Reference Slide

Slide for Study Purpose, Source BUSINESS INFORMATION SYSTEM Book W:-Saroj
Pandey& Sunil Sharma KEC Publications and Different web,S.K.Parajuli

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SOCIAL COMPUTING

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 Social computing is the use of a computer for social purposes,
such as communication, collaboration, and information sharing
Social computing is about the use of technology to facilitate social interaction and
collaboration.

Social computing is an area of computer science that is concerned

with the intersection of social behavior and computational systems.

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Introduction:-

The way we interact, consume information, and even conduct business that’s been
fundamentally reshaped by the rise of social computing. The transformative phenomena goes
viewing simply connecting people online. It’s about harnessing the power of collective
intelligence, fostering collaboration and creating new methods of social interaction within a
digital landscape.

Social computing is about the use of technology to facilitate social interaction and
collaboration. It encompasses a vast collection of online platform and tools that enable users to
create and share content. Blogs, social media platform and online forums allow users to share
their thought experience and creativity with a global audience,

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Similarly, it connect the build relationship. Social networking sites like Facebook and LinkedIn
enable users to connect with friends, family, colleagues and like-minded individuals. likewise
wikis, online document editing tools and project management platforms facilities
collaboration on project and the creation of shared knowledge resources, Furthermore, It
facilitate engaging in exposes and knowledge sharing. Online forum, discussion boards and
social media groups provide platforms for exchanging ideas, debating topics and sharing
knowledge.

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The Social computing environment is colorful patchwork of several platforms, each of which
support distinct models of interaction and meet a particular set. Here are few well- known
instance example of social media platforms:-

Social Networking Sites:- Platform like Facebook, X (formally Twitter) TikTok and Instagram
connect people across geographical boundaries. They allow users to share update photos,
videos and connect with their friends family and connections.

Microblogging:- Platform like X (formerly Twitter) enable users to share short. Real time update
in the form of “tweets.” This fosters information dissemination, breaking news event and public
disclosures on trending topics.

Media Sharing Platform:- Platforms like YouTube and Instagram allow users to share photos
videos and other multimedia content. This enable content creators to reach a global audience
and fosters the user generated content.

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Differences between Bloggers and Vloggers

1.Medium:
•Bloggers: Primarily use written content, often accompanied by images or infographics.
•Vloggers: Use video as their main content format, often hosted on platforms like YouTube or Vimeo.

2.Platform:
•Bloggers: Typically use blogging platforms such as WordPress, Blogger, or Medium.
•Vloggers: Use video-sharing platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, or Instagram.

3.Equipment:
•Bloggers: Mainly need a computer and internet access for writing and publishing posts.
•Vloggers: Require video recording equipment, such as cameras, microphones, and video editing software .

:- web

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 Example of social media platforms:-
Blogging and online publishing:- Blog an online publishing platform empower individuals and
organization to share their knowledge perspectives and expertise with a wider audience.

Online forum and communities:- Discussion board and online communities provide space for
user with your interest to discuss topics, exchange ideas and build communication around
specific themes.

Collaborative tools and wikis:- Platform like Google Docs and Wikipedia allow multiple users to
collaborate on creating and editing document and knowledge bases. This fosters co-creation
and knowledge sharing across diverse groups.

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The Rise of social computing has certainly transform our social landscape. Here’s a closer look
at is multi facilitate impact.

• Enhance communication and connection:- Social computing platform enable us to connect

with people across geographical boundaries, fostering relationship and building
communities.

• Collaboration and innovation:- Social computing tools empower people to collaborate on

projects, share knowledge and foster innovation across diverse fields.

• Empowerment and social movements:- Social media platform have became powerful tools
for social movement enabling collective action and promoting social change.

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 The Rise of social computing has certainly transform our social landscape. Here’s a closer
look at is multi facilitate impact.

• Economic opportunities:- The rise of the social media web has created new economic
opportunities for individual and business through online marketing ecommerce platform
and the creator economy.

• Democratize of information:- Anyone with an Internet connection can now became a

publisher, sharing information and ideas with global audience.

