Volume-4, March, April-2007

Electrical Engineers Interactive Society

(A CONGRESS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS)
Earlier Known as TEIC (TECHNO ELECTRICAL INTERACTIVE CLUB)
 Electrical Engineers Interactive Society
(A CONGRESS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS)

President Our Advisors:-

Dr. P.K.Modi Er. P. N. Babu, Retd. CE, HPS, Burla.
General Secretary Er B. N. Supakar, Retd CE, OSEB, Orissa
Er. P.K.Pattanaik Dr ( Prof.) P.K.Dhir, Retd Professor, UCE,
Joint Secretary Burla)
Er Atulya Kumar Naik Dr K.C. Singh, Principal, UCE, Burla
Treasurer Er A. B. Mohapatra, Ex-Director
Er Sananda Ratha (Operation) OHPC, BBSR
Technical Committee Members Er V.K. Jain, Director (Technical) MCL,
Dr P.K. Modi Burla
Er Nilanchal Sahu Er Banamali Mishra, Sr. GM HPS, Burla
Er S.K.Ojha Er D.D.Sharma , GM, EHT( O&M) Circle,
Er. Nilamani Pradhan (A) Burla
Er P.K.Pattanaik Er.S.K.Sekhar Director (Operation) ITPS
Executive Members Banharpali.
Er Ashes Padhi Er Rabindra Mishra , Joint President
Er S.K.Panda (Hindalco Power Hirakud)
Er H.P.Mohapatra Er S. K. Panigrahi Vice President
Er S.K.Tripathy (Technical), Bhusan Steels and Power
Er P.S Mohanty Er V.K. Baksi, Director (Technical ) Rathi
Er A.K. Barisal Udyog Ltd
Er P.K.Senapati Er. P. K. Pradhan, G.M (Comm.), WESCO,
Er Tapan Samanta Burla
About Us… From the Desk of the President…
During December-06 few Engineers
started one club called “TEIC” stands for The newsletter is gaining more and more
Techno Electrical Interactive Club, where overwhelming response from all corners of
members of the club were discussing their
technical problems with each other. The the technology. I personally thank the
basic objective of the club was to solve and members for taking valuable part in
brush up the technical problems by
interaction through technical proceedings. questioaire. The field of electrical protection
On 19th Jan-07, the name of the club has seen a marked technical changes from its
was changed to another to bring its
acceptance in greater domain and inception of electromagnetic relays. This
accordingly, resolution was passed among issue will enlighten the readers with this
the members and the name was changed to
“EEIS” stands for Electrical Engineers modern aspects.
Interactive Society. The logo and the office
bearers of the society were also selected in It is my great pleasure to inform all the
this meeting.
Every month member/members members of the society that the executive
prepares/prepare the case study/Analysis committee in its recently held meeting has
report/Information Study on any subject with
some questionnaires. The same report gets prepared a draft copy of the byelaws of the
distributed among the registered members. society. It will be finalized shortly in the next
In the next succeeding month the
discussion of the questionnaires get printed meeting. The precious suggestions, views &
with proper feedback of the members and comments are invited.
any other case study/analysis
report/information study on any other
topics/subjects. This interaction among the
members gets continued with
feedback/suggestion columns on every issue.
After few months of such technical
discussion and according to the desire of the
members, the interested members contribute
their views in a common forum, which
become highlighted by a technical
seminar/group discussion.
Editorial Column …. Authors’ Appeal….
We are extending our thanks to the Editorial
The Journey of thousand miles begins with for allowing us to share the technical article on
REF Relay. The Title “CONCEPTS ON REF
one step RELAY, WITH CASE STUDIES ON ITS
CIRCUITRY” has its own importance and can
guide the Protection and Control Engineers for
I am delighted to inform that the concept the installation and commissioning of the relay in
of this Technical interaction has been Electrical System..
accepted by a maximum number of Electrical
Engineers from different utilities and techno- We can stand to help you better with your
commercial groups. I personally welcome comments / views / analysis / arguments and
and congratulate to all these proud members remarks, regarding the write up..
of this prestigious Society (EEIS) those who
have extended their helping hands to make Furthermore we also request to share your
the objective of the Society a grand success answers for the questions related to the topic. In
in future. the next interaction other case studies for other
topics will be discussed for which your positive
This month the topic has been selected as thoughts are highly expected.
“CONCEPTS ON REF RELAY, WITH
CASE STUDIES ON ITS CIRCUITRY”.
This article has covered the detail study on
the REF Relay and backed up by suitable
drawings and illustrations, so as to guide the
protection and control Engineers for the
installation and commissioning of the relay FEEDBACK FORM
in Electrical System. 1. Comments on the Current Month Technical
Write up:-
Kindly extend your comments / views / 2. Answer to the Questionnaires of the current
analysis / arguments and remarks, if felt Month :-
necessary for the discussion in the write up, 3. Questions for the Technical Proceedings of
to refine the analysis for betterment of the next month :-
everybody. 4. Suggestions for the Publication of the next
proceedings
5. Any other Technical Problems for which you
need Solutions from the Members of EEIS.
The Journey of thousand miles begins 6. Any other Creative Suggestions
with one step. We have started the journey
and marched ahead the steps and I personally NOTE: - For filling of the points in the feedback
hope, we the members can reach the mile form, Kindly use separate sheet and express your
stone and will not leave any stone unturned views generously to make the proceeding more
on our step.
 CONCEPTS ON REF RELAY WITH CASE STUDIES ON ITS CIRCUITRY
P. K. Senapati P. K. Pattanaik
E & MR Sub-Divn, Orissa Power Transmission Corp. Ltd. , E & MR Sub-Divn, Orissa Power Transmission Corp. Ltd. ,
Burla-768018, (Orissa) Burla-768018, (Orissa)
09437210792 (Mob), 06632430514 (o), 09437209480 (Mob), 06632430514 (o), 06632431232 (R),
[email protected] [email protected]
1. INTRODUCTION : So for the case of solid ground neutral,
It is termed as “Restricted Earth Fault” relay maximum part of the winding can be protected from
and used for the protection of the equipment, like fault. But total portion of the winding can not be
transformer, alternator etc from earth fault that occurred protected in any manner. So, along with REF protection,
within a restricted zone. This zone is basically between it is always advisable to use differential protection also.
the line CT and the equipment (say transformer). The
restricted zone fault can be termed as internal fault of the 4. CONCEPT OF STABILISING RESISTOR ON
equipment. Consider the case of winding fault, for which RELAY CIRCUIT
this relay actuates. Total portion of the winding can not 4.1 Stabilizing resistor: The external resistor such
be protected from fault, by this relay. Because, the used in series with the relay coil circuit is termed as
voltage available for driving earth fault current becomes stabilizing resistor. For the restricted earth fault
small, for the fault, occurrence near the neutral point of protection scheme, usually residual current (Vector sum
the transformer. Moreover if the relay would be used for of all three phase current) and NCT secondary current,
too sensitive to the faults for 100 % Protection then, the play the important role for protection. But because of
relay operation can not be differentiated from the unequal status of CT (saturation, CTR, class burden etc),
spurious signal (harmonic signal), external faults and some times spill currents in the relay circuit may cause
switching surges. So this relay protects only a restricted indiscriminate operation. To avoid unwanted operation, a
part of the winding. Practically the setting of the relay is stabilizing resistor is connected in series with relay coil.
so used of the order with minimum availability of the
rated current. Because of this restricted protection, the 4.1.1 Setting of stabilizing resistor: The value of
relay is named as REF. this resistor should be so chosen that, under maximum
steady state through fault condition, there will be
2. CONDITIONS FOR REF PROTECTION developed insufficient voltage across the bus wires to
1. Star connection winding with neutral earthing. cause a spill current equal to the relay operating current.
2. Neutral CT of suitable ratio and burden. So for calculation of stabilizing resistor, following
3. For autotransformer, suitable matching CT ratio assumptions are to be made.
between line CT and NCT.
4. Separate core from CT secondary. ASSUMPTIONS
5. Suitable relay with suitable stabilizing resistor. i. One set of CTs is completely saturated.
6. Present trend of the use of non-linear resistor ii. The whole of primary fault current is perfectly
across the relay. transformed by the remaining CTs.
iii. The maximum loop lead burden between the
3. CONCEPT OF NEUTRAL RESISTOR FOR relay and CT is used.
PROTECTION. For one set of CT saturation, the maximum voltage
The use of resistance (Impedance) on the appears across the relay circuit is
neutral path, limits the earth fault current and changes V = {If(Rc + Rb)} / N volts
the % protection from earth fault to the winding of the Where If = Equivalent secondary pilot current of max.
transformer. Following formula can be used for fault current
determining the protected portion of the winding. N = CTR, Rc = CT internal resistance.
Rb = Maximum lead Burden.
% of winding un-protected = (R x I0 x 100)/V
Where If = Ic / N;
R= Impedance or resistance in Ohms between neutral Ic = Maximum short current rating of switch gear.
and ground. V = Max. Voltage appears across relay ckt.
*I0= Minimum operating current in primary of CT Rr = Relay impedance at setting current =
V= Line to Neutral voltage. (Burden)/(Relay setting current)2 = P/Is2
*I0= x I, where x = % setting of the relay But total relay impedance (Rs+Rr) = V / (Relay setting
I Rated primary phase current = (Rated MVA) / current) = V/Is
(√3 VL x 10-6) Hence Rs =Stabilizing resistance to be used
= (V/Is-P/Is2) ohm
(Note):- Is = REF relay setting current
P= Burden of relay.
5. CONCEPT OF NON-LINEAR RESISTOR FOR accordingly, the contacts extension terminals should
REF CIRCUIT be checked, whether working or not. Moreover the
For an internal earth fault within the protected time of operation should be within the limit of
zone, the current no longer remains balanced. The CTs mentioned values in the catalogue or manual. One of
try to feed the fault current into the high impedance REF the typical figures of testing of CAG-14 (REF) relay
relay. The voltage across the relay immediately rises has been shown below
above the operate voltage. Now for this severe condition,
most of the secondary current passes through this NLR
also called (Varistor) and helps for limitation of over
voltage in the CT circuit.

