As per MSBTE Curriculum of “I” Scheme

A Micro Project on

“Road of arboriculture”

Submitted by

Enrollment No. Name Of Student

23212300135 Suhel Dilavar Mulani

23212300136 Snehal Chandrakant Shitole
23212300141 Vishal Dattoba Jadhav

Under the Guidance of

Ms.A.A.Nikalje

Loknete Hon. Hanmantrao Patil Charitable Trust’s

Adarsh Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Vita
Department of Civil Engineering
2024-2025
 Loknete Hon. Hanmantrao Patil Charitable Trust’s
Adarsh Institute of Technology & Research Centre, Vita

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Micro Project entitled

“Road of arboriculture”
has been submitted by

Enrollment No. Name Of Student

23212300135 Suhel Dilavar Mulani

23212300136 Snehal Chandrakant Shitole
23212300141 Vishal Dattoba Jadhav

For Four Semester of Diploma in Civil Engineering of course Traffic

Engineering (22507) for academic year 2023-2024 as per MSBTE,
Mumbai curriculum of ‘I’ scheme.

Project Guide Head, Civil Engineering, Principal,

Ms.A.A.Nikalje Mrs. N.P. Thorat Dr. P. S. Patil

Date:
Place:
Acknowledgement

I feel happiness in forwarding this Micro Project report as an image of sincere efforts. The
successful Micro Project Report reflects my work, effort of my guide in giving me good
information.
My sincere thanks to my guide respected Ms.A.A.Nikalje who has been a constant source
of inspiration and guiding star in achieving my goal. I give my special thanks to respected Mrs.
N. P. Thorat (Head, Civil Engineering) for his constant interest and encouragement throughout
the completion of my Micro Project.
I express my deep gratitude to all staff members who lend me their valuable support and
cooperation to enable me to complete my Micro Project.
I am also equally indebted to our principal Prof. Dr. P. S. Patil for his valuable help
whenever needed.

NAME OF STUDENT SIGN OF STUDENT

Suhel Dilavar Mulani

Vishal Dattoba Jadhav

Snehal Chandrakant Shitole

 Index

Sr. No. Content Page No.

1.0 Rationale 1

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed 1

3.0 Literature Review 1

4.0 Actual Methodology Followed 1-2

5.0 Actual Resources Used 2

6.0 Outputs of the Micro Project 2-9

7.0 Skill Developed / learning out of this Micro Project 10

8.0 Applications of this Micro Project 10

9.0 Area of Future Improvement 10-11

 A. Micro Project Proposal

Title of Micro Project: “Road of arboriculture”

1.0 Brief Introduction:

Arboriculture, the science and practice of tree care, is the art of cultivating and managing trees. It involves
a wide range of activities, from tree planting and pruning to pest and disease control. By understanding the
principles of tree growth, health, and maintenance, arborists play a vital role in shaping our urban and rural
landscapes.

2.0 Aim of the Micro Project:

 Promoting proper tree care practices, including pruning, fertilization, and pest control.
 Educating the public about the importance of tree health and the negative impacts of improper care.
 Organizing community tree planting events to increase green cover.
 Selecting appropriate tree species for different locations and climate conditions.

2.0 Intended Course Outcomes:

 Understand the basic biology and physiology of trees.

 Identify common tree species and their characteristics.
 Recognize the importance of trees in urban and rural environments.
 Understand the principles of tree growth, development, and decline.
 Know the impact of environmental factors on tree health.
 Understand the principles of tree risk assessment.

4.0 Literature Review

Arboriculture, the science and practice of tree care, has a rich history dating back centuries. As urbanization
and climate change continue to pose challenges to urban forests, the importance of arboriculture has grown
significantly.

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed.

