17CS742 – Cloud

computing applications
Module 1
2020-2021[ODD]
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17CS742 –
Cloud computing applications

► Module – 1 Introduction to cloud computing, Virtualization

► Module – 2 Cloud computing architecture, Aneka
► Module – 3 Concurrent computing, high throughput computing
► Module – 4 Data Intensive Computing
► Module – 5 Cloud platforms in industry, cloud applications

*
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Course Outcomes

► Explain cloud computing, virtualization and classify services of cloud

computing
► Illustrate architecture and programming in cloud
► Describe the platforms for development of cloud applications and List
the application of cloud.
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Text Book

► Rajkumar Buyya, Christian Vecchiola, and Thamarai Selvi Mastering

Cloud. Computing McGraw Hill Education

► Reference Book:
Dan C. Marinescu, Cloud Computing Theory and Practice, Morgan
Kaufmann, Elsevier 2013.
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Module 2

► Cloud Computing Architecture ► Cloud Definition

(Chapter 4) ► Cloud Interoperability and Standards

► Introduction ► Scalability and Fault Tolerance

► Security
► Cloud Reference Model
► Trust
► Architecture
► Privacy Organizational Aspects
► Infrastructure / Hardware as a Service,
► Platform as a Service
► Software as a Service
► Types of Clouds
► Public Clouds
► Private Clouds
► Hybrid Clouds
► Community Clouds,
► Economics of the Cloud
► Open Challenges
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Module 2

► Aneka (Chapter 5): ► Building Aneka Clouds

► Cloud Application Platform ► Infrastructure Organization

► Framework Overview ► Logical Organization

► Private Cloud Deployment Mode,
► Anatomy of the Aneka Container
► Public Cloud Deployment Mode,
► From the Ground Up: Platform
Abstraction Layer, ► Hybrid Cloud Deployment Mode,
► Fabric Services ► Cloud Programming and
Management
► Foundation Services
► Aneka SDK, Management Tools
► Application Services
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Broad Definition of Cloud
Computing

Cloud computing is a utility-

oriented and Internet-centric
way of delivering IT services on
demand. These services cover
the entire computing stack: from
the hardware infrastructure
packaged as a set of virtual
machines to software services
such as development platforms
and distributed applications.
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The cloud reference model
Cloud Applications

SaaS
User
Applications Social Computing, Enterprise ISV, Scientific Computing, CDNs

Cloud Programming Environment and Tools

PaaS

PaaS
Pure

Autonomic Cloud Economy

Adaptive Management
User-level Web 2.0, Mashups, Concurrent and Distributed Programming,
Middleware
Workflows , Libraries, Scripting

Cloud Hosting Platforms

IaaS

QoS Negotiation, Admission Control, Pricing, SLA Management,

IaaS (M)

Monitoring, Execution Management, Metering, Accounting

Core
Middleware
Virtual Machine (VM), VM Management and Deployment

Cloud Resources
System
Infrastructure
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Cloud computing Services
classification
 IaaS Reference Implementation
Web based Management Interface 10
Web Services, Portals, REST API

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRdmfo4M_YA
Infrastructure Management Software

Pricing / Billing QoS SLA Management Scheduling

Provisioning

Monitoring Reservation VM Image Repository VM Pool Management

Physical Infrastructure

Desktop /
Datacenter Cluster
Heterogeneous Resources
Third Party IaaS Cloud
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAbqJzd0PEE

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PaaS Web based Interface
Web Services, Portals, REST API Programming API / Libraries

PaaS Core Middleware

User
Elasticity &
Management
Scaling
Application
Runtime
Management

QoS / SLA Management &

Resources Management Billing

Physical Infrastructure IaaS Providers

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PaaS classification
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SaaS

► Coined in 2001 by the Software Information & Industry Association(SIIA)

In the software as a service model, the application, or service, is deployed
from a centralized datacenter across a network— Internet, Intranet, LAN, or
VPN—providing access and use on a recurring fee basis. Users “rent,”
“subscribe to,” “are assigned,” or “are granted access to” the applications
from a central provider. Business models vary according to the level to
which the software is streamlined, to lower price and increase efficiency, or
value-added through customization to further improve digitized business
processes.
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Types of Clouds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3WIJ4axzFlU

Public Cloud
• The cloud is open to the wider public.

Private Cloud
• The cloud is implemented within the private premises of an institution
• Generally made accessible to the members of the institution or a subset of them
Hybrid Cloud
• Combination of the two previous solutions

Community Cloud
• The cloud is characterized by a multi-administrative domain involving different deployment models
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Public Cloud
Amazon Datacenter : https://youtu.be/P2OlHrZQDUM

Google Datacenter : https://youtu.be/zDAYZU4A3w0

► From a structural point of view they are a distributed system

► Important characteristic : multitenancy
► provide effective monitoring of user activities and guarantee the desired
performance and the other QoS attributes negotiated with user
► QoS management – important aspect
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Private Cloud

► Avoids loss of control.