6. REQUIREMENT OF CT FOR SUCH

PROTECTION
For requirement of CT, it is necessary to know
or to have good estimation of maximum through fault
current, by considering the multi phase faults and earth
faults in the system.
Basically for directly earthed transformer, the
through fault current at an external earth fault is higher
than three phase through fault current. This fault current
is given by. b) Sensitivity check of REF Protection: It is
similar to that of secondary injection test as
*E.F current = (Un√3)/(Z1+Z2+Z0) mentioned in (a). But here REF relay is tested after
connection with the circuit, along with power
Where Un = Phase to phase voltage transformer. Testing is done with primary injection
Z1+Z2+Z0 = Total +ve, -ve and zero sequence to one of the CT being in connection as shown
impedance. below. Now the operating voltage is measured
*(A value of 15 times power transformer nominal current across the relay at the time of operation of the relay.
may sometimes be obtained.) This voltage is called the sensitivity voltage and
should be compared with value of theoretical
6.1 Points to be considered calculation. The current through relay circuit can be
1. Core design of TOROID type with low leakage measured at the time of operation.
reactance.
2. Equal current ratio and turn ratio, for all the
inter-connected CT cores.
3. Not too high secondary resistance.
4. Saturation voltage or knee-point voltage at least
twice the selected relay operate voltage.
5. Ukp or Usat ≥ 2 V
6. Since V = If (Rc + Rb) / N
7. Identical CT cores in the three phases
8. Dedicated CT cores for REF connection
9. Should have low wiring resistance up to the
summation point, where the CT circuits are
inter-connected. So, summation point should be c) Stability check of REF Protection: This check
near the HVCT secondary. is also done with circuit being in connection with the
transformer. For this check primary current is
7. TESTING OF RELAY AND ITS CIRCUIT injected to any one of the CT and allowed to return
through the NCT, as like shown in the figure. For
7.1 Testing Of Relay: correct connection and polarity of CT, in the circuit
i) Physically check: The relay should be free from the ammeter that connected will not show any
damage. Mechanical contacts, indications, terminals current. But for wrong connection or reverse
(if any) should be checked for perfect working connection of CT polarity, the current through relay
operation. The contacts (N/O, N/C) should be circuit will show double as that of the secondary
checked along with the continuity of the relay coil. reflected current of each CT. This check should be
The stabilizing resistor, NLR (if used) should be confirmed for all the phases one after another. This
measured for the value of its resistance. check is helpful for knowing the following.
ii) Electrical check :
a) Secondary injection test: From the standard i) CT ratio of the CT core used in the circuit,
secondary kit, the current should be injected to the along with the NCT.
REF coil, for different tap positions, at the terminals ii) Polarity of each CT core used.
mentioned in the respective manual. So, iii) Confirmation of correct circuit connection.
 Secondary current

H.T. side L.T side

1) B/U relays B/U relays
R (o/c) Æ Y amp. r (o/c) Æ z amp.
Y (o/c) Æ Y amp. y (o/c) Æ z amp.
B (o/c) Æ Y amp. b (o/c) Æ z amp.
E/F Æ 0 amp. E/F Æ 0 amp.
2) REF relay: - 0 amp. REF relay: - 0 amp.

8. CASE STUDIES

8.1 Problem: - Newly installed 100 MVA, 220/132 KV

Auto transformer was tripping on REF relay, for the
d) Load balancing test of the circuit with REF : fault on any of the External Feeder Sometimes REF relay
For load balancing check, usually 3 ф supply of 440 was tripping without any fault on any feeder.
V is supplied to * one side of the transformer with
8.1.1 Data : -
other side being short circuited. So, this condition
1. On the date of Commissioning the Transformer
can be stated as the load charging of transformer at
was charged and stood o.k.
440 V supply. The different circuit behaviour at the
2. After Two days the transformer tripped on REF
relay terminals can be checked. Now current
(CAG 14) relay for the E/F on one of the 220
behaviour to different relay like B/U relays,
KV feeders.
Differential relay and REF relay can also be
3. On 4th and 5th day, similar incident was
obtained. This check can be termed as the
repeated.
preliminary charging of transformer with 440V
Supply.
8.1.2 Preliminary Check up (ON LOAD)
*Note:- 3 ф supply to LT side with HT side short
100 MVA Auto transformer ( 220 KV Side)
circuited, provides considerable current for proper study
of the current flow behavior to different relay circuit.
Current on Panel Ammeter: - 130 Amp
Study with REF relay is done with following principle.
C.T.R = 300/1
1. B/U relay (Secondary) O\C relay
Important Note (CAUTION): The S.C Current
R Æ 0.45 A, Y Æ 0.44A, B Æ 0.45 A
calculation should be done for supply to LT and
shorting to HT condition and according to the value
2. E/F relay ( Secondary)
obtained, proper care should be taken with provision of
18 mA Æ? (Doubt)
fuse protection.
Theoretical S.C. Calculation: 3. REF relay
S.C. current Ish = (IFL x VA x 100) / (%ZxVN) 21 mA Æ? (Doubt)
IFL = Rated F.L. current, whose side S.C. current
is to be calculated 4. Differential relay % Basis : - 20%
= (Rated MVA x 106) / {√3 x Rated voltage
(volt)} H.T. L.T. Op. Coil
VA = Applied voltage during the test in volt 0.45 A 0.43 A 1mA
%Z = % Impedance
0.44 A 0.4 A 0.07mA
V N = Rated voltage of that side to which testing
supply given in volt 0.45 A 0.4 A 0.7mA

3 ф supply to LT side, HT side shorted. Note : - L.T side (132KV) current could not be
measured, because of the use of “ER” relay in the
Primary Currents. circuit.

