selling toys to teenagers in many provinces all over Vietnam. The
company has the revenue over 700.000 dollars/year. Currently each shop has its own database to store
transactions for that shop only. Each shop has to send the sale data to the board director monthly and the
board director need lots of time to summarize the data collected from all the shops. Besides the board can’t
see the stock information update in real time.

The table of contents in your technical report should be as follows:

1. As a developer, explain to the board director the fundamentals of cloud computing and how it is
popular nowadays (about 2500 words)
2. Proposed solution (higher level solution description – around 700 words) and explain the
appropriateness of the solution for the scenario (about 400 words with images and diagrams) which
might include:
a. Architectural design (architectural diagram and description).
b. Detailed design:
i. Deployment model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
ii. Service model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
iii. Programming language/ webserver/database server chosen.
3. Summary.

General guidelines:

• Instead of providing definitions but also provide with examples.

• Provide more own arguments instead of definitions
• Making use of academic references instead of web tutorials
• For a cloud architecture look at the bottom of this document
 Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

Pass Merit Distinction

LO1 Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of

Cloud Computing and its architectures
LO1 & 2
P1 Analyse the evolution M1 Discuss why an organisation
D1 Justify the tools chosen to realize
and fundamental concepts should migrate to a Cloud
a Cloud Computing solution.
of Cloud Computing. Computing solution.

P2 Design an appropriate
architectural Cloud
Computing framework for
a given scenario.

LO2 Evaluate the deployment models, service models and

technological drivers of Cloud Computing and validate their
use

P3 Define an appropriate M2 Demonstrate these

deployment model for a deployment models with real
given scenario. world examples.

P4 Compare the service

models for choosing an
adequate model for a
given scenario.
 Table of Contents
P1. Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing1. The evolution of Cloud
Computing ................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.1 History and evolution of Cloud Computing .................................................................................................... 8
1.2 Fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing .................................................................................................. 9
1.2.1 Definition of Cloud Computing ........................................................................................................................................... 9
1.2.2 Benefits of Cloud Computing .............................................................................................................................................. 9
1.2.3 Type of Cloud Computing.................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.3 Type of Cloud services ................................................................................................................................ 13
1.3.1 IaaS (Infrastructure as a service) ....................................................................................................................................... 13
1.3.2 PaaS (Platform as a service) .............................................................................................................................................. 13
1.3.3 SaaS (Software as a service) .............................................................................................................................................. 13
1.3.4 How to pick between SaaS/PaaS/IaaS .............................................................................................................................. 13

P2. Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario ...................... 14
2.1 Cloud Architecture ..................................................................................................................................... 14
2.1.1 Front-end Architecture ..................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.1.2 Back-end Architecture ...................................................................................................................................................... 15
2.2 ATN Company Problem............................................................................................................................... 15
2.3 ATN Cloud Architecture .............................................................................................................................. 16
2.3.1 ATN Cloud Diagram ........................................................................................................................................................... 16
2.3.2 Explain the model of ATN’s cloud computing ................................................................................................................... 16
2.3.3 Component of ATN to build cloud .................................................................................................................................... 17

P3. Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario .......................................................... 17

3.1 Four Development Model ........................................................................................................................... 17
3.2 Development model for ATN company ....................................................................................................... 18
P4. Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario ............................ 18
4.1 Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)....................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.1 SaaS delivery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.2 Characteristics of SaaS ...................................................................................................................................................... 18
4.1.3 When to use SaaS? ............................................................................................................................................................ 18
4.1.4 How does software as a service work? ............................................................................................................................. 19
4.1.5 SaaS advantages ................................................................................................................................................................ 19
4.1.6 SaaS disadvantages ........................................................................................................................................................... 19
4.1.7 SaaS examples ................................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) ....................................................................................................................... 20
4.2.1 PaaS delivery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.2.2 When to use PaaS? ........................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.2.3 Characteristics of PaaS ...................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.4 PaaS advantages ............................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.5 PaaS disadvantages ........................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.6 PaaS examples................................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) ................................................................................................................. 21
4.3.1 IaaS delivery ...................................................................................................................................................................... 22
 4.3.2 How does IaaS work .......................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.3.3 Characteristics of IaaS ....................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.3.4 When to use IaaS?............................................................................................................................................................. 22
4.3.5 IaaS advantages ................................................................................................................................................................ 22
4.3.6 IaaS disadvantages ............................................................................................................................................................ 23
4.3.7 IaaS examples .................................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.4 Compare the service model table ................................................................................................................ 23
4.5 Choosing an adequate model for ATN ......................................................................................................... 24
4.5.1 Reduced time .................................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.5.2 Lower costs ....................................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.5.3 Scalability and integration ................................................................................................................................................ 24
4.5.4 New releases (upgrades) ................................................................................................................................................... 25