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Even Though Social Computing has a Huge Positive impact there are drawbacks as well:-

• Privacy concerns:- Sharing personal information online raises privacy concerns, with
data breaches and targeted advertising, being major issue.

• Misinformation and Disinformation:- The ease of sharing information online creates

challenges in curbing (controlling or limiting)the spread of misinformation and “fake
news”.

• Cyber bullying and online Abuse:- Social media platform can be hotbeds /sources for
cyberbullying and online abuse, leading to navigate mental health impact on users.

• Digital Divide:- Unequal access to technology and the Internet create a digital divide,
where some segment of society are excluded omitted from the benefits of social
computing.
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Even though Social Computing has a huge positive impact there are drawbacks as well:-

Echo chambers and polarization:- Social media algorithms can create echo chambers, where
users are mainly exposed to contain that confirms their existing beliefs leading to social
polarization.

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Web 2.0
The Internet we use today is vastly different from the one that existed just a couple of decades
ago. In the evolution of the Internet, Web 2.0 marks or significant milestone. It represent a shift
from static web pages to dynamic, user-generated content-driven platform that emphasizes
collaboration, interactively and community building. It encompasses a wide range of
technologies, principles and application that have transformed the way we interact with the
Internet. Web 2.0 emerged as a response to the limitation of the early web, which mainly
consisted of static HTML, pages and lacked the interactively and users engagement seen in
modern websites. Web 2.0 doesn’t represent a specific technological upgrade. Instead, it
describe of fundamental changes in how we interact with the Internet.

Web 2.0 changed how we use and think about the internet. Instead of passive consumers of
information, users became active participants, contributing contain, sharing ideas and
collaborating with other in online communities. This shift was facilitated by advancement in
technology such as broadband Internet access, AJAX( Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) and
the widespread adoption of the social media platform.
describe a new way of thinking or a new waySource
of doing things.
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Source BIS Book W:-Saroj Pandey& Sunil Sharma KEC
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Source BIS Book W:-Saroj Pandey& Sunil Sharma KEC
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Key characteristics of Web 2.0

User generated content:- One of the defining features of Web 2.0 is the emphasis on user
generated content. It empowers users to create and share their own content. Platform such
as social media, wikis, and blogging sites. Allow users to create, shares and interact with
content in real time. This can range from blog posts, photos on Facebook and Instagram and
videos on YouTube or TikTok on social media updates and reviews on platform like yelp.

1.Social interaction and collaboration:- Social networking lies at the heart of wave 2.0,
enabling users to connect with friends, family and like-minded individuals across the globe.
platform like Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn and Snap chat have became integral part of
daily life for billions of people worldwide. Wikis, like Wikipedia, where users can collectively
edit and contribute to content, are another hallmark of this era. Web 2.0 fosters a sense of
community by enabling users to connect, share ideas and collaborate on the project.
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2.Interactively:- Web 2.0 sites arrange interactively, enabling users to engage with content in
meaningful ways. This includes features like comments, likes, shares, and ratings, which foster
communication and collaboration among users.

3.Focus on Usability:- Web 2.0 apps are easy to use. They are made simple so everyone can use
them, even if they don't know a lot about computers.

4.Interoperability :-Web 2.0 applications and services are often designed to works seamlessly
with each other. This allows users to share data and information across platforms, creating a
more interconnected web experience.

5.Rich Multimedia:- Web 2.0 platforms leverage rich multimedia content, including images,
videos and audio to enhance and engagements. streaming service like YouTube and music
platform like spotify .

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6.Collaborative Editing:- Web 2.0 Introduce collaborative editing tools that allow multiple users to
work together on document, spreadsheet, and presentations in real time. Google Docs for example
enable seamless collaboration and version control among the team members.

7.Rise of Cloud Computing:- Web 2.0 simultaneously with the growth of the cloud based service.
This means data and application are stored on remote servers, accessible from any device an
Internet connection. This paved the way for service like Google Drive and Dropbox.