R = Iamp r = x Iamp Where 8.1.3 Preliminary Check up (NO LOAD)

Y = Iam y= x Iamp I = current measured on the
primary side of HT 1. B/U relay (Secondary) O\C relay
B = Iamp b = x Iamp R Æ 5.2 mA, Y Æ 3mA, B Æ 6.4mA
N = 0 amp n= 0 amp x = Voltage HT / Voltage LT
2. E/F relay ( Secondary)
4.4 mA

3. REF relay
0 mA
8.1.4 Analysis Of Preliminary Check Up (2) E/F Æ 19 mAÆ? (Doubt)
(3) REF Æ 2.5 mA
Secondary current on E/F of 220 KV side relay = 18 mA. (4) Differential relay
So, Primary current on neutral path of 220 kv side = H.T. L.T. Op. Coil
(18mA x 300) = 5.4 Amp 0.22 A 0.25 A 0.4 mA
Now corresponding primary current on neutral path of 0.23 A 0.23 A 0.2 mA
132 kv side =5.4 x 220/132 = 9 Amp. 0.25 A 0.23 A 0.3 mA
Net current on neutral path = (9~5.4) Amp = 3.6 Amp
Secondary 132 LV side current = 9/600 = 15 mA 8.2.3 PLAN : - The circuit was planned to be
Secondary NCT current = 12mA (measured connected as described fig. No.
approximately)
Net REF current = Residual current of (220 kv ~ 132 kv) REF CIRCUIT FOR AUTO-TFR
+ Secondary NCT current = (18 – 15) + 12 mA Note: 220 KV side line CTR = NCT = 300 / 1
If (additive) = 15 mA * 220 Kv side line CTR = 300/1
If (Subtractive) = 6 mA ** 132 KV side line CTR = 300/1
As REF was measured with current of 21 mA. So doubt
was on the C.T connection polarity. 8.2.3 Current Calculation.
Suppose “y” Amp is the residual current on 220
8.1.5 Accordingly NCT terminals were reversed KV CT secondary. Then corresponding primary current
= 300 x Amp. This current will pass through neutral i.e.
1) The current measured by instruments are not neutral primary current = 300y Amp. As VA i.e. rating if
accurate and dependent on the accuracy factor of transformer on primary and secondary side being same.
measuring instruments and equipment like C.T, A.C.T i.e. VI = constant.
etc in the circuit. Iα (1/V) for transformer
2) The circuit is assumed being in the connection Neutral primary current for 132 KV side
as fig. No. = 300y (200/132) = 500y Amp
(Without physical check up of the secondary circuit). Residual secondary current = 500y/300
= 1.66666y = (5/3)y
8.1.6 Proceedings After Reversal Of NCT Terminals Net NCT secondary current = Net NCT primary current /
300 = (500y-300y)/300= (2/3)y
(A) The transformer was idle charged and current were Net residual current through REF
measured. = (Net residual 132 KV side current – Net residual 220
IDEL CHARGE KV side current) = {(5/3)y-y}=(2/3)y
REF Æ Nil (1.2 mA), E/F Æ 3.8 mA, R Æ 4.2 mA, [For direction of current flow, refer fig ]
Y Æ 2.8 mA, B Æ 5.5 mA Hence for any kind external fault due to which
the residual current only will be increased, but not the
(B) The transformer was loaded and currents were REF relay. But for internal fault, the REF will actuate.
measured * Separate core should be selected for REF only
LOADING CONDITION on 220 KV side if available, or else otherwise the back
REF Æ Nil (1.2 mA), E/F Æ 18 mA Æ? (Doubt), up core can be chosen for this practice in this case.
Over R Æ 0.45 A, Y Æ 0.45 A, B Æ 0.45 A ** Separate core, particularly (300/1) ration
must have to used on 132 KV side. This core no way
(C) Current were measured after 30 mnts of loading. should be mixed with back up or any other protection.
REF Æ 0.5 mA (10 mA range), Then shut down was taken and physically
E/FÆ 19 mA (100 mA) Æ? (Doubt) circuit was checked on the 220 KV C/R panel
RÆ 0.46 A (1 Amp range), Y Æ 0.47 A (1 Amp
range) B Æ 0.48 A (1 Amp range) 8.3 Findings On The Circuit
i)The circuit connection was like fig. No
8.2 PROBLEM
Again the same problem repeated as mentioned 8.4 Modification Of The Circuit
in the data above i.e. tripping of transformer on REF i. The differential core was separated and used
with tripping of External feeder sometimes only REF only for differential circuit only.
relay. ii. Separate core from 132 KV line CT was
changed from (600/1) to (300/1) ratio and used
8.2.1 Detail Study for REF circuit.
iii. Circuit was used as per the standard Auto
8.2.2 Preliminary check up (with load) Transformer circuit.
H.T side (220 KV) 8.4.1 Final Conclusion
Current on ammeter: 78 Amp After modification of the circuit, the transformer was
C.T.R: 300/1 charged and stood O.K. The problems as described
(1) B/U secondary current: above were solved and the transformer did not trip
R Æ0.24, YÆ 0.24 A, BÆ 0.24 A further for the external fault on any feeder.
 QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION FOR
THE NEXT INTERACTION
( IN THE MONTH MAY-2007)
Q1. What is the fundamental difference between E/F and
REF Relay
Q2. Why REF protection is not considered as 100%
protection to the equipment winding?
Q3 Should the concept of using REF protection to the
Transformer winding and Generator winding be same. If
not explain?
Q4. Which protection is better, either REF protection or
Differential protection for Transformer.
Q5. Should REF protection be effective for transformer
with impedance grounding?
Q6. Can REF protection be provided for the transformer
with delta winding?
Q7. Can performance of REF relay be reduced if its
residual current circuit is obtained in series with E/F
relay in the scheme
Q8. What is the usual standard and rating of electrical
equipment above which REF relay must be provided as
one of the protection scheme?
Q9. Why REF relay is grouped under high impedance
Relay.?
ANSWER TO THE QUESTIONNAIRES RELATED For the case of unloaded Tertiary winding, the
TO THE PROCEEDING two open delta terminals are taken out in the form of two
“STUDY ON TERTIARY WINDING IN POWER bushings. For protection of these windings these two
TRANSFORMER WITH CASE STUDY ON THE windings are shorted and directly connected to the solid
FAULT DUE TO THIS WINDING.” earth. But for some cases with unloaded Tertiary
(From Previous Issue) winding, three terminals are internally shorted and
earthed to the body of transformer
Q1). Why the name of this winding has been kept as Q4.)How the differential protection is provided by the
Tertiary Winding? consideration with other regular windings in the
Ans. In usual practice every transformer is terminated as system?
2 sides with nomenclature of Input Supply as primary Ans. For the consideration of tertiary winding to the
side and output supply as secondary side. The windings Differential circuit, the current contribution to the
are accordingly called Primary Winding and secondary secondary circuit from the CTs used in the system to be
winding also. But excluding to these windings the extra taken into account. Here the Differential relays should
third winding is also provided in the transformer. have the facility to accommodate currents from Primary,
Because first two windings are terminated primary and Secondary and Tertiary windings. Under healthy
secondary so this extra winding is called Tertiary condition the current through the operating coils should
winding be zero but for the case of fault on any one of the
winding the unbalance value of current should be able to
Q2). Why the rating of this winding (MVA) is lass than actuate the relay to issue the trip signal for the
that of the regular (HT, LT) winding? transformer.
Ans. Rating of the winding in transformer depends upon
the voltage rating of the winding and current capacity of Example-
the winding under loading condition. The primary and 500kV / 138kV / 13.45kV, 120MVA / 90MVA /
secondary windings are considered as the main windings 30MVA star/star/delta transformer.
of the transformer. So the current rating of these
windings is accordingly designed to cater maximum CT ratio: 200/5; 500/5; 400/5 on primary, secondary and
rating of the transformer. But the tertiary winding is the tertiary respectively
auxiliary winding distinctly separated from both the Load current on 500kV side = 138.6A
primary and secondary windings, used mainly either for Load current on 138kV side = 376.5A
protection purpose or for auxiliary loading to the system. Load current on 13.45kV side = 1288A
Main purpose of this winding is not to cater the actual Current at 138kV corresponding to 120MVA is 502A
load to the system. Because of these specific reasons, the Current at 13.45kV corresponding to 120MVA is 1551A
rating of this winding is designed with less MVA as Secondary current from 500kV line side corresponding
compared to the regular windings. Moreover higher to 120MVA is 3.46A
current rating windings need extra insulation, cooling Therefore ratio star/delta interposing CT for the primary
system and also costly in comparison to the present trend side is 3.46/5/√3 = 3.46/2.89A
on Delta winding. So considering the above factors the Similarly the ratio of star/delta interposing CT on