 Searching the topic for micro-project

 Search information from the book and from the internet.
 Discuss with the project guide.
 arrange all information in MS Word
 Prepare a report on it using MS Word
 print micro project
6.0 Resources Required

Name of
Specifications Remark
Sr. No. Resource/ Quantity
Material
For collect Available
1 Wikipedia 1
project
information

TEN(22507) Available
Books 1
2

Available
3 computer Windows 10 1

7.0 Action Plan

Planned
Sr. Planned Name of Responsible
Details of activity Finish
No. start date Team Members
date
1 Project Proposal
2 Data Collection & Analysis  Suhel Dilavar Mulani
3 Preparation of Prototype/ Model  Vishal Dattoba
Preparation of Report Jadhav
4
 Snehal Chandrakant
5 Presentation & Submission Shitole
 B – Micro Project Report

Title of Micro Project: “Road of arboriculture”

1.0 Rationale:

Arboriculture, the science and practice of tree care, is the art of cultivating and managing trees. It involves
a wide range of activities, from tree planting and pruning to pest and disease control. By understanding the
principles of tree growth, health, and maintenance, arborists play a vital role in shaping our urban and rural
landscapes.

3.0 Course Outcomes Addressed

 Understand the basic biology and physiology of trees.

 Identify common tree species and their characteristics.
 Recognize the importance of trees in urban and rural environments.
 Understand the principles of tree growth, development, and decline.
 Know the impact of environmental factors on tree health.
 Understand the principles of tree risk assessment.

3.0 Literature Review

Arboriculture, the science and practice of tree care, has a rich history dating back centuries. As urbanization
and climate change continue to pose challenges to urban forests, the importance of arboriculture has grown
significantly.

4.0 Actual Methodology Followed

 Searching the topic for micro-project

 Search information from the book and from the internet.
 Discuss with the project guide.
 arrange all information in MS Word
 Prepare a report on it using MS Word
 print micro project
 5.0 Actual Resources Used

Sr. Name of Resource/

Specifications Quantity Remark
No. Material
For collect project
1 Wikipedia 1
information
2 Books TEN 1

3 Website Goggle, chat 1

gpt
Windows 10
4 Computer 1

6.0 Outputs of the Micro Project

Arboriculture is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other
perennial woody plants. The science of arboriculture studies how these plants grow and respond to cultural
practices and to their environment. The practice of arboriculture includes cultural techniques such as
selection, planting, training, fertilization, pest and pathogen control, pruning, shaping, and removal.

Overview

A person who practices or studies arboriculture can be termed an arborist or an arboriculturist. A tree
surgeon is more typically someone who is trained in the physical maintenance and manipulation of trees
and therefore more a part of the arboriculture process rather than an arborist. Risk management, legal
issues, and aesthetic considerations have come to play prominent roles in the practice of arboriculture.
Businesses often need to hire arboriculturists to complete "tree hazard surveys" and generally manage
the trees on-site to fulfill occupational safety and health obligations.
Arboriculture is primarily focused on individual woody plants and trees maintained for permanent
landscape and amenity purposes, usually in gardens, parks or other populated settings, by arborists, for
the enjoyment, protection, and benefit of people.

Arboricultural matters are also considered to be within the practice of urban forestry yet the clear and
separate divisions are not distinct or discreet.

Tree Benefits

Main article: Urban forestry § Benefits

Tree benefits are the economic, ecological, social and aesthetic use, function purpose, or services of a
tree (or group of trees), in its situational context in the landscape.

Environmental Benefits

Erosion control and soil retention

Improved water infiltration and percolation
Protection from exposure: windbreak, shade, impact from hail/rainfall
Air humidification
Modulates environmental conditions in a given microclimate: shields wind, humidifies, provides shade
Carbon sequestration and oxygen production

Ecological Benefits

Attracting pollinators
Increased biodiversity
Food for decomposers, consumers, and pollinators
Soil health: organic matter accumulation from leaf litter and root exudates (symbiotic microbes)
Ecological habitat

