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Short Circuit Fault Calculation

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13 views

Short Circuit Fault Calculation

Uploaded by

richard atong
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SHORT CIRCUIT-FAULT CALCULATIONS

A.) SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM WITH ASSUMED INDICATED FAULT


B.)PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE OF THE SYSTEM

SELECT:
BASE MVA = 0.075 MVA
BASE KV = 0.240 kV
BASE CURRENT = 0.3125 kA

1.) UTILITY SYSTEM PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZUpu

ZUpu = BASE MVA/UTILITY FAULT DUTY = 0.075/52.386 = 0.001432 pu

DERIVING UTILITY SYSTEM R AND X:


X/R= 2.3333 ; X = 2.3333R

Z = √(X²+R²) = √[(2.3333R)²+R²] = √(6.4443R²) = 2.5386R


R = Z/2.5386 = 0.3939Z ; X = 2.3333(0.3939Z) = 0.9191Z

RUpu = 2(0.3939 X 0.001432) = 0.00113 pu


XUpu = 2(0.9191 X 0.001432) = 0.00263 pu

2.) TRANSFORMER PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZTRANSpu

ZTRANSpu = %Z/100 X BASE MVA/TRANSFORMER MVA


ZTRANSpu = 1.92/100 X 0.075/0.075 = 0.0192 pu

FROM COOPER BUSSMANN 2005, SUGGESTED X/R RATIO OF 75kVA,


1-PHASE TRANSFORMER FOR SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT CALCULATION IS 1.8.

Deriving transformer R and X:


X/R = 1.8 ; X = 1.8 R

Z = √(X²+R²) = √[(1.8R)²+R²] = √(4.24R²) = 2.05913R


R = Z/2.05913 = 0.485642Z ; X = 1.8(0.485642Z) = 0.874156Z

RTRANSpu = 0.485642 X 0.0192 = 0.009324 pu


XTRANSpu = 0.874156 X 0.0192 = 0.016784 pu

3.) SECONDARY LINES CABLE (CA) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZCApu

ZCApu = (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 1.5-16, POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (EATON 2013),


R & X OF NO. 4/0 AWG ALL ALUMINUM CABLE:
R = 0.105 OHM/305m ; X = 0.031 OHM/305m

R = 0.105 OHM/305m X(50m) = 0.01721 OHM


X = 0.031 OHM/305m X(50m) = 0.005082 OHM
RCApu = 2(0.01721)X0.075 MVA/(0.240kV)² = 0.04482 pu
XCApu = 2(0.005082)X0.075 MVA/(0.240kV)² = 0.01323 pu

4.) SERVICE ENTRANCE CABLE (CB)PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZCBpu

ZCBpu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 80mm2 THW COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 0.077 OHM/305m ; X=0.042 OHM/305m

R = (0.077 OHM/305m)X(12m) = 0.00303 OHM


X = (0.042 OHM/305m)X(12m) = 0.0016525 OHM

RCBpu = [2(0.00303)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.00789 pu


XCBpu = [2(0.0016525)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.004303 pu

5.) ACU BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C11) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC11pu

ZC11pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(10.7m) = 0.0421 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(10.7m) = 0.001754 OHM

RC11pu = [2(0.0421)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.1096 pu


XC11pu = [2(0.001754)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.004568 pu

6.) ACU BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C12) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC12pu

ZC12pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(17.2m) = 0.0677 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(17.2m) = 0.00282 OHM

RC12pu = [2(0.0677)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.1763 pu


XC12pu = [2(0.00282)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.007344 pu
7.) ACU BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C13) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC13pu

ZC13pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²


FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(23.4m) = 0.09207 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(23.4m) = 0.003836 OHM

RC13pu = [2(0.09207)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.2398 pu


XC13pu = [2(0.003836)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.00999 pu

8.) WASHING MACHINE BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C14) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC14pu

ZC14pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(20.8m) = 0.08183 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(20.8m) = 0.00341 OHM

RC14pu = [2(0.08183)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.2131 pu


XC14pu = [2(0.00341)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.00888 pu

9.) REFRIGERATOR BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C15) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC15pu

ZC15pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(21.4m) = 0.0842 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(21.4m) = 0.003508 OHM

RC15pu = [2(0.0842)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.2193 pu


XC15pu = [2(0.003508)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.009135 pu