rating is chosen less in comparison to the regular secondary side is 6.28/5/√3 = 6.28/2.89A
windings. . Ratio of star/star interposing CT on the tertiary side is
17.17/5A.
Q3) Suggest the methods of protections to be provided
for Tertiary winding? Q5) Why Tertiary winding is kept near to the core of
Ans. From the loading consideration, the Tertiary the transformer?
winding is categorized as 1.Loading Tertiary Winding Ans . The objective of using the tertiary winding in
2.Unload Tertiary Winding. transformer have already been discussed in detail ( Feb-
Loading Tertiary Winding provides external terminals in 07 Issue).The purpose of using the same near to the core
the form of three terminal bushings for availing the loads has the following advantages
to the auxiliary transformers/ station transformers. These .1.Tertiary winding is either of medium or low rated
bushings when loaded to the external circuit need to be voltage winding in the transformer. Now the insulation
protected from external faults. So the normal O/C,E/F required for this winding in comparison to the main
relays along with differential protection is to be provided winding is less. So more space is not demanded for the
in the system. But when this type of Loading Tertiary is accommodation of this insulation in the transformer. To
not loaded then it is called Floating Tertiary winding. If economize the design of transformer, the Tertiary
this Tertiary winding is planned to be kept in floating winding is kept near to the core.
condition, then it should be connected with LA of rating 2. During working condition, according to t5he type of
(Phase Voltage Of winding x √2 x 0.9 /√3) as the core used in the transformer, the excitation current is
protection to the electro static effect on the tertiary developed. The magnitude of this excitation current,
winding. Sometimes instead of using LA in the system particularly the effect of third harmonic excitation
any one of the external terminal can be connected current causes voltage unbalance, heating effect etc on
directly to the solid earth. the external load circuit.
But due to use of tertiary winding near the core,
the short circuit third harmonic current or exciting third meet the objectives of the tertiary windings as discussed
harmonic current doesn’t affect to the external load earlier.
circuit or even to the transformer. The closed path Basically the broken Delta points are taken out
circulation is resulted on the closed Delta tertiary in the form of 2 bushings and made available on the top
winding. of the transformer.
These terminals are being connected together, solidly
Q6 ) Why Tertiary winding is Delta connected? earthed to avoid the problems due to electro static
Ans. The objective of using the tertiary winding in effects. Sometimes these terminals are kept inside the
transformer has already been discussed in detail (Feb-07 transformer and directly connected to the body.
Issue). From the objectives it is seen that for transformer
different currents like Third Harmonic Short Circuit Q10) What is the type of tertiary winding physically
Current, Exciting Current, Unbalance Current etc are used for the power Transformers?
developed in the transformer. These currents operate to Ans. As already discussed that tertiary windings are of
increase the stress on the transformer insulation. But two types [loading and unloaded tertiary]. On technical
because of Delta connected Tertiary winding, the effects ground it is advisable the followings regarding the use of
of the above currents substantially get eliminated due to tertiary windings.
circulation of the same internally. 1.Note: - Central Board of Irrigation and Power (CBIP)
and Standardization and Optimization Sub-Committee
Q7) Can REF Protection be provided for this winding? (SOSC) under Development Council for Heavy
Ans. For REF protection it is needed to bring the Electrical Industry constituted by Government of India
currents from line CTS and Neutral CT. The residual have recommended that the delta connected stabilized
current is brought from the vector sum of current from windings should be eliminated up to transformer of
line CTS and neutral current is brought from NCT.But rating 50MVA.
for delta connected Tertiary winding the neutral terminal 2.For the power transformer of rating above 50 MVA,
in not made available in practice. So REF protection is the tertiary winding should be used. If possible the
usually not provided for tertiary windings. loading tertiary windings should be provided to avoid
the unbalance current, third harmonic effects in the
Q8) Why this winding is also called stabilized winding? load.
Ans. The salient features for the use of Tertiary winding
in the Power Transformers have already been discussed
in the Feb-07 issue. The following concepts have been
DIFFERENT QUESTIONS ASKED BY THE
explained also for declaring this winding as stabilized MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY
winding.
Concepts on Q1. Why Loads are not connected during Boost Charge
1. Reduction in Third Harmonic Contents of the output Condition of a battery Charger?
voltage Q2.Why Tap Cell is connected in Boost Charge Mode
2. Reduction in zero Sequence phase impendence of the but not in Float Charge mode?
transformer. Q3.Why Wave Trap is connected in Rph and Bph but
3. Permits to cause internal circulation of third harmonic not in Yph
exciting current. Q4.Why CTS are connected between Bus Coupler
4. Restricts the transformer of unbalance three phase breaker and Transfer Bus Isolator?
loads Q5.We know that Voltage is directly proportional to
All the above concepts are related to develop a smooth frequency, but sometimes voltage decreases but not the
and balanced loading pattern to the transform. as tertiary frequencies why?
winding helps to stabilize the above effect ,so it is also
called “STABILISED WINDING” Er.P.K.Panigrahi [132/33 KV Salipur Grid S/S
MobNo-9853351091]
Q9) What is the difference between Loading Tertiary Answer to Q1: - During the Boost charge condition “
and Unloaded Tertiary? Non-connection of the load “ to the battery system is a
Ans. Loading Tertiary is designed properly with the mis-concept. Actually during Boost Charge condition,
declaration of its rated voltage, rated F.L. Current and the blocking Diode and necessary DC Contactor being in
rated MVA to the system. This type of tertiary winding action, supplies the battery voltage to the load terminals
contains three external terminals for loading of the from the Tap Cell Connection. [For other details refer
auxiliary systems like station auxiliaries, other small Jan-07 issue for Boost Charge mode explanation].
loads etc.
Practically in the form of three distinct Answer to Q2 Refer Jan-07 issue for Boost Charge
bushings, terminals are taken out for loading of the Mode explanation
windings. The necessary protection are also provided to
this type of winding [as already discussed in Qno.3] Answer to Q3 .Two types of line couplings are generally
The unloaded tertiary winding is not required to used for carrier communication purposes.
be designed strongly on the consideration of MVA rating 1.Line to Ground Coupling
or loading pattern of the system. This winding is kept to 2.Line-to-Line Coupling
For Line to Ground Coupling, any one of the phase to this protection system
conductors can be used with wave trap and coupling Note:- General practice the voltage range is 110V/√3 as
capacitor on it. Preferably either Rph or Bph line the standard .Availability of 110V is the special case as
conductor is used for this purpose. described above .
When the transmission line is long, Line-to-
Line Coupling is used so as to reduce the carrier energy Answer to Q7:- The Power Factor term is completely
loss .for this case breakage of any line conductor will not associated with the kind of load to the network.
affect the communication or relaying channel where as in According to the types of loads [resistive, inductive,
the case of Line to Ground Coupling it is affected. For capacitive etc] the current from the system voltage
this practice as on standard preference extreme phase varies, either becomes in phase, lagging or leading to the
conductors are chosen for the coupling units. There is no supply voltage .So the question asked leads to some
any specific reason for using the wave traps in Rph and misconceptions regarding the supply source. Voltage that
Bph but for convenience and to avoid communication supplied is usually taken as the reference and current
interference external phases are taken into practice. changes its direction according to the type of load.