8.Personalization:- Web 2.0 platform leverage data analytics and machine leveraging algorithm to
personalize content based on user preferences, behavior and demographic. This personalization in
enhances users engagement and retention by delivering relevant content tailored to individual
interest.
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9.API and Mashups:- Application programming interface (APIs) play a crucial role in Web 2.0 by
enabling developer to create mashups-integrated web application and combine data and functionality
from multiple sources. Examples widgets, mapping services like Google Maps, social media aggregations
tools etc.

•A weather widget that displays the current temperature and forecast.

•A calendar widget that shows upcoming events.
•A news widget that displays headlines from your favorite news sources.
•A social media widget that shows updates from your friends and
followers.
•A music player widget that allows you to control your music playback

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Examples

Web 2.0 fundamentally transformed how we access and interact with information online.
Here are some of the most prominent/ Major example:-

1.Social media:- Platform like Facebook, X (formally Twitter) Instagram and LinkedIn are
prime example of Web 2.0. They allow users to connect with friends, family and colleagues
share update and engage in other.

2.Blogging and Microblogging:- Blogging platform like Word Press and Blogger empower
individuals to share their thought experience and expertise with a global audience
microblogging platform like Twitter facilitate software real time updates and communication.

Feature Blogging Microblogging

Content Length Longer, in-depth posts Short, concise updates
Frequency Less frequent updates Frequent updates
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Web 2.0 fundamentally transformed how we access and interact with information online.
Here are some of the most prominent example:-

3.Video Sharing:- YouTube revolutionized how we consume and share videos. It allows anyone
to upload and share videos. Creating a platform for entertainment education, and self-
expression.

4.Social News and Bookmarking:- Platform like Reddit and Pinterest allow you user to "Select“
curate or share interesting content they find online. This fosters a sense of community and help
users discover new information.

5.Online Collaboration Tools:- Web 2.0 introduce tools like Google Docs and Sheets, which
enable real time collaboration on documents and spreadsheets. This transformed how teams
work together remotely.

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Web 2.0 in Business:
Businesses have transformed operations and customer connections using Web 2.0. Social media
platforms provide direct communication with target audiences, allowing companies to promote
products, share updates, and engage with customers to build brand loyalty and community.
Web 2.0 tools also offer valuable customer feedback and data through social media analytics,
online reviews, and forums, revealing preferences and buying habits. Cloud-based project
management and video conferencing tools enhance team collaboration, even across distances,
fostering innovation and streamlining workflows. Additionally, Web 2.0 offers cost-effective
marketing opportunities, leveraging social media, content marketing, and influencer marketing
to reach wider audiences at lower costs.

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Fundamentals of Social Computing in Business:
The rise of social computing has transformed traditional business communication and
marketing. By leveraging online communities and social media platforms, businesses can build
stronger customer relationships, foster brand loyalty, and gain valuable insights for strategic
decisions.
Social computing, which combines social behavior and computational systems, helps businesses
connect with customers, partners, and employees digitally. It includes technologies, platforms,
and strategies that facilitate interaction, collaboration, and communication online. Key concepts
in social computing include social networking, online communities, crowdsourcing, social media
analytics, and collaborative filtering.

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Social computing in business is not simply about having a Facebook page or Instagram profile. It
is a strategic approach built on core principle that redefines how businesses connect with
stakeholders. Social computing encourages two-way communication, enabling businesses to
listen to customer feedback, address concerns, and build trust through genuine interactions.
Social platforms foster online communities where businesses can gather customer insights,
co-create content, and generate brand advocates. Customers can become brand ambassadors
by sharing user-generated content like product reviews and photos. Social media platforms also
provide valuable data on customer sentiment and brand perception or view, which businesses
can utilize, analyze tool to gain valuable insight that inform marketing strategies, product
development, and customer service.

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Social Computing offers a diverse toolbox for businesses to achieve various strategies goal.
Some of the prominent application of social computing in business are explained here

1.Customer engagement and relationship management:- Social computing platform enable

business to engage with customers in real time, respond to inquiries and gather feedback to
improve product and services. Social media channels serve as valuable touch point for building
relationships, fostering brand loyalty and driving customer advocacy.

