What Is an Intrusion Detection System?

 An intrusion detection system definition includes installing a monitoring system that helps
detect suspicious activities and issue alerts about them.
 Depending upon these alerts, a SOC (security operations center) analyst or the incident
responder investigates the issue and takes the required steps to eradicate the threat.
 While these systems are quite effective for detecting malicious activity, they sometimes
generate false alarms. So, organizations need to fine-tune them at the time of installation.
This means you need to properly set up the intrusion detection system to identify what
normal traffic on the network looks like.
 Additionally, the intrusion prevention system also keeps a check on the network packets to
detect malicious activity.

Why Are Intrusion Detection Systems Important?

 The goal of IDS is to monitor the network assets to detect inappropriate behavior in the
network.
 Attackers continuously develop new exploits and affect techniques that are designed to affect
the defense. Some attacks are for obtaining user credentials that grant access to the network
and data.
 A Network Intrusion detection system (NIDS) is important for network security as it allows
you to respond to malicious traffic.
 An intrusion detection system's prime benefit is ensuring that the respective person is notified
when the attack happens.
 In addition, a network intrusion detection system keeps a check on both inbound and
outbound traffic on the network and monitors data traversing between the system and the
network.
How Does Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Works?
 IDS operates through a process where different events on the network are analyzed and
monitored to detect incidents of malicious activity or any kind of security violation.
 It is placed out from the real-time communication band in your network to work as a
detection system.
 It uses SPAN or TAP port to analyze the copy of inline network packets to ensure that the
traffic coming is not malicious.
 So, if you set an IDS program, the system will be able to:
 Recognize attack patterns from the network packets
 Monitor the user behavior
 Identify the abnormal traffic activity
 Ensure that user and system activity do not go against security policies
Types of Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
There are many different types of IDS for protecting computer networks. Below are
popular types of intrusion detection systems:
1. Host Intrusion Detection Systems
2. Protocol-Based Intrusion Detection System
3. Application Protocol-Based Intrusion Detection System
4. Hybrid Intrusion Detection System

1. Host Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS):

 HIDS host-based intrusion detection system runs on independent devices, i.e., a host on the
network monitors the incoming and outgoing packets and alerts the administrator about
malicious activity.
 It takes a snapshot of the existing system files to identify the abnormalities. If there are any
discrepancies among the file sent or if anything got deleted, an alert is sent to the
administrator for further investigations.
2. Protocol-Based Intrusion Detection System (PIDS):
 PIDS, a Protocol-based IDS, is a system or agent that resides consistently at the front end of
the server to control and interpret the protocol between the user and the server.
 PIDS is for securing the web server by monitoring the HTTPS protocol stream.
 A typical use of PIDS is at the front end of the web server, keeping a check on the HTTP or
HTTPS stream.
3. Application Protocol-Based Intrusion Detection System (APIDS):
 An application-based intrusion detection system is a system that stays within a group of
servers.
 It identifies the intrusions by monitoring and interpreting the communication on application-
specific protocols.
 APIDS uses machine language to establish the baseline of the expected system behavior in
terms of bandwidth, parts, protocol, and device usage.
4. Hybrid Intrusion Detection System:

 A hybrid intrusion detection system results from two or more approaches to the IDS.
 In this, the host agent or the system data is combined with the network information to
develop a complete view of network systems. This system is quite effective in comparison to
other IDS.
Detection Method of IDS Deployment
Any IDS uses different methods for detecting malicious network traffic. Some of them are:
1. Signature Detection:
 Signature-based intrusion detection systems use fingerprints of known threats to keep a check
on them.
 Once the malicious traffic or packets are detected, the IDS generates a signature to scan the
incoming traffic to detect known malicious patterns.
 The signature-based IDS can detect the attacks whose patterns are already present in the
system but are unable to detect new or unknown malicious or attack network traffic.
2. Anomaly Detection:
 The anomaly-based intrusion detection system was introduced to detect unknown malicious
attacks as new attack methods are developed quickly.
 This detection method uses machine learning to create a trustful activity model, and anything
that comes is compared with that model to detect malicious traffic or patterns.
 The machine learning-based method has better-generalized property as compared to the
signature-based IDS and are trained with the IDS application and hardware configurations.
3. Hybrid Detection:
This IDS uses both signature-based as well as anomaly-based detection system and enable it to
detect potential threats with a minimum error rate.
Intrusion Detection System Evasion Techniques
Intrusion Detection Systems are important for protecting networks, but attackers use clever tricks
to avoid detection. Knowing these tricks can help improve IDS performance.
 Fragmentation: This method splits malicious data into small packets that slip through
unnoticed.
 Obfuscation: This technique changes attack patterns to avoid detection.
 Protocol violations: This tactic sends faulty packets that confuse the IDS.
 Rate-based evasion: It involves slow attacks to stay under the IDS radar.
 Encryption hides malicious data, making it hard for IDS to inspect.
To fight these tactics, IDS must use deep packet inspection, update their signatures often, and
employ smart detection methods to catch these sneaky attacks.
How To Select An IDS Solution?
Once you know what IDS is and its detection, you need to follow these steps to select an IDS
solution:
Step 1: Identify The Baseline:
 To ensure that your IDS works appropriately, set a baseline so you would know what's
coming on your network.
 Keep in mind that every network carries additional traffic, and defining a pre-set initial
baseline help prevent false negatives.
 An intrusion detection system in network security will keep your network protected from
firewalls.
 To ensure that your IDS works appropriately, set up a baseline so that you would know
what's coming on your network.
 Keep in mind that every network carries different traffic, and defining a pre-set initial
baseline help prevent false negatives. An intrusion detection system in network security will
keep your network protected from firewalls.
Step 2: Define The Deployment:
 Always deploy the distributed intrusion detection system at the highest point to not
overwhelm the system with data.
 Place it at the edge, behind the firewall, or install multiple IDSes if you are dealing with a lot
of traffic.
Step 3: Test The IDS:
 Test the system to ensure it detects the potential threats and responds to them properly.
 Use test datasets or have security professionals do a pen test.
Advantages Of Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
Apart from raising the alarms, the intrusion detection system software also helps in configuring
rules, policies, and respective actions to be taken.
Below are the benefits of using an IDS:
 1. It keeps a check on the routers, firewalls, key servers, and files and uses its database to
raise the alarm and send notifications.
2. Offer centralized management for the correlation of the attack.
3. Act as an additional layer of protection for the company.
4. It analyzes different attacks, identifies their patterns, and helps the administrator to
organize and implement effective control.
5. Provide system administrators the ability to quantify the attack.
6. An IDS in cyber security help detects cybersecurity problems.
Disadvantages Of Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
There are four key challenges that businesses face when managing IDS systems:
1. Ensuring Effective Deployment: To ensure a high level of visibility, companies must
ensure that their wireless intrusion detection system is optimized and installed correctly.
While deploying IDS can be tricky, and if not done properly, it may create vulnerabilities
for critical assets.
2. Understanding and Investigating Alerts: IDS alerts give very little information, which,
sometimes, is hard to investigate. You may lag with information like what caused the
attack or what further actions are required to oppose a threat. Also, investigating the IDS
alerts can be time and resource-intensive, which may require additional information to
identify the seriousness of the attack.
3. Managing a High Volume Of Alerts: Since there is the vast majority of attacks are
generated by intrusion detection, it may put the burden on internal teams to identify each
one of them. Sometimes, these system alerts are false positives, which are hard to
screen. Also, some IDS come pre-loaded with some defined alert signatures that are
insufficient for many organizations.
4. Knowing How To Tackle Threats: A common issue that organizations face is the lack
of appropriate incident response capability. Identifying a problem is half a thing;
knowing how to respond appropriately is a challenging and critical thing. An effective
incident response needs an expert who knows how to remediate threats and what
procedures are required to address the issue. Sometimes a home intrusion detection
system gives false alarms, so keep a check on the type of threats and how you need to
handle them.

IDS Vs Firewall

 Installing an intrusion Detection System project and a firewall offers cybersecurity solutions
deployed to protect the network or its endpoint. (get into the basics to advance with the help
of the best IT Security certifications and know how these IDS help in
cybersecurity) However, both serve different purposes.
 An IDS is a passive monitoring device that helps detect threats and generate alerts. It enables
SOC (security operation center) analysts or incident responders to detect and respond to the
threat. An IDS provides no protection to the endpoint.
 On the other hand, a firewall is an active protective device and is more like an Intrusion
Prevention System (IPS). It performs analysis of the metadata of the network packets and
helps block/allow the traffic based on some pre-set rules. This creates a boundary on which
some types of traffic or protocols cannot pass.
IDS and IPS
Understanding the difference between IDS and IPS is important for designing concrete security
architectures that can effectively detect and prevent cyber threats.
IDS (Intrusion
Aspect IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)
Detection System)
Monitors network traffic Monitors network traffic and takes proactive
1. Functionality and generates alerts for actions (such as blocking) against suspicious
suspicious activities. activities.
Passive – only alerts Active – prevents and mitigates threats in real-
2. Action
about potential threats. time.
Positioned within the
network Positioned in-line within the network path to
3. Placement
to monitor traffic and intercept and block threats.
detect anomalies.
Delays in response as it
requires manual Immediate response to threats, reducing the risk
4. Response Time
intervention to address of damage.
threats.
Higher rate of false
Lower rate of false positives due to real-time
5. False Positives positives due to its
prevention mechanisms.
monitoring nature.