Answer to Q4 ;- .The involvement of Bus Coupler Q8.How ‘WTI’ indicates the temperature and what is
breaker comes into circuit for the case of coupling the its principle?
two buses in the network. These two buses in the Q9.What is the working principle of Induction
network may be main bus and transfer bus or Bus-1 and Furnace?
Bus-2.When it is established for the case of main bus and Q10.What are the classes of CTs and how they are
transfer bus the following explanation holds good. classified?
The Bus Coupler breaker comes into action Q11.what is relay coordination and why it is required?
either to provide parallel path to the system or separate
individual path to maintain the faulty breaker in the Er.Ambuj kant & Er. Sunil S.Mathew [ Bhusan Steels
network. During the current flow through the Bus And Power Ltd, Jharsuguda] Mobile No-94375 58955
Coupler breaker circuit, the positioning of the CTs
should be available towards the load side, due to the Answer to Q8:- WTI stands for Winding Temperature
energisation of CTS at the near end of load. So the CTs Indicator and generally used in electrical device to
are connected between Bus coupler Breaker and Transfer measure the temperature of the winding .The principal
Bus Isolator. But it may be noted here that the placement element of WTI contains 1.A Heater Coil 2.measuring
of CTs can be done also in between Bus Coupler breaker Bellow and 3. Adjustable shunt resistor.
and main isolator if it is found convenient in the network. The heater coil is fitted around the measuring
bellow and supplied from the winding CT secondary
Answer to Q5: . The voltage as asked might be the circuit these coil simulates Hot Spot Temperature of the
terminal voltage which changes due to different reasons winding over the top Oil temperature due to current from
like variation of load current, Electrical actions like cross the winding CT. The measuring bellow reacts to the
and demagnetization effect etc. But the actual EMF simulated temperature and top oil temperature measured
[Electro Magnetic Force] that generated by the by the probe connected to thermal pocket. So the
generator/alternator depends upon the frequency. The combined temperature becomes indicative by the
change of EMF is directly proportional to the frequency indicator
not the Terminal Voltage available at the load ends. During the normal condition if the transformer
is not energized to the supply system then the reading of
Q6.Why PT of different rating is used WTI and OTI becomes same .So it is understood that the
[110V /√3 and 110V] principle of thermal indicator are same, but for WTI case
Q7.If the Power Factor is leading then what will winding CT plays the role for rise of temperature above
happen i.e. what is its effect on the load (if Unity then oil temperature
what is its effect) .
Answer to Q9:- The answer is maximum related to
Er.R.P.Sahoo [220/132/33 KV Grid S/S mechanical section than the Electrical section .kindly
Katapali,OPTCL,] Mobile No-98612 50298 cooperate and bear with us for no answering this
question.
Answer to Q6; -. The rating of the PT on secondary side
depends upon the connection practice of the same on Answer to Q10:- .CTs are classified in different
primary side. Usually Primary side is connected between categories but for electrical circuit purpose CT can be
line conductor and earth terminal .So the primary side of classified of the following three types.
such PT is declared as the magnitude of [Line 1. Metering class 2. Protection class 3. Special purpose
Voltage/√3]. Now the secondary voltage is accordingly protection class
considered for the standard practice of 110V /√3.But for
some special purpose like the sensitive Ground Fault 1.Metering class- Metering core accuracy class is
Protection [Directional], the broken delta secondary usually mentioned as [0.1,0.2,0.5,1,3,5,0.2s, 0.5s]
voltage is required to be availed from the PT Lower the limit of error causes more accuracy and vice-
secondaries. Sometimes it is needed to avail 110V supply versa.
2.Protection Class- Protection Class of accuracy is with direction, because of phase angle difference among
generally expressed as [5P, 10P, 15P etc]. The them. So these meters provide either direction of display
expression is always followed by ALF (Accuracy Limit reading.
Factor) and expressed as 5P10, 10P20 etc But for ammeter and voltmeter, only the single
5P10: - Stands for the accuracy class with 5% composite parameter either voltage element or current element is
Error for 10 times Primary current in CT. used to measure the reading of the instruments. So the
3. Special purpose protection class:- Such type of CT direction factor does not come into picture and display
core is best suitable for the relaying circuit to the balance becomes unidirectional.
protection schemes like differential circuit, distance
relays etc.. The Knee Point Voltage( Kn) excitation Answer to Q15:- For a particular reference between
current and secondary resistance play the important role pneumatic and spring, it can not be judged regarding the
to decide the performance of the CT performance of the breaker mechanism. Pneumatic
Answer to Q11:- The gradation of the Relays in the system has its own advantages like simplicity in
network and settings of the Relays according to the Short operation and less mechanical stiffness of the operating
Circuit fault MVA on the system is called Relay Co- system. But the major disadvantages are its leakage in
Ordination the system and maintenance to avoid corrosion to the
The purpose of the relay Co-Ordination is to develop operating system.
a systematic tripping action of the necessary and Spring mechanism is gaining popularity now-a-days,
associated relays on the network during the time of fault. due to its performance activities towards operation of
If the relays are properly co-coordinated the faulty breaker mechanism. More over the leakage and corrosion
lines/equipments get isolated due to in time operation due to air contamination to the operating mechanism is
active relays. completely absent. So the breaker with spring
mechanism is better in comparison to the pneumatic
Q12. What is the necessity of VAR in the electrical mechanism.
system, mainly in transmission system?
Q13.What is the measuring accuracy class ( Cl 0.2,0.5 Q. 16: In which frequency we should stop for recording
etc..) for the measuring devices? the power consumption in energy meters
Q14. Why “MW Meter” shows both +ve and –Ve Q17.In case of 3ph, 4wire system, and the neutral is
reading ( i.e. Export and Import) while current disconnected. Why the meter showing the value above
(Ammeter) only shows one side reading? 350volts in 2 phases?
Q15 Which type of Breaker mechanism is better Q18.What is the behaviour of CT and PT if core is
“Pneumatic’, “Spring” or Both and Why? saturated and in which condition saturation will occur?
Q19.In, which condition the phase angle, changes from
Er. NirbiShankar Sahoo [220/132/33 KV Grid S/S its normal value of supply voltage?
B.Padar,OPTCL,] Mobile No-98612 70781
Er.Tapan samant & Pradip Ku
Answer to Q12:- .VAR in system plays the role for Samal[MRT,Wesco,Burla] Mobile No-9938560206
control of voltage levels. Particularly in transmission line
the VAR generated or absorbed in the system adjusts the Answer to Q16:- .There is no any particular standard for
voltage level. the energy meter beyond which we should stop recording
If there is a deficiency of reactive power voltage the power consumption the meter. However fundamental
levels will fall. Conversely if there is an excess of frequency of 50HZ is taken as the standard for energy
reactive power voltage levels will rise. Therefore the measurement.
voltage level in a power system is carried out by Sometimes due to the presence of harmonics the
controlling the generation, the absorption, and the flow frequency of the system becomes other than the normal
of reactive Volt Ampere (VARs) in the system. value. For detail IS 14697:1999 and IS 13779:1993 may
be referred as the standard.
Answer to Q13:- Every measuring device in electrical
system if connected in the secondary side of the Answer to Q17:- .For 3ph,4wire system neutral is
instrument transformers then the accuracy of these considered as the reference terminal and voltages are
devices depends upon the sensitivity of the instruments. accordingly displaced with each other by the balance
Every device is declared with its accuracy class (0.2,0.5 magnitude of phase displacement 1200.The voltages in
etc). The accuracy class gives an idea regarding the limit the meter taking the neutral point as the reference
of error of the instrument. The lower the accuracy class accordingly are displayed. Now for the disconnection of
the limit of error is less and accuracy is more. The neutral point to the system, the reference point is
following table is provided for reference. different. But for particular case of reverse connection of
any one of the voltage coil internally will result the
Answer to Q1 4:- “.MW Meter”, MVAR Meter, Energy voltage of magnitude √3 times as that of reference, as
meters etc work on the principle of directional relay. like asked in the question.
These instruments need current coils and voltage coils in
action to cause the power reading in display.
Involvement of current and voltage coils are associated
Explanation:- for some time (without any load). If the reverse reactive
Vector diagram with neutral in connection to the system power detection relay is not in the system, what should
and earthed causes the voltage in regular sequence. be the effect on the alternator during the above
Though ‘YPH’ coil is reversly connected still due to mentioned condition?
earth reference the open end potential becomes in regular
sequence. Er.Santanu Dash. OCL, RAJGANGPUR
VR=V ang 00 , Vy=V ang -120, VB=V ang 1200 , 9437226095(Mobile)
Answer to Q20:- For HT cable termination work
B