2.Marketing and Branding:- Social computing facilities targeted marketing campaign, influencer
partnership and users-generated content initiatives to raise brand awareness attract new
customers and drive conversions. Social media analytics tools provide insight into audience
demographics preferences and engagement metrics to inform marketing strategies.

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3.Crowdsourcing and idea generation:- Social computing enables business to Crowdsource ideas
solution and feedback from customers, employee and external stakeholder. Crowdsourcing
initiatives can involve innovation challenges, ideations contests and open innovation platform to
harness collective intelligence and drive problem solving.

4.Reputation management and crisis communication:- Social computing tools monitor online
conversations, sentiment and mention of the brand to manage reputation and address potential
crisis. Social media listening tools enable businesses to proactively response to customers and
complaints, mitigate navigate feedback and preserve brand reputation.

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5.Employee Collaboration and knowledge sharing:- Internal social computing platform such
as enterprise social networks and collaboration tools promote teamwork knowledge
sharing and innovation within organizations. Employee can collaborate on projects share
best practice and across related information to enhance productivity and decision making.

Collaboration Tools
•Slack
•Microsoft Teams
•Google Workspace (formerly G Suite)
•Asana
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Social Computing has numerous benefits in business some of them discuss below:-

1.Enhance customer engagement:- Social computing fosters meaningful interaction and

relationship with customers leading to increased loyalty, support and customer lifetime value.

2.Improve brand Awareness and visibility:- Social media boosts brand reach and visibility by
showcasing products and services to a global audience. It enhances brand awareness,
promotes offerings, and allows direct engagement with potential customers through targeted
ads, influencer marketing, and engaging content.

Social computing to engage customers through its app and

loyalty program, offering personalized rewards, promotions,
and interactions. This fosters customer loyalty and increases
lifetime value.

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3.Greater market insight and competitive intelligence:- Social media analytics provide valuable
insight into the market trends, competitor activities and consumer behavior empowering
business to make informed decisions and stay ahead of the competition. Social media offers a
window into the customers sentiment and industry trends. Businesses can monitor brand
mentions, analyze competitors strategies and identify emerging market opportunities through
social listening tools.

4.Increase employee collaboration and productivity:- Internal social computing platform facilitate
communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing among employee leading to improve
teamwork innovation and productivity.

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5.Agility and adaptability:- Social computing enables business to adapt quickly to changing
market dynamics, customer preferences and industry trends, allowing them to innovate, pivot
and stay relevant in the fast changing business environment.

6.Social Recruiting:- Social networking sites like LinkedIn can be used to attract and recruit top
talent. Companies can build employer branding showcase company culture and the connect
with potential employees.

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While the benefits of social computing are undeniable, navigating the social landscape
comes with challenges:-

1. Resource Allocation:- Building and maintaining a successful social media presence

requires dedicated staff budget allocation and a well defined strategy.

2.Negative publicity:- Social media platform can be breeding ground for criticism.
Businesses need to be prepared to handle negative feedback and effectively manage their
online reputation.
3.Time commitment:- Engaging on social media requires consistent effort. Businesses need
to dedicate time to creating engaging content, responding to the comment and monitoring
online conversations.

4.Data privacy concern:- Businesses need to be mindful/aware of data privacy regulation

and implement best practices to protect customer data collected on social media
platforms.
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The successful implement social computing the business needs to find out the best ways.
The possible best practices are discussed here.

1.Define Clear Goals, Objective and Metrics:- Business should establish clear goals,
objectives, and key preferences indicators (KPI) for social computing initiatives to measure
success and ROI (Return on Investment).Define your objectives for social media engagement
such as do you aim to increase brand awareness, improve customer services or generate
leads?

2.Know your Audience:- Research your target audience and understand their demographics,
interest and preferred social media platforms.

3.Develop a Content Strategy:- Create engaging content that connects with your audience.
This could include blog post, infographics, videos, users generated content and live streams.

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 The successful implement social computing the business needs to find out the best ways.
The possible best practices are discussed here.
4.Provide value-added Content:- Business will create and share valuable content that educates
entertains or inspire your audience to drive engagement and build brand authority.

