AP Physics Review – Unit 2: Dynamics

A.P Physics Unit 1 Exam

Name: Total Points / 38 AP:

FINAL GRADE:
Multiple Select (12 points, suggested time 12 minuets)

1. A ball initially moves horizontally with velocity v i, as shown above. It is then struck by a stick. After
leaving the stick, the ball moves vertically with a velocity v f, which is smaller in magnitude than v i.
Which of the following vectors best represents the direction of the average force that the stick exerts
on the ball?

2. The graph below is of a block initially at rest being pulled along a frictionless, horizontal surface with
the force increasing over a period of time.

Which of the following is a description of the objects motion?

(A) The block speeds up with a constant acceleration.

(B) The block speeds up with an increasing acceleration.
(C) The block speeds up with a decreasing acceleration.
(D) The block slows down with an increasing acceleration.

3. A ball of mass m is suspended from two strings of unequal length as shown above. The magnitudes of
the tensions T1 and T2 in the strings must satisfy which of the following relations?

(A) Tl = T2
(B) T1 > T2
(C) T1 < T2
(D) Tl + T2 = mg
4. Which of the following diagram best represents the gravitational force W, the frictional force f, and the
normal force N that acts on the block shown above?

5. The graph below shows a force applied to a 5.0 kg block that is initially at rest. At about 25s the block
begins to slide.

The coefficient of kinetic friction for the sliding block is nearest to which of the following numbers?

(A) 0.02 (B) 0.09 (C) 0.20 (D) 0.90

6. A 10.0kg moves along a surface with constant velocity by a horizontal force of 10.0 N. The coefficient
of kinetic friction between the box and the floor is 0.20. The box is:

(A) slowing down.

(B) speeding up.
(C) moving with a constant speed and constant velocity.
(D) moving with a constant speed but not constant velocity.
(E) None of the above
Question 1 (14 points, suggested time 15 minuets)

A block of mass m is pulled at a constant velocity along a horizontal surface by a pulling force of F 1 at an
angle of .

a. On the dot below, draw and label the forces that act on the block m, as it moves with constant
velocity.

b. Which of the following statements are true when speaking about the magnitude of the normal
force exerted on the block by the surface.

I. Greater than the gravitational force acting on the block

II. Greater than zero, but less than the gravitational force acting on the block
III. Equal to the gravitational force acting on the block
IV. Equal to zero

Justify your answer.

c. What would happen to the magnitude of the friction force if the magnitude of the pulling force
was kept the same, but the angle of the pulling force to the horizontal was increased from 0 to
90? Justify your answer.

d. What would happen to the magnitude of the normal force if the magnitude of the pulling force
was kept the same, but the angle of the pulling force to the horizontal was increased from 0 to
90? Justify your answer.
Question 2 (14 points, suggested time: 15min)

A disk slides, across a frictionless surface at constant velocity for some amount of time in the positive
direction, then someone applies a force so that the disk comes to rest over the course of the next few
seconds.

a.
i. On the free particle below draw and label the forces acting on the disk while it was moving
with constant velocity.

ii. On the free particle below draw and label the forces acting on the disk while the person
applied the outside force.

iii. Draw a velocity versus time graph for the motion of the disk, make sure to label your
graph with any important velocities and times.
 b. Two students are discussing the motion of the disk and this is what they say;

Student A

“the disk has no forces acting on it in the beginning and then the applied force acts in the
opposite direction of its motion making that force negative”

Student B

“I don’t see how there could be ‘no force acting on the disk’ it’s moving to the right. There
has to be a force to the right when at constant velocity, and then that force loses to the
other force causing it to slow down.

i. Are there any aspects of student 1’s statement that are correct? If so what? Make sure to
support your answer with relevant information from part a.

ii. Are there any aspects of student 1’s statement that are incorrect? If so what? Make sure to
support your answer with relevant information from part a.

iii. Are there any aspects of student 2’s statement that are correct? If so what? Make sure to
support your answer with relevant information from part a.

iv. Are there any aspects of student 2’s statement that are incorrect? If so what? Make sure to
support your answer with relevant information from part a.

A.P Physics Unit 4 Exam: Accelerating Particle

Name: Total Points / 29
For questions 1-8, consider the cart on a track below. A force is applied acting to the right. Assume
that friction can be ignored.
For each question, one or more features of the system has been changed. You are to indicate what effect the change will have on the
acceleration.
Use the following answer key:
A. The acceleration will be greater.
B. The acceleration will be less.
C. The acceleration remains the same.
D. It's not possible to tell.

_____1. The mass of the cart is increased to 2 kg.

_____2. The towing force is increased to 1.0 N.
_____3. Both the mass of the cart and the towing force are doubled.
_____ 4. The 0.5 N towing force is applied at an angle as shown.