VN=0 as shown in figure A.

But for figure B due to disconnection of earth ( Neutral ,particularly from 11KV HT switchboard to Transformer
point) the voltage vector of Yph takes the actual reverse HT terminal needs to be attended with end jointing kits.
direction .So The heating effect of cable conductor depends upon the
VR=V ang 00 , Vy=V ang(-120+180)=Vang 600, VB=V current flow in the cable and oxygen contamination at
the jointing points of the cable .Due to any looseness if
B

ang 1200
Now VN=VR+ Vy+ VB = V ang 00 + Vang 600+ V ang joints spark ,then oxygen /atmospheric contamination to
it enhances this sparking. Moreover air pocket /void etc
B

120 0= 2V ang 60
VRN = VR - VN = V ang 00 - 2V ang 60 =√3V ang -90 also becomes responsible for rupture of the cable. Plain
VYN = Vy - VN = V ang 60 - 2V ang 60 = -V ang 600 = V brass cable glands cannot provide proper tightness
ang -120 0 among the strands of the cable conductor so end points
VBN = VB - VN = V ang 120 0 - 2Vang 600 = V(-1.5 – need to be moulded by jointing kit with proper skirts
j0.866) = -√3V ang 300 = √3V ang -1500 over it.
So when any one phase reverses and neutral is Earthing of the shield for HT cable at both end
disconnected then any two of the phases will show points are always advisable if the earth terminals are
proper and reduced with least resistance as possible. But
voltage of magnitude √3V = 350 to 400volt as explained
the case of abnormality in earth resistance or earthing
in detail vector diagram.
points, due to electrostatic potential difference, certain
leakage current starts to flow through the sheath and
causes burning of the shielding material.
So for such condition it is advisable to earth at one
terminal of earth proper resistance for single earth
terminal the circulation current does not occur.

Answer to Q21:- .For detail calculation of Fault MVA,

data are required and value differs from equipment to
equipment.

Answer to Q22:- Kindly provide the detail of the relay,

that detects reverse Reactive Power. In usual practice
Active Reverse Power relays are generally used for the
alternators.