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................... 26
 ASSIGNMENT 1 ANSWERS
P1. Analyse the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing1. The evolution of Cloud
Computing
1.1 History and evolution of Cloud Computing

Figure 1: History of Cloud Computing

(Source: https://cloudcomputing521.wordpress.com/2017/05/01/history-of-cloud-computing/)
The Idea Phase - This phase started in the mid-1960s with the presentation of utility and framework computing
and went on until the pre-web bubble period. Joseph Carl Robnett Licklider was the inventor of the cloud.
- 1960s - John McCarthy, a notable figure in software engineering, permitted organizations to utilize expensive
centralized servers and spearheaded the time-sharing idea. This ended up being a huge commitment to the idea
of Cloud computing and the development of the Web.
- 1969 - J.C.R. Licklider introduced the ideas of "Cosmic Network" and "Intergalactic PC Network" fully intent
on interconnecting worldwide space and laid out the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network-
ARPANET.
- 1970 - Showing many working frameworks in a separate climate to this time was practical.
- 1997 - In Dallas, Prof. Ramnath Chellappa spearheaded the thought of "Cloud Computing."
- The Pre-Cloud Phase - The period started in 1999 and went on until 2006. In this stage, the web fills in as the
means for conveying Applications as a Service.
- 1999 - Salesforce.com spearheaded the thought of corporate applications by means of basic sites. Likewise,
the administrations association addressed how to help experts in conveying programs over the Internet.
- 2003 - The Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), which permits numerous virtual visitor working frameworks to
work on a single hardware, laid the entryway for later huge forward leaps.
- 2006 - Amazon has likewise started to develop into cloud administrations. From EC2 to Simple Storage
Service S3, they spearheaded the pay-more-only as-costs arise idea, which has since become normal practice.
The Cloud Phase - The much-talked-about real cloud time started in 2007 with the formalization of IaaS, PaaS,
and SaaS improvement. Over the course of cloud computing, a few of the world's most prominent PC/web
firms have made a few profoundly significant advances.
- 2013 - With IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service), the Worldwide Public Cloud Services Market was esteemed

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at £78 billion, making it the quickest developing business sector administration of that year.
1.2 Fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing
1.2.1 Definition of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is a method that makes your entire PC infrastructure (hardware and software applications)
accessible on the web. It keeps up with data and applications utilizing the web and distant focal servers. Since
the data is kept with the mail specialist organization on a remote cloud, any PC with a web association can
really look at some saved mail/data/photographs in the mailbox.

Figure 2: Definition of Cloud Computing

(Source: https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/cloud/articles/what-is-cloud-computing/)
1.2.2 Benefits of Cloud Computing
Scalability And Flexibility: Cloud registering gives your business greater flexibility. You can rapidly increase
resources and capacity to satisfy business needs without putting resources into actual framework. Organizations
don't have to pay for or fabricate the framework expected to help their most noteworthy burden levels.
Moreover, they can rapidly downsize in the event that resources aren't being utilized.
Cost savings: Anything cloud administration model you pick, you just compensation for the resources you use.
This assists you with staying away from overbuilding and overprovisioning your data place and gives your IT
groups back significant opportunity to zero in on more essential work.
Better collaboration: Cloud stockpiling empowers you to make data accessible anyplace you are, whenever
you really want it. Rather than being attached to an area or explicit gadget, individuals can get to data from
anyplace on the planet from any gadget — in the event that they have a web association.
Advanced security: In spite of well known discernments, cloud processing can reinforce your security pose
due to the profundity and broadness of security highlights, programmed upkeep, and unified administration.
Data loss prevention: Cloud suppliers offer reinforcement and calamity recuperation highlights. Putting away
data in the cloud as opposed to locally can assist with forestalling data loss in case of a crisis, for example,
equipment breakdown, vindictive dangers, or even basic client mistake.
1.2.3 Type of Cloud Computing

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1.2.3.1 Public Cloud
Advantages of the Public Cloud
- Minimal Investment: Since it is a pay-per-use service, there is no significant upfront expense, making it
brilliant for enterprises that require prompt admittance to assets.
- No setup cost: The whole infrastructure is completely sponsored by the cloud service suppliers, in this way
there is no need to set up any hardware.
- Infrastructure management is not required: Utilizing the public cloud doesn't require infrastructure
management.
- No maintenance: The maintenance work is done by the service supplier (Not clients).
- Dynamic Scalability: To satisfy your organization's requirements, on-demand assets are open.

Disadvantages of the Public Cloud

- Data Security and Privacy Concerns: It may not give exhaustive security against cyber-attacks and may
feature openings since it is accessible to the public.
- Issues with Reliability: On the grounds that a similar server network is open to numerous clients, it is prone
to disappointment and margin time.
- Limitation on Service/License: There is a breaking point to the amount you might use while imparting assets
to occupants.
- Low customization: It is gotten to by numerous public so it can't be altered by personal necessities.