Socioeconomic Benefits

Increases employment: forestry, education, tourism

Run-off and flood control (e.g. bioswales, plantings on slopes)
Aesthetic beauty: parks, gatherings, social events, tourism, senses (fragrance, visual), focal point
Adds character and prestige to the landscape, creating a “natural” feel
Climate control (e.g shade): can reduce energy consumption of buildings
Privacy and protection: from noise, wind
Cultural benefits: eg. memorials for a loved one
Medical benefits: eg. Taxus chemotherapy
Materials: wood for building, paper pulp
Fodder for livestock
Property value: trees can increase by 10-20%[citation needed]
Increases the amount of time customers will spend in a mall, strip mall, shopping district
 Tree Defects

A tree defect is any feature, condition, or deformity of a tree that indicates weak structure or instability
that could contribute to tree failure.

Common types of tree defects:

Codominant stems: two or more stems that grow upward from a single point of origin and compete with
one another.
 common with decurrent growth habits
 occurs in excurrent trees only after the leader is killed and multiple leaders compete for dominance

Included bark: bark is incorporated in the joint between two limbs, creating a weak attachment
 occurs in branch unions with a high attachment angle (i.e. v-shaped unions)
 common in many columnar/fastigiate growing deciduous trees

Dead, diseased, or broken branches:

 woundwood cannot grow over stubs or dead branches to seal off decay
 symptoms/signs of disease: e.g. oozing through the bark, sunken areas in the bark, and bark with
abnormal patterns or colours, stunted new growth, discolouration of the foliage

Cracks
 longitudinal cracks result from interior decay, bark rips/tears, or torsion from wind load
 transverse cracks result from buckled wood, often caused by unnatural loading on branches, such as lion's
tailing.
 Seams: bark edges meet at a crack or wound
 Ribs: bulges, indicating interior cracks

Cavity and hollows: sunken or open areas wherein a tree has suffered injury followed by decay. Further
indications include: fungal fruiting structures, insect or animal nests.

Lean: a lean of more than 40% from vertical presents a risk of tree failure

Taper: change in diameter over the length of trunks branches and roots

Epicormic branches (water sprouts in canopy or suckers from root system): often grow in response to
major damage or excessive pruning

Roots:

 girdling roots compress the trunk, leading to poor trunk taper, and restrict vascular flow
 kinked roots provide poor structural support; the kink is a site of potential root failure
 circling roots occurs when roots encounter obstructions/limitations such as a small tree well or being
grown too long in a nursery pot; these cannot provide adequate structural support and are limited in
accessing nutrients and water
 healthy soil texture and depth, drainage, water availability, makes for healthy roots
 At the heart of arboriculture is tree care; This includes a variety of practices designed to ensure tree health
and longevity:

1. Planting: Arborists need a deep understanding of tree species, their specific needs, and how they interact
with the surrounding environment. This understanding is essential for planting new trees in locations
where they will thrive.

2. Pruning: Proper pruning is an art and a science, requiring knowledge of tree biology and growth patterns.
Improper pruning can cause irreversible damage to the tree and its surroundings.

3. Pest and Disease Management: Like all living organisms, trees are susceptible to pests and diseases.
Arborists identify these problems and provide appropriate treatments to preserve tree health.

4. Tree Risk Assessment: Arborists evaluate trees for potential risks they may pose to people or property.
They identify structural weaknesses, disease, or other factors that may lead to tree failure.

5. Tree Preservation During Construction: When construction occurs near established trees, arborists can
provide guidance to minimize impact, prevent damage, and maintain tree health.

6. Removal: While arborists strive to preserve trees, sometimes removal is the safest or most practical
option. In such cases, arborists perform this task safely and efficiently.

However, arboriculture's scope extends beyond these practical applications. It plays a significant role in
environmental stewardship. Through proper tree care, arborists help purify the air, conserve water,
reduce soil erosion, create animal habitats, and mitigate the impacts of climate change. They beautify our
landscapes and contribute to our physical and mental well-being, transforming our urban environments
into healthier, more sustainable spaces.