5.Be Consistent and Authentic:- Maintain a consistent brand voice and post regularly to stay top-
of- mind with your audience. Be authentic and transparent in your communication.

6.Invest in Community Management:- Train a dedicated team to manage your social media
presence. This includes responding to comments, addressing customer concerns and fostering a
positive online community.

7.Foster Community and Collaboration:- Business Should cultivate online communities, forums or
groups where customers and employee can connect, share ideas and support each other.

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The successful implement social computing the business needs to find out the best ways.
the possible best practices are discussed here.

8.Monitor and Measure Performance:-Business should use social media analytics tool to track
performance, analyze trends and identify area for improvement in social computing efforts.
Track social media performance using analytic tools. Measure key metrics like engagement,
reach and conversions. Use these insight to refine your strategy and optimize your content for
better result.

9.Embrace Paid Advertising (if necessary):- Consider allocating a budget for targeted social
media advertising to reach a wider audience and boost the effectiveness of organic reach.

10.Stay Updated with Trends:-Stay informed about the latest social media trends and adapt
your strategy accordingly. New platform and features emerge constantly ,so be prepared to
adjust and experiments.

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 The successful implement social computing the business needs to find out the best ways.
the possible best practices are discussed here.

11.Choose the Right Platform:- Don’t spread yourself too thin, Focus on the platform where your
target audience is most active.

12.Listen and Engage:- Business should actively listen to customer feedback, respond to inquiries
promptly and engage with customers authentically to the build trust and credibility.’

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Social Computing in Shopping:
Social computing has transformed shopping by changing how consumers discover, evaluate, and
purchase products and services. Social media platforms, online reviews, and recommendation
systems have become integral to the shopping journey, influencing consumer behavior and
purchasing decisions.
Social commerce integrates social media features into e-commerce platforms, facilitating product
discovery, peer recommendations, and social interactions. Platforms like Instagram and Pinterest
offer Shoppable posts and product tagging, allowing users to buy products directly from their
feeds.
Consumers now rely on social media and online reviews for authentic recommendations and
opinions from peers and influencers. User-generated content, such as product reviews, unboxing
videos, and influencer endorsements, significantly shapes consumer perceptions and purchase
decisions.

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Further Impact of Social Computing in Shopping:
Social computing empowers consumers to actively participate in the shopping process,
allowing them to share their experiences, preferences, and recommendations with their social
networks. Social shopping communities and forums provide platforms for users to exchange
product recommendations, share shopping tips, and seek advice from fellow shoppers. This
has made shopping more collaborative, social, and interactive.
In essence, social computing has transformed shopping into a social experience, enabling
consumers to connect, engage, and interact with brands, products, and peers in real-time. By
leveraging social media, user-generated content, and peer recommendations, businesses can
enhance customer engagement, drive brand loyalty, and capitalize on social influences to
boost sales and foster meaningful connections with their target audience.

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.
Social Computing in Marketing:
Social computing has revolutionized marketing by enhancing connectivity, engagement, and
interaction between brands and consumers. Through social media platforms, online
communities, and user-generated content, businesses can now communicate, promote, and
engage with their target audience more effectively. Social media marketing leverages platforms
like Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter), and LinkedIn to reach customers, create engaging
content, run targeted ads, and interact in real-time, building brand awareness and loyalty. User-
generated content, such as reviews, photos, and videos, plays a crucial role in shaping brand
perceptions and influencing purchase decisions. Additionally, social computing democratizes
content creation and distribution, empowering consumers to participate in the marketing
process. Businesses can harness this content to amplify marketing efforts and build trust. Social
media analytics provide valuable insights into customer demographics and behavior, allowing
businesses to tailor their strategies, optimize campaigns, personalize experiences, and drive
measurable results.