Figure 3: Public Cloud

(Source: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/cloud/what-is-a-public-cloud/)
1.2.3.2 Private Cloud
The private cloud gives more control over cloud resources. The ability to get to systems and administrations
within a specific certain border or association is oftentimes alluded to as the "internal cloud". The cloud stage
is conveyed in a solid cloud climate monitored by powerful firewalls and supervised by an association's IT
staff.
Advantages of the Private Cloud
Better Control: You are the sole proprietor of the property. You gain total command over help incorporation,
IT activities, approaches, and client conduct.

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Data Security and Privacy: It's suitable for putting away corporate data to which just approved staff approach.
By dividing resources within a similar framework, further developed admittance and security can be
accomplished.
Supports Legacy Systems: This approach is intended to work with legacy systems that can't get to the public
cloud.
Customization: Dissimilar to a public cloud deployment, a private cloud permits an organization to fit its
answer for meet its particular requirements.

Disadvantages of the Private Cloud

Costly: Private clouds are more costly as they give personalized facilities.
Restricted Scalability: Private clouds have limited scalability since they are scaled within the imperatives of
internally facilitated resources. The hidden equipment utilized impacts scalability.

Figure 4: Private Cloud

(Source: https://www.javatpoint.com/private-cloud)
1.2.3.3 Multi-Cloud
Connecting multiple hybrid clouds with some integration makes a multi-cloud. The thing that matters is that
each multi-cloud is a hybrid one, yet not all hybrid ones are multi-clouds. Organizations that need to involve
the clouds from various vendors in a single system utilize a multi-cloud. Along these lines, they can partake in
the capacities of multiple servers, software applications, resources, and organizations under a single cloud
climate. It very well may be a blend of significant public cloud specialist organizations, similar to Amazon
Web Services, Google cloud stage, IBM, and Microsoft Sky blue.
Advantages of the Multi-Cloud
Increased redundancy: In the event that you're using more than one public cloud for a similar capability, you
have a reinforcement assuming that one of them goes down.
Lower costs: Multi-cloud might possibly prompt savings as it gives you more noteworthy influence to apply
serious tension and arrange lower rates from providers.
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Vendor lock-in avoidance: Investing in a single cloud provider can make it challenging to change later because
of the significant expense and work involved. Distributing workloads across more than one cloud can save your
business from getting locked in with one supplier.
Better alignment among workloads and cloud services: Contracting with more than one cloud provider
implies you can upgrade performance by selecting the choice that appears to be legit for every application or
workload.

Disadvantages of the Multi-Cloud

More complicated cybersecurity: You can wind up juggling however many security arrangements as there
are clouds, making it more challenging to protect delicate information. More than one cloud likewise implies a
bigger assault surface and more expected weaknesses.
Performance issues: Depending on the area of the providers' server farms, you could experience difficulty
balancing loads across multiple clouds.
Increased management difficulty: You'll have to oversee more suppliers and find a method for achieving and
maintain perceivability into the information and cycles of the relative multitude of clouds involved.

Figure 5: Multi-Cloud
(Source: https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/cloud/what-is-multicloud/)
1.2.3.4 Hybrid Cloud
It is a cloud environment created from various arrangements associated with get the ideal cloud model. The
mix can be two or different public clouds, somewhere around one public or private network, two or various
private clouds, and more. The organization can pick which blend suits them and consider which one can run
the applications and apparatuses that the organization wishes to utilize. The interesting component of the hybrid
choice is that the organization just pays for the resources that they use as opposed to buying the whole model
for a lengthy period. It resembles partaking in the public cloud model without security issues.
Advantages of the Hybrid Cloud
Flexibility and control: Organizations with more prominent opportunity can make tailored answers for match
their particular necessities.
Cost: Since public clouds give scalability, you might be charged for more limit assuming you demand it.
Security: Information theft by assailants is highly diminished since information is sufficiently partitioned.

Disadvantages of the Hybrid Cloud

Maintenance: A blended cloud figuring approach might demand more upkeep, expanding your organization's
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functional costs.
Difficult Integration: Information and application integration might be tricky while building a hybrid cloud.
It's likewise a fact that coordinating two or more frameworks will set aside cash over the long haul.