► Advantages according to Forrester Report (2009):
► Customer information protection: In-house security is easier to maintain and
rely on.
► Infrastructure ensuring SLAs: Quality of service implies specific operations such
as appropriate clustering and failover, data replication, system monitoring
and maintenance, and disaster recovery, and other uptime services can be
commensurate to the application needs.
► Compliance with standard procedures and operations : If organizations are
subject to third-party compliance standards, specific procedures have to be
put in place when deploying and executing applications.
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Private Clouds Stack
Case Study (Open Nebula): https://youtu.be/OlmAmBmUPeE
Platform as a Service Solutions
PaaS

DataSynapse, Zimory Pools,

Elastra CloudServer, Aneka, ….

Infrastructure Management Software

IaaS

Eucalyptus, OpenNebula, VMWare

IaaS (M)

vCloud, OpenPEX, InterGrid, …

Virtual Machine Technology

KVM, Xen, VMWare, …

Datacenters, Clusters, Desktop Grids

Physical Infrastructure
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Private Clouds

► Architectural viewpoint : implemented on heterogeneous h/w.

► Rely on existing IT infrastructure.
► Datacenter, cluster, enterprise desktop grid, or a combination.

► Physical layer is complemented by a PaaS solution.

► Bottom Layer : Xen, KVM, VMWare
► VMM management technologies :
► VMWare vCloud : proprietary solution

► Eucalyptus - Open Source

► OpenNebula – also open source, supports Xen, KVM, VMWare, designed specifically to easily
integrate with third party IaaS providers.
► Has a modular architecture that allows integration which allows for additional features, for eg. Haizea scheduler
for reserving VM instances.
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Tools for Deployment of private
clouds
► Solutions that rely on previous virtual machine managers and provide additional value : OpenPEX,
InterGrid
► OpenPEX : web-based system that allows reservation of VM instances, designed to support different back
ends.
► InterGrid : provides added value on top of OpenNebula and Amazon EC2
► Allows reservation of VM instances and managing multi-administrative domain clouds.

► PaaS solutions : provide additional layer – deliver high level service to existing clouds.

► Options available for private deployment of clouds : DataSynapse, Zimory Pools, Elastra, Aneka.
► DataSynapse : global provider of application virtualization software.
► Relies on VMWare virtualization technology.
► Elastra Cloud Server: easily configure and deploy distributed application infrastructure on clouds.
► Zimory : provides a software infrastructure that automates the use of resource pools based on Xen, KVM, VMWare
virtualization technologies.
► Aneka : s/w development platform that can be used to deploy a cloud infrastructure on top of heterogeneous h/w
Hybrid Cloud Hybrid / Heterogeneous

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Cloud

https://youtu.be/3kGFBBy3Lyg
► Heterogeneous Clouds

► Address scalability issues Public Cloud

Private Cloud
► By temporarily leasing services
as and when required – cloud
bursting.
► Dynamic provisioning : acquire Paas Dynamic
demand VM to increase the Provisionin
capability of existing distributed IaaS (M) g
system and release them.
► Most commonly implemented in
PaaS middleware
► Required to ensure the QoS is
met.
Public Cloud
► Aneka, Elastra CloudServer,
Zimory Pools all support hybrid Datacenter Cluster Desktop Grids /
cloud. NOWs
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Community Cloud

Community
Cloud Application
Services
3rd Party
Cloud
The infrastructure is shared by Public Cloud
Developmen
several organizations and t
Private Cloud
supports a specific Platforms
community that has shared Public Cloud
concerns (e.g., mission, Private Cloud
Federal and
security requirements, policy, Government
and compliance Bodies
considerations). It may be Private
managed by the Users
organizations or a third party Industries
Enterprises
and may exist on premise or Public Services
off premise.
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Economics of Cloud

► Reducing the capital costs associated to the IT infrastructure

► Eliminating the depreciation or lifetime costs associated with IT capital
assets
► Replacing software licensing with subscriptions
► Cutting the maintenance and administrative costs of IT resources

Oracle: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Va9fIF5nvKk

AWS : https://youtu.be/kUNBx1MTwxw
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3 types of pricing

► Tiered pricing : each tier is offered at a fixed computing specification

and SLA at a specific price per unit of time.
► Per-unit pricing : determined in terms of units of specific services, such as
data transfer and memory allocation.
► GoGrid : RAM/hour units

► Subscription-based pricing : mostly used by SaaS providers in which users

pay a periodic subscription fee
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Definition

Cloud
Organizational
Interoperability
Aspects
and Standards
Open
Challenges

Security, Scalability and

Fault
Privacy, Trust Tolerance
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Review Questions

► What are the fundamental components introduced in the cloud

reference model ?
► Which are the basic components of an IaaS-based solution for cloud
computing ?
► What does the acronym SaaS mean? How does it relate to cloud
computing ?
► Describe the different categories of options available in a PaaS market ?
► Classify the various types of clouds.
► How does cloud computing help to reduce the time to market for
applications and to cut down capital expenses ?
► List some of the challenges in cloud computing.