Security and Tecnology:
problems and
challengers related to
information
Team: Geovanna Antunes,Laura Alves,
Júlia Nobre, Guilherme Peixoto, João José,
Bento Emanuel, Lavínia Isabel and
Cristine
What is fake news?
Fake news is a sensationalist form of news dissemination based on the
deliberate distribution of disinformation or misinformation through:
-newspaper
-television
-radio,
-online (such as on social media)
This type of news is written and published with the intention of deceiving, using
false news intentionally using mainly discovered headlines to increase the
number of readers, shares and accesses.
Fake news is a new term, or neologism used to refer to lying news. The term fake
news originated in traditional media but has now been distributed to online
media. Michael Radutzky, producer of CBS's 60 Minutes, said his show views fake
news as "stories that are demonstrably false, have enormous cultural appeal and
are consumed by millions of people."
Why fake news and desinformation
are cyber security threats?
Cybersecurity focuses on protecting computer systems and
digital infrastructure. Cyberattacks use malware, viruses, and
trojans, whereas misinformation uses deep fakes, manipulated
data and misappropriated information.
It exploits people’s inherent biases, which can result in them
losing sight of what is real. The goal is to manipulate
individual thoughts and behaviour.
The WHO defines an “infodemic” as an ‘overabundance of
information that occurs during an epidemic’. Misinformation
and disinformation can be harmful to people’s health, reduce
the effectiveness of public health measures, and endanger
countries’ abilities to manage health disasters.
In Brazil, four out of 10 people say
they receive fake news every day. The
number is even higher among
Brazilians who worry about falling for
fake news or that their relatives will.
In this scenario, the index rises to 65%
In addition to Brazil, people from the
United States, United Kingdom,
Germany, Nigeria, India and Japan
were interviewed. The survey had
8,500 participants, more than a
thousand in Brazil. Among those who
accidentally shared incorrect
information at some point, 43 % of
Brazilians said they had already sent
a post, video, image or news and only
later realized that it was fake news.
Types of misinformation
1. Fabricated Content: Completely false content;
2. Manipulated Content: Genuine information or imagery that has been distorted,
sensational headline or populist ‘click bait’;
3. Imposter Content: Impersonation of genuine sources, e.g. using the branding of an
established agency;
4. Misleading Content: Misleading information, e.g. comment presented as fact;
5. False Context: Factually accurate content combined with false contextual
information, when the headline of an article does not reflect the content;
6. Satire and Parody: Humorous but false stores passed off as true.
There is no intention to harm
but readers may be fooled;
How to evaluate the news
One of the first things to consider is whether the source is known
for its expertise in the field or recognized as a reliable authority.
Sources that have a reputation for providing accurate and well-
researched information are more likely to be reliable. For example,
academic institutions, government websites, and established news
organizations often fall into this category.
What is the solution to put an end to
rumors?
With the ease of spreading news, misinformation can
reach many people quickly and thus bring negative
consequences for those involved.
Cases of false rumors on social networks are very
common in our society and are very harmful, for this
type of case finding a solution for this case is essential.
Not sharing if you are in doubt as to whether the
content is true is one of the current solutions that we
must taking, as well as several others, reporting and
sending messages to verification groups such as Fato
or Fake are among the experts' tips on not spreading
lies.
What are fact checking sites:
Nowadays are many ways to check the veracity of
informations, one of them is using fact verification sites. This
type of website can make people be able to know if the fact
that they believe is true or a fake news. One of the best sites
all over the world is the:
Google Fact Check Explorer
Million of new articles are published online every day.
Unfortunately, not all of them are factual or true, making it
hard for journalists to distinguish fact from fiction. This site
can verificate images and texts due the Google data library,
that has any kind of information.
"Fact Check tools can help journalists find articles that debunk
false or misleading information" This is what Google says
about this tool.
Are some many examples of sites, like:
Reuters Fact Check, FactCheck.org, BBC Reality Check and
others that can be also used to combat misinformation.
Artificial intelligence as a solution
Artificial intelligence offers a promising solution to combat
fake news. With its ability to analyze large volumes of data,
identify patterns and verify facts in real time, taking into
account different aspects, such as the source of information,
the author's history and the consistency of the information
presented. Artificial intelligence can help limit the spread of
misinformation and promote a more trustworthy information
environment
Thanks for listening!