10.) WATER PUMP BRANCH CIRCUIT CONDUCTOR (C18) PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, ZC18pu

ZC18pu= (OHM X BASE MVA)/(BASE kV)²

FROM TABLE 9.1.1.9, PEC 2009,R & X OF 5.5mm2 THHN COPPER WIRE IN PVC CONDUIT:

R = 1.2 OHM/305m ; X=0.050 OHM/305m

R = (1.2 OHM/305m)X(24.6m) = 0.09679 OHM


X = (0.050 OHM/305m)X(24.6m) = 0.004033 OHM
RC18pu = [2(0.09679)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.2521 pu
XC18pu = [2(0.004033)X0.075 MVA]/(0.240kV)² = 0.0105 pu

11.) MOTOR PER-UNIT IMPEDANCE, Zmpu = (25%/100)x(BASE MVA/MOTOR MVA)

WHERE 25% IS THE AVERAGE INDUCTION MOTOR IMPEDANCE PER IEEE STD 141 (PEC 2009)

M1-ACU COMPRESSOR MOTOR


ZM1pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.0023MVA) = 8.1522 pu

M2-ACU COMPRESSOR MOTOR


ZM2pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.001840MVA) = 10.1902 pu

M3-ACU COMPRESSOR MOTOR


ZM3pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.001840MVA) = 10.1902 pu

M4-WASHING MACHINE MOTOR


ZM4pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.0015MVA) = 12.5 pu

M5-REFRIGERATOR MOTOR
ZM5pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.0015MVA) = 12.5 pu

M6-WATER PUMP MOTOR


ZM6pu = (25%/100)X(0.075MVA/0.0023MVA) = 8.1522 pu

C.)FAULT CALCULATIONS USING PER-UNIT METHOD

ZTOTAL pu = 0.055274+j0.032644 = √[(0.055274)2+(0.032644)2]=0.06419pu


ISC L-L @ “F1”=(PU VOLTAGE/ZTOTAL PU)X(BASE CURRENT)
=(1.0/0.06419)X(0.3125kA)
=4.8684 kA = 4,868.4 A RMS SYMMETRICAL
ZTOTAL pu = 0.06163+j0.03685 = √[(0.06163)2+(0.03685)2]=0.07181pu
ISC L-L @ “F1”=(PU VOLTAGE/ZTOTAL PU)X(BASE CURRENT)
=(1.0/0.07181)X(0.3125kA)
=4.3518 kA = 4,351.8 A RMS SYMMETRICAL
FAULT AT POINT “F3” - SMALL MOTORS CONTRIBUTION ARE CONSIDERED

1
1 1 1 1 1
+ + + +
(0.063164+ j 0.036947) (0.1763+ j 10.197544) (0.2398+ j 10.20019) (0.2131+ j12.50888) (0.2193+ j12.5
1
ZTOTAL pu = = 0.06063799935 + j0.03750972966
(11.92734738− j7.378072834)
=√ ¿ ¿

=0.070130180071 pu
ISC L-L@ “F3” =(PU VOLTAGE/ZTOTAL PU)X(BASE CURRENT)
= (1.0/0.07014908514)X(0.3125kA)
= 4.382778512 kA
= 4,382.8 A RMS SYMMETRICAL
ASSUMING FAULT CURRENTS IN ALL BRANCH CIRCUITS IS EQUAL TO THE VALUE TAKEN FROM
THE FAULT CURRENT AT “F3”:

ISC L-L@ “F3”=ISC L-L@ “F4”=ISC L-L@ “F5”=ISC L-L@ “F6”=ISC L-L@ “F7”=ISC L-L@ “F8”=ISC L-L@ “F9”=ISC L-L@
“F10”=ISC L-L@ “F11”=ISC L-L@ “F12”=ISC L-L@ “F13”=ISC L-L@ “F14”=ISC L-L@ “F15”=ISC L-L@ “F16”=ISC L-L@
“F17”=ISC L-L@ “F18”=ISC L-L@ “F19”=ISC L-L@ “F20”=ISC L-L@ “F21”=ISC L-L@ “F22”= ISC L-L@ “F23” =ISC L-L@
“F24”=ISC L-L@ “F25”=ISC L-L@ “F26”=ISC L-L@ “F27”=ISC L-L@ “F28”.

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