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Social Computing in Customer Relationship Management
Social computing has transformed the way business engage with their customers,
revolutionizing Customer Relationship Management (CRM). The days of impersonal phone
calls and one way e-mail blast are long gone. Through direct communication made possible by
social media platform CRM is becoming more participating and focused on the needs of the
client. Social computing enhances CRM in the following ways:-

1.Two way communication:- Social media platform allow business to have real time
conversation with customers. Businesses can address customer inquiries promptly, resolve
issue publicly and gather valuable feedback directly from the audience. This fosters trust and
transparency, leading to a stronger customer relationships.

2.Social listening:- Social media platform are the goldmine of customer sentiment. Business
can utilize social listening tools to track brand mentions analyze customer feedback and
understand customer needs and preferences. These insight can then be used to improve
product and services, personalized marketing campaigns, and tailor customer service
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3.Building customer communities:- Social media can be used to create online communities
around brands. These communities provide a platform for customers to connect with each other,
share experience and offer peer-to-peer support. This fosters a sense of belonging and brand
loyalty, as customers feel valued and part of larger community.

4.Personalized customer service:- Social media allows businesses to provide personalized

customer service. By interacting with customer on their preferred platform, businesses can offer
targeted solution and demonstrate a genuine interest in resolving issue. This personalized
approach enhances customer satisfaction and loyalty.

5.Social advocacy :- Happy customer are more likely to become brand advocates on the social
media. Businesses can encourage user generated content like positive reviews, product
recommendations and social media mentions. This authentic from marketing foster trust among
potential customers and boost brand credibility.
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Social computing when integrated effectively with CRM strategies, can create a win win
situation for both business and customers. Business can build stronger relationship, improve
customer satisfaction and achieve their strategic goals, while customers benefit from a more
personalized and interactive experience.

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Social computing in Human Resource Management:-

Social computing has significantly reshaped the landscape of human resource management
(HRM) by introducing new avenues for recruitments employee engagement and knowledge
sharing. It has revolutionized the way up organization recruit engage and manage their
workforce. By leveraging social media platform online, collaboration tools and digital
communication channels, HR professional can enhance employee engagements, streamlines
recruitment processes and foster a culture of collaboration and innovation with the organization.
Here's a look at How social networking site is changing the landscape of human resource
management:-

1.Enhance recruitment strategies:- Social media platform like LinkedIn and professional
networking sites have become valuable tools for talent acquisition. Recruiters can source
potential candidates, screen resumes and connect with the passive job seekers who might not be
actively searching for new opportunities. Social media also allow companies to showcase their
company culture and employer brand, attracting top talent in the competitive market.
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How social networking site is changing the landscape of human resource management:-
2.Improve employee engagement:- Social media can foster a more connected and engaged.
Internal communication platform and collaborative tools like wikis and online forums facilitate
knowledge sharing, project collaboration and team building. Employee can connect with
colleagues across departments share ideas, and feel more invested in the company success.

3.Streamlined onboarding and training:- Social platform can be used to create interactive
onboarding program for new hires. New employee can access company information, training
material and connect with colleagues through online communities making the onboarding
process is smoother and more efficient.

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How social networking site is changing the landscape of human resource management:-

4.Performance management and feedback:- Social media tools can be used to provide
ongoing feedback and performance reviews peer-to-peer recognition platform can
collaborate document can foster a culture of continuous improvement and transparent
performance evaluation.

5.Employer Branding and Employee advocacy:- Social media platform provide a platform for
companies to showcase their company culture, values and employee testimonials. Engaged
employee can become brand ambassadors on social media sharing positive experience.
Finding people who fit well with the company's values and style.

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Social Computing in HRM:-
Social computing is vital in HRM, particularly in recruitment and talent acquisition. Platforms
like LinkedIn and Facebook help HR professionals identify, attract, and engage top talent by
reaching a broader candidate pool, including passive job seekers, and building relationships
through targeted messaging.
Additionally, internal social networking platforms like Slack and Microsoft Teams facilitate
employee engagement and communication, allowing real-time collaboration and knowledge
sharing. HR departments can gather feedback and measure employee sentiments using
feedback tools, pulse surveys, and social listening platforms to improve satisfaction and
retention. Social computing also enhances employer branding and employee advocacy,
showcasing company culture and values, while employees act as brand ambassadors by
sharing company news and insights.

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