Figure 6: Hybrid Cloud

(Source: https://avinetworks.com/glossary/hybrid-cloud/)
1.3 Type of Cloud services
1.3.1 IaaS (Infrastructure as a service)
The client doesn't have to manage the cloud infrastructure in this cloud service setup, however all the storage,
operation, and organization controls remain in their hands. There is a third-party service supplier to manage a
client's hardware and infrastructural necessities and take care of the backups. The client has the ability to control
how their cloud network ought to function, whereas they leave the infrastructure issues and management parts
to a third-party merchant.
1.3.2 PaaS (Platform as a service)
In a platform-as-a-service cloud setup, just the applications and the data get handled by the client. Besides,
every other management task gets managed by a third party. The company will just have to pick and manage
the applications they want to run on the cloud network. Besides, they can sort the data the app relies upon. They
have all app controls and data operations, however a third-party merchant manages the infrastructure and
operating framework prerequisites.
1.3.3 SaaS (Software as a service)
In SaaS service, the client interfaces with the service supplier over the web on a membership basis. Whether
the software devices or hardware parts, the service supplier has and manages the application. Other than this,
even the security issues and ideal upgrades get better dealt with by the service supplier, and the clients just
should state their necessities. There is compelling reason need to install an app or manage things through
dashboard access or API. SaaS allows clients to interface over the web through an internet browser utilizing
their telephone, work area, or other digital gadgets.
1.3.4 How to pick between SaaS/PaaS/IaaS
Small/medium/large companies with restricted assets: SaaS - Organizations can save cash by involving the
software as a service since they at this point not should create and foster the program. Companies ought to
utilize SaaS devices that match their business goals since they may turn out to be more useful speedier.
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Medium/large organizations for certain assets: PaaS - Platform as a service ought to be viewed as by medium
and large organizations with IT departments, especially assuming they want custom apps that interact all the
more readily with their work processes and innovation.
Medium/large ventures with moderate assets: IaaS - Medium and huge organizations with adequate IT assets
could think about infrastructure as a service. Because IaaS gives them nearly total control, they may construct
exceptionally redid innovation stacks that fit an organization's exact business targets. IaaS also makes it easy
to adjust innovation when a company needs change.
P2. Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario
2.1 Cloud Architecture
Cloud computing model incorporates front end and back end. These two parts are associated through a network,
much of the time is the Internet. The front end is the vehicle through which the client communicates with the
system; The back end is the cloud. The front end comprises of a business PC or network and the applications
used to get to the cloud. The back end gives applications, PCs, servers, and data storage to make a cloud of
administrations.

Figure 7: Cloud Architecture

(Source: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/architecture-of-cloud-computing/)
2.1.1 Front-end Architecture
The front-end infrastructure incorporates all that the end-user collaborates with. It is the more extensive
digestion of different sub-parts that together proposition the user interface. And it forms a fundamental piece
of how the end-user associates with the cloud computing infrastructure. The front-end cloud infrastructure
incorporates parts like neighborhood networks, internet browsers, and web applications.
The main front-end cloud parts are depicted beneath:
- User Interface: The user interface alludes to everything that end-user admittance to send requests or perform
any assignment on the Cloud. A portion of the famous cloud-based user interfaces are Google Docs, Gmail,
and so on.

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- Software: The software architecture in the front end is the software that sudden spikes in demand for the
user's end. Frontend software architecture fundamentally includes client-side applications or programs.
- Client Device or Network: Being a vital piece of the frontend architecture, the Client Device or Network
alludes to the hardware toward the end user's side. It tends to be any information device or PC. In cloud
computing, the client-side device doesn't need the extraordinary capacity to handle the weighty burden. The
cloud can take a whole weighty burden and cycles something very similar.
2.1.2 Back-end Architecture
The backend architecture in the cloud engages the frontend architecture. It includes hardware and storage and
they are situated on a far off server. The cloud service supplier controls and handles this backend cloud
architecture. Ideal backend cloud architecture generally ought to be strong as it holds the entire infrastructure
on the cloud. The excellent parts of backend cloud architecture are:
- Application: The Application is a significant piece of the backend architecture. It alludes to the user interface
that the backend offers to the end-user to send questions. This layer of the backend deals with the client's
requests and requirements.
- Service: This is a mysterious region of the backend cloud architecture. It adds utility to the whole backend
architecture. The service handles each undertaking that sudden spikes in demand for the cloud computing
system. A portion of the cloud services are application improvement climate, storage, and web services.
Furthermore, the service can execute a wide cluster of errands on the cloud runtime.
- Cloud Runtime: The term 'Cloud Runtime' is the idea where the services run. It resembles a cloud working
system where innovation like virtualization is utilized. Virtualization is a critical innovation on the cloud which
permits numerous runtimes on a similar server. For example, virtualization is a way through which we can
make a base of software. In straightforward words, it's the virtual portrayal of applications, servers, storage as
well as networks. At the point when we make runtimes with the backing of virtualization software, they are
called Hypervisors. A portion of the main hypervisors are Oracle Virtual Box, Oracle VM for x86, VMWare
Combination, and so on.
- Storage: Storage in the cloud is where the information lives in a cloud application. The information storage
changes according to various cloud service suppliers. Be that as it may, every one of them have a typical
committed section for cloud storage. A few instances of storage are strong state drives, hard drives, Intel Optane
DC Persistent storage, and so forth. The hard drives in the server straights form storage in the cloud backend
architecture. And particularly in a cloud computing system, the software parcels the drives according to the
requirements of the OS in the cloud to run bunch services.
- Infrastructure: The motor that directs all the cloud software services is called infrastructure. It incorporates
computer chip, Motherboard, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), network cards, accelerator cards, and so on.
The infrastructure models generally depend on the workloads of the clients.
- Management: The management software dispenses explicit assets to explicit assignments and responsibilities
regarding the immaculate working of any cloud climate. In specialized terms, management is the 'middleware'
and it coordinates between the frontend and backend architecture in a cloud computing system.
- Security: Security is a basic and basic piece of any cloud computing infrastructure. We make security
infrastructure by remembering the troubleshooting system. In the event of any issue, troubleshooting ought to
be simple. Customary storage backup is the initial step to guarantee security in a cloud computing system. And
virtual firewalls are other pivotal components of the cloud security infrastructure.
2.2 ATN Company Problem