Arboriculture also encompasses a vital educational component. Arborists work to raise public awareness
about the importance of trees, the benefits they provide, and the correct practices for their care and
preservation. They empower individuals, communities, and organizations to make informed decisions
regarding their trees by sharing their expertise.

Importance of Arboriculture in Urban Areas

In urban settings, arboriculture is vital due to the unique challenges trees face. These include limited root
space, pollution, construction activities, and compacted soil. Trees in these environments offer numerous
benefits, such as:

 Improving air quality by absorbing pollutants and producing oxygen.

 Providing shade, which reduces energy consumption for cooling buildings.
 Enhancing property values and neighbourhood attractiveness.
 Offering habitats for urban wildlife.
 Without proper arboricultural practices, these benefits may be compromised, leading to weakened trees
and increased risks of failure during severe weather events.
 Understanding Tree Biology

A fundamental principle of arboriculture is understanding tree biology. Trees are living organisms with
complex systems that interact with their environment.Key biological concepts include:

 Photosynthesis: The process by which trees convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
 Transpiration: The movement of water through a plant and its evaporation from leaves, stems, and
flowers.
 Respiration: The process where trees convert glucose and oxygen into energy, releasing carbon dioxide
and water.
 Root Function: Roots anchor the tree, absorb nutrients and water, and store energy.

Tree Planting and Selection

Selecting and planting the right tree for the right place is pivotal in arboriculture. Making informed choices
ensures the tree’s long-term success and reduces future maintenance needs.Considerations when
selecting a tree:
 Climate suitability: Ensuring the species is adapted to the local climate conditions.
 Space availability: Considering both the height and spread of the mature tree.
 Soil conditions: Checking soil type and drainage capacity.

The Road to Arboriculture: A Greener Future

Arboriculture, the cultivation of trees and shrubs, plays a vital role in shaping our urban and rural
landscapes. It's more than just planting trees; it's about nurturing them, preserving their health, and
ensuring their longevity.
 Why Arboriculture Matters:

 Environmental Benefits: Trees absorb carbon dioxide, release oxygen, and help regulate climate.
 Aesthetic Appeal: Well-maintained trees enhance the beauty of our surroundings.
 Community Well-being: Trees can reduce stress, improve air quality, and create a sense of community.
 Infrastructure Protection: Trees can help prevent soil erosion and protect infrastructure.

Key Aspects of Arboriculture:

 Tree Selection: Choosing the right tree species for a specific location, considering factors like climate, soil
type, and available space.
 Planting Techniques: Proper planting techniques, including digging the right-sized hole, adding soil
amendments, and watering regularly.
 Pruning and Maintenance: Regular pruning to shape the tree, remove dead or diseased branches, and
promote healthy growth.
 Pest and Disease Control: Identifying and treating common tree pests and diseases to prevent damage.
 Soil Health: Maintaining healthy soil through fertilization and mulching.
 Risk Assessment and Management: Identifying potential hazards, such as weak branches or decaying
trees, and taking appropriate measures to mitigate risks.

The Road Ahead:

As urbanization continues, the importance of arboriculture grows. By investing in tree care and urban
forestry, we can create more sustainable and resilient communities. Let's work together to nurture our
urban forests and ensure a greener future for generations to come.

Advantages, Disadvantages, and Applications of Arboriculture

Advantages of Arboriculture

 Environmental Benefits:
o Improved Air Quality: Trees absorb pollutants and release oxygen.
o Climate Regulation: Trees can help moderate temperature and reduce the urban heat island effect.
o Carbon Sequestration: Trees absorb carbon dioxide, helping to mitigate climate change.
o Water Cycle Regulation: Trees help in the water cycle by intercepting rainfall and reducing runoff.
 Aesthetic Appeal:
o Enhanced Landscapes: Well-maintained trees enhance the visual appeal of urban and rural landscapes.
o Increased Property Values: Trees can increase the value of properties.
 Social and Psychological Benefits:
o Reduced Stress: Spending time in nature, especially near trees, can reduce stress and improve mental
health.
o Community Building: Trees can create a sense of community and foster social interaction.
 Disadvantages of Arboriculture

 Maintenance Costs: Proper tree care, including pruning, fertilization, and pest control, can be costly.
 Root Damage to Infrastructure: Tree roots can damage underground infrastructure, such as pipes and
foundations.
 Allergens: Some tree species can produce allergens, causing discomfort for people with allergies.
 Potential Hazards: Weak or diseased trees can pose safety risks, especially during storms.