Q. 23Why there are both 90% and 100 % E/F

Answer to Q18:- . Refer Dec-06 issue and answer of Protection in Generator?
Jan-07 issue.
Er Rajib Raut ( Hindalco Power Ltd, Hirakud) Mob-
Answer to Q19:- For balanced supply system the phase 9861182521
angle differs by 1200 in sequence. For unbalance winding Answer to Q22:- It is a normal practice to provide
of the alternator and due to neutral shifting etc the phase voltage operated relays for stator E/F protection. The
angle of supply voltage changes and becomes other than development of Zero sequence voltage for the case E/F
1200 with each other. in the stator is monitored by the relay and accordingly
operates with inverse voltage time characteristics curve.
Q20.why at the Ht cables End points moulded/End The concept of 90% and 100% in the relay is clearly
jointing kits such as Heat Sink Type/push on Type are based on the basis of driving voltage generation during
used in place of plain brass cable glands ( from 11 KV the time of fault occurrence. The fault voltage consists of
HT switch Board to Transformer HT Terminals) and is components with fundamental frequency and 3rd
it advisable to ground the HT cable Earthing shield at harmonic frequency. The effect of the residual voltage
both the end points or not. If not what should be the with fundamental frequency becomes prominent for the
reason and what are the effects. fault above 10-20% of the winding fault. So this 10-20 %
Q21. What should be the fault current if there is a dead of winding protection does not cover under the normal
Ph-Earth short circuit at the motor terminals during principle of residual voltage. So the most effective way
starting and during the running? to cover this zone, the use of 3rd harmonic ( Zero
Q22. The Alternator tripped in Reactive power, if we sequence) line –to –neutral voltage is monitored by the
synchronise and charge the line bus and not loading it relay.
 EXISTING MEMBERS OF EEIS AS ON 17 50 Er Aswini Mohapatra
1/4/2007 18 51 Er Ranjan Pal
19 52 Er S.S.Patra
SL Total NAME PH. NO IB THERMAL, B.PALI
ACTION ISPAT LTD, JSG 1 53 Er.A.S.Das 9937474828
1 1 Er B.K.Birtia 9437577236 2 54 Er.B.B.Pati 06645222537
( Key Engineer) 3 55 Er B.K.Jena 9437346387
BHUSAN LTD, JSG 4 56 Er.Biswajit Das 9437050448
1 2 Er A.K.Sachdeva 9437059668 5 57 Er.C.M.Parida 9437346347
2 3 Er .Alok Sahoo 9437198724 6 58 Er.J.K.Tripathy 9437256563
3 4 Er Arun K Sukla 9437540624 (Key Engineer)
4 5 Er Asif Iqbal 9861089006 7 59 Er.K.C.Samantray 9437880955
5 6 Er Manas Seth 9337301766 8 60 Er.P.K.Mohapatra 9437059840
6 7 Er R.K.Pattanaik 9238571009 9 61 Er.P.K.Satpathy 9937617682
7 8 Er.Rajiv Tadaiya 9437057928 10 62 Er.Rajiv Tripathy 9938120440
8 9 Er Ranjan Das 9437067362 11 63 Er. S.K.Chand 9437253748
9 10 Er S.K.Padhee 9437065938 12 64 Er.S.S.Dey 9437175958
10 11 Er.S.Moharana 9437542004 13 65 Er Deepak Pattanaik
11 12 Er. S.K.Ojha 9437058955 14 66 Er D.N.Guru
(Key Engineer) 15 67 Er N.Jena
12 13 Er. Sandeep Mishra 9437065961 16 68 Er Binod Sahu
13 14 Er. Shiv Singh 9437347236 17 69 Er. S.C.Tripathy
14 15 Er. Suvendu Das 9437124534 OCL, RAJGANGPUR
15 16 Er. Sunil S.Mathew 9437558955 1 70 Er.Jagannath 9437578614
16 17 Er S. Saraswat Mahakuda
17 18 Er A. Kant 2 71 Er.M. Mohapatra 9861236300
18 19 Er. S.Giri 3 72 Er. S.K.Badi 9437001336
19 20 Abinash Patel 4 73 Er S.K.mahanta 9437001335
20 21 S. Chouhan 5 74 Er. S.P.Gadei 9437578603
21 22 Er. S. Das 6 75 Er S.R.Routray 9437030972
22 23 Er S. Pandey 7 76 Er Santanu Dash 9437226095
23 24 Er M.K.Sahoo (Key Engineer)
24 25 Er Nishant 8 77 Er.V.K.Choubey 9437248319
25 26 Er R.K. Ray 9 78 Er. M.R.Sahu
26 27 Er Tapan.Raut 10 79 Er Ranjan k. Padhi 9937937996
27 28 Er. Lenin Nayak OHPC, BURLA
28 29 Er Santosh Sahu 1 80 Er.Amiya Ku ohanty 9937105069
29 30 Er R.N,Singh 2 81 Er. AshishK.Mohanty 9437117313
30 31 Er P.K.behera 3 82 Er.Atulya Ku. Nayak 9437257859
31 32 Er Subrat Behera 4 83 Er.Banamali Mishra 9437051197
32 33 Er. Sandeep Naik 5 84 Er.Bikash CH. Das 9437258282
HINDALCO, HIRAKUD 6 85 Er. G.Srinivas 9437738846
1 34 Er. Anshu Babu 9861181186 7 86 Er.H.P.Mohapatra 9861164943
2 35 Er. Arvind Moharana 9937931992 8 87 Er.Laxmidhar Behera 9437258319
3 36 Er.Asish Padhi 9437063788 9 88 Er.N.Pradhan ‘A’ 9437344779
(Key Engineer) 10 89 Er.N.Pradhan ‘B” 9861032598
4 37 Er.D.Dingal 11 90 Er.S.K.Tripathy 9437253643
5 38 Er. Firoj Meher 12 91 Er.Sananda Rath 9437198858
6 39 Er.G.D.Ratha 9437347224 13 92 Er. S.K.Dutta 9437570629
7 40 Er.Girija Panda 9437198333 14 93 Er.S.K.Panda 9437175415
8 41 Er.Himanshu Das 9437352942 (Key Engineer)
9 42 Er.Kailash Pradhan 9937100170 15 94 Er.S.K.Mohapatra 9437135909
10 43 Er.MadhusmitaSahoo 9437220175 16 95 Er. T.K.Das 9437300303
11 44 Er.N.C.Mohapatra 9437579516 17 96 Er (Miss)B.Tirkey 9437881666
12 45 Er.Rajiv Rout 9861182521 18 97 Er S.sethy 9937514760
13 46 Er.Ramesh Patra 19 98 Er M.R. Mohapatra 9437630760
14 47 Er.Samir Kar 9437149276 20 99 Er(miss) S.senapati 9238308684
15 48 Er.Sanjay Jena 9937102809 21 100 Er(miss)S.Moharana 9861336819
16 49 Er. S.C.Das 9437579509 22 101 Er. S.K.khuntia 9437343014
23 102 Er P.S Mohanty 9437175435 35 157 Er S.K.Jena 9861142899
24 103 Er. A. Mudali 9861324379 36 158 Er S.K.Patel 9437115584
25 104 Er Anant Meher 9437540211 37 159 Er S.K.Pradhan 9937952775
38 160 Er S.C.Jena 9861148853
26 105 Er. Debashis Mishra 9937470017
39 161 Er S.C.Nayak 9437119854
27 106 Er Ganesh Mohapatra 9437258346
40 162 Er S.P.Nayak 9437403022
28 107 Er M.K.Pattanaik 9437203830
41 163 Er(miss)M.Biswal 9437058624
OHPC, BURLA 42 164 Er S.C mallik 9937695241
1 108 Er.A. Dungdung 2460614 43 165 Er.A.Udgata 9937486274
2 109 Er.C.M. Sethi 9437420386 44 166 Er. U.K.Samal 9437575449
(Key Engineer) 45 167 Er.A.Mantri 9437707749
3 110 Er.N.C.Behera 9437881230 46 168 Er.N.Panda 9937898570
4 111 Er S.C Soren 9437345019 47 169 Er. E.Parmanik
5 112 Er. S.P.Panda 9437220147 OPTCL, ROURKELA ZONE