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This is the present operational paradigm of the ATN company. The operating model of ATN company through
each move toward the figure. This model is carried out at each level by merchants, then, at that point, totals all
data by means of mail and sends it to the boss during the day. Through this model, we can see that its
shortcoming is mind-boggling and demands a long investment to execute as well as challenging to oversee and
extend.
Issue:
- Unfortunate security.
- Waste of time
- Tough to expand
- Hard to control and statistics
Solutions:
Plan an easy-to-use web interface and store and control the system through a cutting-edge distributed computing
model.
2.3 ATN Cloud Architecture
2.3.1 ATN Cloud Diagram

2.3.2 Explain the model of ATN’s cloud computing

In view of the ATN scenario, we make cloud architecture to resolve the company's ongoing issues.
- The shop manager can alter, adds, and deletes information utilizing their own interface consistently prior to
sending it to a private cloud for filing.
- The private cloud is deployed and overseen by a third-party company.
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- We likewise have one more server at the top of the company to go about as a backup for every one of the
information from the private cloud.
- The databases and systems under perception can be updated, compressed, and erased by using a separate
interface for the boss and the maintenance group.
2.3.3 Component of ATN to build cloud

The MySQL server and NodeJS technologies were utilized to build the database for the Cloud of ATN business
idea. Then, we run dev and comprehensive Web site inquiries at the local host. We then, at that point, use PaaS
Render to send off our site on the web prior to circulating it to clients.
P3. Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario
3.1 Four Development Model

Figure 8: Four development models of Cloud Computing

(Source: https://www.javatpoint.com/types-of-cloud)

Public Private Hybrid Community

Ease of setup and Requires IT Requires IT Requires IT

Easy
use proficiency proficiency proficiency

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 Data security and Requires IT
Low High High
privacy proficiency

Comparatively Comparatively
Data control Little to none High
high high

Comparatively
Reliability Vulnerable High High
high

Scalability
High High High Fixed capacity
and flexibility

Cheaper than a
Cost is shared
Cost-intensive, the private model but
Cost-effectiveness The cheapest one among community
most expensive one more costly than a
members
public one

Demand for in
No Depends Depends Depends
house hardware

3.2 Development model for ATN company

Since stability, data security, and system dependability are vital and in light of the fact that the issue brought
up in the ATN article is that the company is a significant one with a high-yielding item chain, and then again,
ATN has a few stores dispersed the nation over, the private cloud is the best decision for ATN. In any case, as
ATN requires qualified IT personnel to keep up with the private cloud system, another choice is to develop a
private cloud for third parties to regulate the system's operation and security.
P4. Compare the service models for choosing an adequate model for a given scenario
4.1 Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)
SaaS stands for Software-as-a-Service. The most popular sort of cloud processing is contained these total cloud
application services. They are pre-designed and much of the time operate straight in the client's internet
browser, so there is no requirement for downloads or installs like there are with on-premises arrangements.
SaaS is facilitated on far off servers and totally managed, updated, and maintained by an outsider seller. This
outcomes in less obligation yet additionally less control for the end-user.
4.1.1 SaaS delivery
SaaS is conveyed as a totally functional service and can be accessed remotely via any internet browser, allowing
clients to work from anywhere. The users interface with the app through a dashboard or API and depend on the
SaaS supplier when it comes to mess with fixes, middleware, support, and any potential technical issues.
4.1.2 Characteristics of SaaS
At the SaaS level, the users are getting involved with a particular software or service - This generally will
include:
- Web login access to the software or application
- Software upgrades, patches and other maintenance are performed by the supplier - not the user
- Software is managed by a solitary supplier from one location
4.1.3 When to use SaaS?