Applications of Arboriculture

 Urban Forestry: Planting trees in urban areas to improve air quality, reduce noise pollution, and enhance
the aesthetic appeal of cities.
 Landscape Architecture: Designing and maintaining landscapes, including parks, gardens, and residential
areas.
 Forestry: Managing forests for timber production, conservation, and recreation.
 Horticulture: Cultivating fruit trees, ornamental trees, and shrubs.
 Environmental Conservation: Protecting and restoring natural ecosystems.

7.0 Skill Developed / learning out of this Micro-Project

Technical Skills

 Plant Identification: Learning to identify different tree and shrub species.

 Tree Physiology: Understanding the growth, development, and health of trees.
 Pruning Techniques: Mastering various pruning methods to shape and maintain trees.
 Soil Science: Knowledge of soil composition, nutrient requirements, and soil health.
 Pest and Disease Management: Identifying and treating common tree pests and diseases.
 Equipment Operation: Using tools like saws, pruners, and climbing equipment safely and effectively.
 Tree Risk Assessment: Evaluating the potential risks posed by trees and implementing mitigation
strategies.

Soft Skills

 Problem-Solving: Identifying and addressing issues related to tree health and maintenance.
 Decision-Making: Making informed decisions about tree care and management.
 Communication Skills: Effectively communicating with clients, colleagues, and the public.
 Attention to Detail: Paying close attention to details, such as proper pruning cuts and accurate plant
identification.
 Physical Fitness: Developing physical strength and endurance for demanding tasks.
 Environmental Awareness: Understanding the ecological importance of trees and their role in ecosystem
health.
 8.0 Applications of this Micro Project

Environmental Benefits

 Improved Air Quality: Trees absorb pollutants and release oxygen, enhancing air quality.
 Climate Change Mitigation: Trees sequester carbon dioxide, helping to mitigate climate change.
 Water Cycle Regulation: Trees can help regulate the water cycle by intercepting rainfall and reducing
runoff.
 Biodiversity Conservation: Trees provide habitats for a variety of wildlife.

Urban Planning and Design

 Urban Forestation: Planting trees in urban areas to create green spaces and improve the urban
environment.
 Landscape Architecture: Designing and maintaining landscapes, including parks, gardens, and residential
areas.
 Community Development: Creating community spaces and enhancing the quality of life.

Economic Benefits

 Property Values: Well-maintained trees can increase property values.

 Tourism: Attractive landscapes with healthy trees can attract tourists.
 Job Creation: Arboriculture can create jobs in various sectors, including landscaping, forestry, and
horticulture.

Social and Psychological Benefits

 Mental Health: Spending time in nature, especially near trees, can reduce stress and improve mental well-
being.
 Community Cohesion: Community-based tree planting and maintenance projects can foster a sense of
community.
 Cultural Significance: Trees often hold cultural and historical significance.

 Conclusion:

Arboriculture, the science and practice of tree care, plays a crucial role in shaping our environment. By
understanding the principles of tree growth, health, and maintenance, we can cultivate healthy and thriving
trees that benefit our communities and the planet.