6 113 Er. T.D.Naik 9437550285
1 170 Er A.K.Naik 9437172094
7 114 Er(miss) S.Khandual 9853248460 2 171 Er A.K.Nath 9437351739
8 115 Er(miss) S.Patel 9938468969 3 172 Er A.C.Meher 9861335776
9 116 Er S. Mahanta 9437239402 4 173 Er B.Behera 9437248365
10 117 Er S.K. sethy 9437559687 5 174 Er B.R.Mohanty 9437115841
11 118 Er. S.N Patel 9437808056 6 175 Er C.L.Pani 9937325405
12 119 Er.D.Meher 9437780958 7 176 Er.D.K.Dash 9937107687
13 120 Er N.k.Sahu 9437540240 8 177 Er.D.S.Pradhan 9861108071
14 121 Er P.K.Mohapatra 9338581164 10 178 Er.L.K.Mishra 9437046132
15 122 Er Biswajit Nayak 9437106703 11 179 Er.L.K.Lamhay
16 123 Er A.K.Das 9861069446 12 180 Er.P.K.Patel 9437103676
OPTCL, BURLA ZONE 13 181 Er.P.K.Swain 9437085431
1 124 Er.A.K.Murmu 9437364045 14 182 Er P.C.Tripathy 9437499859
2 125 Er A.K.Sharma 9937330168 (Key Engineer)
3 126 Er B.Pradhan 9861141172 15 183 Er. S.Patra 9437225507
4 127 Er.B.K.Sahoo 9861462015 16 184 Er.S.Pattanaik 9937046624
5 128 Er.B. Minz 9861175656 17 185 Er.S.Sengupta 9861099025
6 129 Er.D.C.Sahoo 9437293389 18 186 Er S.K.Mohanty 9437246669
7 130 Er.D.D.Sharma 9437567564 19 187 Er.S.K.Tripathy 06612476636
8 131 Er H.H.Mishra 20 188 Er.S.N.saha 06612609338
9 132 Er J.Pati 21 189 Er.Sunita Kiro 9437394706
10 133 Er K.P.Mishra 22 190 Er R.C Pradhan 9437574469
11 134 Er Mamta Pradhan 9437126355 23 191 ErRao 9937384494
12 135 Er. Manoj Ku Das 9437188969 24 192 Er Rao ( Chhend) 06612664277
13 136 Er.N.Behera 9937117146 25 193 Er.L.K.Mohanty 9861096174
14 137 Er. Nepal Sahoo 9437806217 26 194 Er L.R.Kerketa
15 138 Er. Nilanchal Sahu 9437563937 SHYAM, DRI,JSG
16 139 Er. N.S Sahu 9861270781
17 140 Er.P.Amat 9937121338
1 195 Er. B.k. Mandal 9437579027
18 141 Er P.B.Pradhan 9437253373
2 196 Er.D.B.Das 9937450377
(Key Engineer) (Key Engineer)
19 142 Er P.K.Bag 9437201230 3 197 Er J.Kathel 9861378365
20 143 Er P.K.Bhuyan 9937329699 4 198 Er. L.K.Jena 9937758256
21 144 Er P.K.Nayak 9937118989 5 199 Er.Pankaj Nayak
22 145 ErP.K.Panigrahi 06632430044
6 200 Er R.R.Mohapatra
23 146 ErP.K.Pattanaik 9437209480 06856230373
7 201 Er S.K.Sasmal
(Key Engineer) 8 Er S.K. Singh 9937549659
202
24 147 Er P.K.Senapati 9437210792
9 203 ErS.Samal 03322174194
25 148 Er R. Sutar 9437085395
10 204 Er.T.K.Siol
26 149 Er R.K.Beriha 9437056209
27 150 Er R.K.Patel 9437488176 UCE,BURLA
29 151 Er R.P.Sahoo 9861250298
30 152 Er.S.Ekka 9937494172 1 205 Er.Ajit Barisal 9861128915
31 153 Er S.Dixit 9937113256 2 206 Er.Banaja Mohanty 9437152730
32 154 Er S.Lakra 9861017308 3 207 Er.Basant Rana 06632432706
33 155 Er S.Pradhan 06645278366 4 208 Dr B.B.Pati 9437420409
34 156 Er S.K.Banchhor 9937477727
(Key Engineer)
5 209 Er D.K.Biswal 9861058059 WESCO-CORPORATE-BURLA
6 210 Er.Manish Tripathy 9861041031 1 261 Er.P.K.Pradhan 9437051175
7 211 Dr.Manohar Panda 06632430852 (Key Engineer)
8 212 Dr.P.K.Hota 9861056890 2 262 Er.S.Nayak 9437057961
9 213 Dr.P.K.Modi 9861065001 3 263 Er.J.K.Panigrahi 9437057159
10 214 Dr.S.Behera 4 264 Er. R.G.Sarangi 9437057089
11 215 Dr.S.K.Sanyal 9437051368 5 265 Er. K.S.N.Rao 9437057364
12 216 Er.Santi Behera 9861338110 6 266 Er. S.Patel 9437057138
WESCO-BARGARH 7 267 Er B.M.Mishra 9437057064
1 217 Er Abinash Rath 9437104925 8 268 Er. G.Mohanty 9437057387
2 218 Er B.K.Mohanty 9861356459 9 269 Er. S.Hota 9437057104
3 219 Er B.K.Ratha 9437207030 10 270 Er. K.Nanda 9861091300
4 220 Er.D.Ojha 9437057997 11 271 Er. Tapan Samant 9861233035
5 221 Er.G.K.D.Gupta 9861229708 12 272 Er(miss) D.Pramila 9861164718
6 222 Er.P.K.Ratha 06646246401 13 273 Er. J.Jena 9861031643
7 223 Er.S.K.Gouda 9437135016 14 274 Er Manash Dash 9937904797
8 224 Er.S.K.Seth 9437254486 15 275 Er. A.K.Moharana 9937904797
9 225 Er.Subodha Dash 9437226790 16 276 Er. P.K.Samal 06633296614
10 226 Er D.Dixit 17 277 Er. S.Das 9861106360
11 227 Er D.K.Sahoo 18 278 Er. S.Patel 9937904797
19 279 Er. A.K.Patjoshi 9437058828
MCL-BURLA
NALCO-ANGUL
1 228 Er D.P.Gour 9437346985
(Key Engineer)
1 280 Er. B.B. Nayak 9437021118
(Key Engineer)
2 229 ErR.B.Choudhary 9437807034
2 281 Er L.K.Swain 9437034516
3 230 Er B.P.Gupta 9437257770
4 231 ErU.Mukhopadhyay 9437064372 OHPC-BHUBANESWAR
5 232 Er S.K.Bhagat 9437685397 1. 282 Er A.B.mohaptra 06632432075
6 233 Er. K.Banarjee 9437061726 2. 283 Er. P.K.Mohanty 9437175710
(Key Engineer)
7 234 Er B.K.Panda 9861077605
8 235 ErK.N.Tripathi 9437352716 TRL-BELPAHAR
9 236 Er. A.K.Ghosh 9437576495 1. 284 Er P.P.Mohanty 9238067911
(Key Engineer)
10 237 Er.A.K.Bk 9437415854
11 238 Er S.Bose 9437540226 OPTCL-ANGUL
12 239 Er S.K.Bhuyan 9437346987 1 285 Er. P.K.Pradhan
13 240 Er S.K.Nath 9861144391 (Key Engineer)
2 286 Er(Miss) M.D.
MCL-LAKHANPUR Samantray
1 241 Er S.N Shandilya Er S.S.Nanda
3 287
2 242 Er R.P.Singh
3 243 Er S.C Sinha
OTHERS
4 244 Er S.R Chakrabarty 1 288 Er S.Mishra, HIW 9437248280
5 245 Er. J.Prakash 2 289 Er S.K.Panda,Govt 9437050505
6 246 Er. M.K.Patra 3 290 ErY.P.Sahoo, Govt 9937103862
(Key Engineer) 4 291 Er S.Acharya, Govt 9437190396
7 246 Er S.K.Dash 5 292 Er.S.P.Rajak,, PGCIL 9425572379
8 247 Er Atul Kumar 6 293 Er G.S.Parida, Aditya 9437039120
9 248 Er. B.Mahananda 7 294 Er.A.K.Patel, 9437083338
10 249 Er P.R.Mohaptra 8 295 Er(Miss) N.Patnaik 9437625125
11 250 Er D.C Panigrahi 9 296 Er(Miss) S.Satpathy
12 251 Er. B.K.Bhoi 10 297 Er(Miss) P.Soren
13 252 Er J. Bhue 11 298 Er(Miss) D.Ratha
14 253 Er C.K.Singh 12 299 Er(Miss) S.Sahu
RATHI UDYOG-LTD 13 300 Er Banambar Biswal
1 254 Er. V.K.Bakshi 9937091643 14 301 Er Piyush K.Giri
2 255 Er S.K.Pujari 9437942130 15 302 Er S.k.Panda, JSG
(Key Engineer) 16 303 ErSK.Pradhan,B.Nagar
3 256 Er.D.Mishra 9937091650
4 257 Er A. Garg 9338472175
5 258 Er.N.R.Bhdra 9937164059
6 259 Er. S.K.Panigrahi 9437352803
7 260 Er B.K.Dash 9861153890
NOTE: -
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3. All the members of this Society are also
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