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SaaS is ideal for small companies or startups that don't have the capacity to foster their own software
applications. From internet business to momentary ventures, SaaS is the fastest and easiest arrangement in case
you don't require significantly customized applications. SaaS is also a great choice for applications that are not
used frequently, e.g., tax software.
4.1.4 How does software as a service work?
SaaS works through the cloud delivery model. A software supplier will either have the application and related
data using its own servers, databases, networking and registering assets, or it may be an ISV that contracts a
cloud supplier to have the application in the supplier's data place. The application will be accessible to any
gadget with a network association. Internet browsers are often used to access SaaS applications.
Subsequently, companies using SaaS applications are not tasked with the arrangement and maintenance of the
software. Users basically pay a membership expense to gain access to the software, which is a ready-made
arrangement.
SaaS is firmly related to the application service supplier (ASP) and on-demand processing software delivery
models where the supplier has the customer's software and conveys it to approved end users over the web.
In the software-on-demand SaaS model, the supplier gives customers network-based access to a solitary
duplicate of an application that the supplier created specifically for SaaS conveyance. The application's source
code is no different for all clients, and when new elements or functionalities are delivered, they are completed
to all clients. Dependent upon the service-level agreement (SLA), the client's information for each model might
be put away locally, in the cloud or both locally and in the cloud.
With application programming interfaces, organizations may integrate SaaS application programming
interfaces (APIs). For instance, a business can make its own product instruments and utilize the SaaS provider's
APIs to coordinate those devices with the SaaS offering.
4.1.5 SaaS advantages
SaaS kills the necessity for associations to introduce and run applications on their own laptops or in their own
information places. This dispenses with the expense of equipment obtaining, provisioning and support, as well
as programming allowing, establishment and sponsorship. Various advantages of the SaaS model include:
- Flexible payments: Rather than purchasing software to install, or additional hardware to help it, customers
buy into a SaaS offering. Transitioning costs for a common operating cost allows many organizations to practice
better and more predictable planning. Users can also terminate SaaS contributions at any chance to stop those
common costs.
- Scalable usage: Cloud services like SaaS offer high Vertical scalability, which gives customers the choice to
access more or less services or features on demand.
- Automatic updates: Rather than purchasing new software, customers can depend on a SaaS supplier to
automatically perform updates and patch management. This further lessens the weight on in-house IT staff.
- Accessibility and persistence: Since SaaS merchants convey applications over the web, users can access
them from any web enabled gadget and location.
- Customization: SaaS applications are frequently customizable and can be integrated with other business
applications, especially across applications from a typical software supplier.
4.1.6 SaaS disadvantages
However involving software as a help seems to be a truly practical choice for the majority of the organizations,
there are a few drawbacks too which should be thought of. We have recorded a portion of the cons of SaaS
improvement here:
- Insufficient Data Security: This is one of the top worries for organizations who are hoping to pick a SaaS-
based application model. Issues, for example, personality and access the board should be tended to prior to
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believing any outsider help furnish with your organization's delicate data. Especially on account of openness
from a cell phone, severe measures should be taken before any sort of delicate data is revealed to the specialist
co-op.
- Difficulty with Regulations Compliance: When your business-basic data is put away in the specialist co-op's
data place, it is hard to follow the public authority's data security regulations. Your organization should realize
which rules apply to your business, pose the right inquiries from your specialist co-op, and address any sort of
irregularities simultaneously.
- Cumbersome Data Mobility: The software as administration market is loaded up with new companies, and a
large number of them need more insight to make due in a profoundly cutthroat air. If there should be an
occurrence of a disappointment or in an occasion where you need to change your specialist co-op, it turns into
a cumbersome errand to move your organization's basic data starting with one specialist organization then onto
the next. Subsequently, you should be ready for such an occasion with an arranged leave procedure.
- Low Performance: A program put together application running with respect to a distant data place might need
performance when contrasted with a comparative application running from your representative's work area.
Organizations consequently need to put resources into a quick and solid web association with nullify this
element and likewise use instruments for application performance the board to know how their SaaS
applications are performing after some time.
- Troublesome Software Integration: While working with an outer SaaS specialist organization to have
numerous applications, there may be an integration issue with the current in-house software. The in-house APIs
and data designs probably won't coordinate as expected with the outside software. Therefore, you ought to
constantly perform similarity checks with all SaaS applications for improved results.
4.1.7 SaaS examples
SaaS items might be basically promoted to B2B, B2C markets or both. Examples of well-known SaaS products
include:
- Salesforce
- Google Work area applications
- Microsoft 365
- HubSpot
- Trello
- Netflix
4.2 Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)
PaaS stands for Platform-as-a-Service. The platform that can be accessed through the web gives designers a
framework and tools to fabricate apps and software that are tailored to the organization's individual necessities.
PaaS can be viewed as a scaled-down rendition of IaaS. Very much like IaaS, the customers have access to
servers and data focuses which are maintained and managed by the outsider supplier. However, they primarily
use PaaS for creating unique SaaS applications.
4.2.1 PaaS delivery
PaaS delivery can be compared to the way SaaS is conveyed. The main contrast is that customers don't access
online software, however a web-based platform for the creation of software. And since tools and conditions are
ready-to-use, software architects and designers can concentrate on building applications without having to
stress over different parts like operation systems, storage, and infrastructure.
4.2.2 When to use PaaS?
There are several situations when a Platform-as-a-Service would be really smart. For example, in the event that
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you have several engineers dealing with the same improvement project, PaaS is a great way to streamline work
processes.
You can try and incorporate different vendors and stay adaptable during the whole interaction. PaaS is also the
way to go in the event that your organization requires customized applications that should be created and sent
in a short amount of time.
4.2.3 Characteristics of PaaS
- PaaS offers program based advancement climate. It allows the designer to create database and alter the
application code either via Application Programming Interface or point-and-snap tools.
- PaaS gives worked in security, scalability, and web service interfaces.
- PaaS gives worked in tools to characterizing work process, approval cycles, and business rules.
- Coordinating PaaS with different applications on the same platform is easy.
- PaaS also gives web services interfaces that allow us to associate the applications outside the platform.
4.2.4 PaaS advantages
The following are a couple of the greatest advantages that speak for adopting PaaS as a distributed computing
model.
- Cost-reduction: PaaS is a straightforward, cost-compelling way to rapidly create and convey new apps.
- Scalability: PaaS service models can easily be adjusted to an engineer's necessities.
- Migration: With PaaS, it's easy to migrate to a cross breed cloud model.
- Less coding: Your engineer teams have to do much less coding than previously.
- Freedom: PaaS saves time as designers can customize apps without having to maintain the software.
4.2.5 PaaS disadvantages
Of course, there are also a drawbacks that you should know about prior to buying into a PaaS distributed
computing model.
- Data security: Utilizing outsider merchant controlled servers means that there are various security dangers to
pay special attention to.
- Runtime issues: Some PaaS arrangements are not enhanced for the language or framework that your
improvement teams are used to.
- Integrations: You could experience a few challenges with integrating new applications as few out of every
odd part of your legacy IT system is worked for the cloud.
- Limitations: Customized cloud operations will generally have automated work processes that probably won't
be compatible with PaaS arrangements, in this way restricting operational capabilities for your end-user.
4.2.6 PaaS examples
Items and vendors that supply the tools and services expected to construct endeavor applications and
integrations in the cloud. Coming up next are a portion of the leading suppliers and platforms:
- Google Cloud
- Microsoft Azure
- AWS
- IBM Cloud
- Red Hat OpenShift
4.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