By engaging in arboriculture projects, we can develop valuable skills, contribute to environmental

conservation, and enhance the beauty of our surroundings. Let us embrace the art and science of
arboriculture to create a greener, healthier, and more sustainable future.
 Teachers Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student:
Enrollment No.:
 23212300135
 Suhel Dilavar Mulani  23212300136
 Snehal Chandrakant Shitole  23212300141
 Vishal Dattoba Jadhav

Academic Year: 2024-25 Semester: IV

Name of Programme: Civil Engineering Course: TEN
Course Code: 22507 Course Coordinator: Ms.A.A.Nikalje

Title of the Micro Project: “Road of arboriculture”

”

project Course Outcomes Addressed:

 Understand the basic biology and physiology of trees.

 Identify common tree species and their characteristics.
 Recognize the importance of trees in urban and rural environments.
 Understand the principles of tree growth, development, and decline.
 Know the impact of environmental factors on tree health.
 Understand the principles of tree risk assessment.

Outcomes in Affective Domain

Demonstrate working as a leader or a team member.

Report of work carried out:

Sr. Planned Completed Sign of

Details of activity
No. schedule Schedule Guide
1 Project Proposal
2 Data Collection & Analysis
3 Preparation of Prototype/ Model
4 Preparation of Report
5 Presentation & Submission
 Evaluation as per Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro Project
✔ (Please tick in appropriate cell for each characteristic)

Sr. Characteristic Poor Average Good Excellent

No to be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )

Relate to very few Related to some Los Take care of at-least Take care of more
Relevance to Los one CO than one CO
1
the course

Not more than two At-least 5 relevant At –least 7 relevant About 10 relevant
Literature sources (primary and sources, at least 2 sources, most latest sources, most latest
Survey / secondary), very old latest
2 Reference
information
collection

Completed less than Completed 50 to Completed 60 to Completed more

Completion of
50% 60% 80% than 80 %
the Target as
3
per project
proposal
Sample Size small, Sufficient and Sufficient and Enough data
data neither appropriate sample, appropriate sample, collected by
organized nor enough data enough data sufficient and
presented well generated but not generated which is appropriate sample
organized and not organized and size. Proper
Analysis of presented well. No presented well but inferences drawn by
4 Data and or poor inferences poor inferences organizing and
representation drawn drawn presenting data
through tables,
charts and graphs.
Sr. Characteristic Poor Average Good Excellent
No to be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )
Incomplete Just Well Well
fabrication/assembly. assembled/fabricated assembled/fabricated assembled/fabricated
and parts are not with proper with proper
functioning well. functioning parts. In functioning parts. In
Not in proper shape, proper shape, within proper shape, within
Quality of dimensions beyond tolerance tolerance dimensions
Prototype/ tolerance limit. dimensions and and good
5
Model Appearance/finish is good finish/appearance.
shabby. finish/appearance. Creativity in design
But no creativity in and use of material
design and use of
material

Very short, poor Nearly sufficient and Detailed, correct and Very detailed,
quality sketches, correct details about clear description of correct, clear
Details about methods, material, methods, materials, description of
methods, material, precautions and precautions and methods, materials,
Report precaution and conclusion, but Conclusions. precautions and
6 conclusions omitted, clarity is not there in Sufficient Graphic conclusions. Enough
Preparation
some details are presentation. But not Description. tables, charts and
wrong enough graphic sketches
description.

Major information is Includes major Includes major Well organized,

not included, information but not information and well includes major
7 Presentation
information is not well organized and organized but not information ,well
well organized . not presented well presented well presented

Any other
(depending
upon nature of
8 project: please
write
indicators by
pen)

Could not reply to Replied to Replied properly to Replied most of the

considerable number considerable number considerable number questions properly
of question. of questions but not of question.
Defense very properly
9
 Micro-Project Evaluation Sheet

Process Assessment Product Assessment

Part B - Total
Part A - individual Marks 10
Enrollment Project Methodology Project Presentation/
Project
No (2 marks) Report/Worki Viva(4
Proposal
ngModel marks)
(2 marks)
(2
marks)
23212300135

23212300136

23212300141

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication

(if any)

Any Other Comment:

Name and designation of the Faculty Member

Dated Signature

*****