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Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is a type of cloud figuring that gives virtualized processing resources over the
web. IaaS is one of the three main categories of cloud figuring services, alongside software as a service (SaaS)
and platform as a service (PaaS).
In the IaaS model, the cloud supplier manages IT infrastructures like storage, server and networking resources,
and conveys them to supporter organizations via virtual machines accessible through the web. IaaS can have
many advantages for organizations, for example, potentially making workloads faster, easier, more adaptable
and more expense proficient.
4.3.1 IaaS delivery
With IaaS, endeavors get a full cloud figuring infrastructure including network, servers, operating system, and
data focuses/storage. Full access is granted through virtualization innovation via dashboard or API. Along these
lines, clients have unlimited authority over their processing infrastructure.
The IaaS supplier is liable for managing and maintaining servers, hard drives, storage, and virtualization tools.
However, applications, runtime, operating system, middleware, and data actually should be managed by the
client.
4.3.2 How does IaaS work
IaaS customers access resources and services through a wide area network (WAN), like the web, and can use
the cloud supplier's services to install the remaining components of an application stack. For example, the user
can sign in to the IaaS platform to create virtual machines (VMs); install operating systems in each VM; convey
middleware, like databases; create storage containers for workloads and backups; and install the undertaking
workload into that VM. Customers can then use the supplier's services to track costs, monitor performance,
balance network traffic, investigate application issues and manage disaster recuperation.
Any cloud processing model requires the participation of a supplier. The supplier is often a third-party
organization that specializes in selling IaaS. Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
are examples of autonomous IaaS suppliers. A business could also pick to convey a private cloud, turning into
its own supplier of infrastructure services.
4.3.3 Characteristics of IaaS
Acting as the foundation of the cloud, the IaaS service is liable for the delivery of on demand services. The
IaaS cloud is used for all that from building and validating new applications to operating creation conditions
that require scalability - This will include:
- Hardware for servers, storage, and networks will be delivered.
- Scalable figuring resources
- Variable expense evaluating model
4.3.4 When to use IaaS?
Organizations of all sizes can profit from IaaS. Small companies who want to avoid purchasing hardware or
don't have the time, staff, or ability to have large data fixates on-premise, as well as larger organizations who
want to stay in charge of their apps and just want to consume the resources they actually need. The scalability
of IaaS is also great for companies that experience rapid development.
4.3.5 IaaS advantages
Organizations pick IaaS because it is often easier, faster and more expense productive to operate a workload
without having to purchase, manage and uphold the hidden infrastructure. With IaaS, a business can essentially
lease or lease that infrastructure from another business.
IaaS is a powerful cloud service model for workloads that are temporary, experimental or that change out of
the blue. For example, in the event that a business is fostering another software item, it very well may be more

P a g e | 22
practical to host and test the application utilizing an IaaS supplier.
When the new software is tried and refined, the business can eliminate it from the IaaS climate for a more
traditional, in-house organization. On the other hand, the business could commit that piece of software to a
drawn out IaaS organization assuming the expenses of a drawn out responsibility are less.
In general, IaaS customers pay on a for every user basis, typically constantly, week or month. A few IaaS
suppliers also charge customers based on the amount of virtual machine space they use. This pay-as-you-go
model eliminates the capital cost of conveying in-house hardware and software.
When a business cannot use third-party suppliers, a private cloud based on premises can in any case offer the
control and scalability of IaaS - - however the money saving advantages never again apply.
4.3.6 IaaS disadvantages
Regardless of its flexible, pay-more-only-as-costs-arise model, IaaS charging can be an issue for certain
organizations. Cloud charging is very granular, and mirroring the exact use of services is broken out. It is
normal for clients to encounter sticker shock - - or viewing costs as surprisingly high - - while evaluating the
bills for each asset and administration engaged with application arrangement. Clients ought to screen their IaaS
environments and bills near comprehend how IaaS is being utilized and to try not to be charged for unapproved
administrations.
Understanding is one more typical issue for IaaS clients. Since IaaS suppliers own the foundation, the subtleties
of their framework design and execution are seldom straightforward to IaaS clients. This absence of
straightforwardness can make systems the board and screen more hard for clients.
IaaS clients are additionally worried about help strength. The responsibility's accessibility and execution are
profoundly reliant upon the supplier. In the event that an IaaS supplier encounters network bottlenecks or any
type of inner or outside free time, the clients' responsibilities will be impacted. Likewise, in light of the fact
that IaaS is multi-occupant engineering, the boisterous neighbor issue can adversely affect clients'
responsibilities.
4.3.7 IaaS examples
There are likewise numerous other more modest, or more specialty players in the IaaS commercial center,
including these items:
- Rack space Oversaw Cloud.
- IBM Cloud Private.
- IBM Cloud Virtual Servers.
- CenturyLink Cloud.
4.4 Compare the service model table

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 Figure 9: Differentiating On-Prem, IaaS, PaaS & SaaS
(Source: https://www.dataweavers.com/insights/defining-paas-iaas-saas-onprem)
4.5 Choosing an adequate model for ATN
There are a few major benefits of SaaS that make it a clear decision for ATN with regard to cloud service:
4.5.1 Reduced time
Software as a service (SaaS) varies from the traditional model because the software (application) is already
installed and designed. You can essentially give the server to an instance in the cloud, and in several hours,
you'll have the application ready for use. This diminishes the time spent on installation and configuration and
can lessen the issues that hinder the software organization.
4.5.2 Lower costs
SaaS can give beneficial expense savings since it usually dwells in a shared or multi-tenant climate, where the
hardware and software permit costs are low compared with the traditional model. Another advantage is that
you can rapidly scale your customer base since SaaS allows small and medium organizations to utilize software
that any other way they wouldn't use because of the significant expense of authorizing. Since the SaaS provider
owns the environment and distributes maintenance costs among all clients using that solution, maintenance
costs are also decreased.
4.5.3 Scalability and integration
Usually, SaaS solutions reside in cloud environments that are scalable and have integrations with other SaaS
contributions. Compared with the traditional model, you don't have to purchase another server or software. You
just have to enable a new SaaS offering and, as far as server capacity planning, the SaaS supplier will claim
that. Additionally, you'll have the adaptability to have the option to scale your SaaS go through and down based

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on unambiguous necessities.
4.5.4 New releases (upgrades)
With SaaS, the supplier upgrades the arrangement, and it opens up for their customers. The costs and effort
associated with upgrades and new releases are lower than the traditional model that usually forces you to
purchase an upgrade package and install it (or pay for specialized services to get the climate upgraded).

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