_____ 5.The track is inclined as shown

_____ 6. The length of the towing string is increased.

_____ 7.The track is inclined as shown.

_____ 8.The 0.5 N force is applied to two 500 g carts hooked together as shown.

Question 1 (9 points, suggested time 12min) / 9 ;

 A person stands in an elevator that sits at rest at the first floor of a building. At t=0s, the Elevator begins to move upwards and
continues until it comes to rest again at the 10 th floor of the building. Assume that up the elevator shaft is the positive direction, while
down the elevator shaft can be considered as the negative direction.
i. On the velocity versus time graph below, sketch a possible representation for the motion of the elevator as described above. (2
points)

ii. On the particle below sketch a force diagram for the person during the moments when the elevator has upwards accelerated
motion. (2 points)

iii. On the particle below sketch a force diagram for the person during the moments when the elevator is coming to rest. (2 points)

iv. In a paragraph length response explain how the force diagram you sketched in part (iii) is supported by your sketch of the velocity
versus time graph in part (i). Be sure to include explicit references to acceleration and net force. (3 points)

Question 2 (7 points, suggested time 7min) / 4 ;

 The following student responses focus on the two half Atwood’s machines below;

ass 2.0 kg is pulled along a horizontal table by a force of 15 N, which is applied by a light string that
Student
ght frictionless pulley, asA’s response:
shown above. (note: the coefficient of friction between the table and block A is .25)
“…the net force of both the system on the left
The applied andis removed. Block B of mass 1.5 kg is now attached to the string, as shown a
force
the right are the same, and the from
massrest
of block
so that theis1.5
(A) 2.0kg in both
kg box the system
descends, on the
and the 2.0 left and the
kg block right, pulled
is again therefore the the table.
across
he Mass of the system above?
acceleration of both systems is the same. Both have the same amount of
friction between the table and block A is .25) net force pulling the same amount of mass.”
Student B’s response:
he Fnet acting on the system
“…theabove?
system on the right has an acceleration that is less than the acceleration of the system on the left. Due to the
right-hand systems greater systemd)mass,Whatwithisathe
constant
Mass ofnetthe
force, it has
system a lesser acceleration.”
above?
the acceleration of the system above. Show your work.
i. What, if anything, is correct about what studente)A has said?
What Support
is the Fnet your answer
acting on thewith relevant
system physics concepts (2 points)
above?

f) Calculate the acceleration of the system above. Show your work.

ii. What, if anything, is correct about what student B has said? Support your answers with relevant physics concepts. (2 points)

g) Compare the accelerations that you calculated in parts (c) and (f). Are they equal or u
explain what physics is going on.

e is removed. Block B of mass 1.5 kg is now attached to the string, as shown above. The system is released
the 1.5 kg box descends, and the 2.0 kg block is again pulled across the table. (note: the coefficient of
he table and block A is .25)
h) If we let the system with the 2 blocks accelerate, how long will it take for Block B to

he Mass of the system above?

he Fnet acting on the system above?

the acceleration of the system above. Show your work.

the accelerations that you calculated in parts (c) and (f). Are they equal or unequal? Choose and
hat physics is going on.

he system with the 2 blocks accelerate, how long will it take for Block B to descend 0.55meters
 Question 3 (7 points, suggested time 12 min) /
8 ;
Two blocks are connected by a string of negligible mass that passes over massless pulleys that turn with negligible friction, as shown
in the figure below. The mass, m2, of block 2 is greater than the mass, m1, of block 1. The blocks are released from rest.

i. The dots below represent the two blocks. Draw a force diagram showing and labeling the forces (not components) exerted on each
block. Draw the relative lengths of all vectors to reflect the relative magnitudes of all the forces. (3 points)

ii. In the space below derive the magnitude of the acceleration of the system. Express your answer in terms of m1, m2, and g. (2
points)

Block 3 of mass, m3, is added to the system, as shown below. There is no friction between block 3 and the table.

iii. Indicate whether the acceleration of the system is now larger, smaller, of the same as in the original two-block system. Explain
how you arrived at your answer. (3 points)
Extras

1. A person is riding in a standard elevator from the 1st floor of a building to the 2nd floor.

(A) The elevator takes about 2 seconds to speed up from rest until it begins to move at a constant speed.
In words, describe which forces are acting on the person and their relative sizes. How does that result in
the acceleration the person experiences?

(B) After the 2 seconds the elevator moves at a constant speed. In words, describe which forces are acting
on the person and their relative sizes. How does that result in the constant speed the person experiences?

(C) As the elevator reaches the 2nd floor it slows down over a period of 4 seconds. In words, describe
which forces are acting on the person and their relative sizes. How does that result in the acceleration the
person experiences?

(D) Draw a velocity vs time graph for the person. Assume the total trip takes 10 seconds, remembering the
speeding up took 2s and the slowing down took 4s.

Experimental Design:

Problem design

- In the free particle unit, we did to discovery labs;

o In the first one we found the gravitational field strength here on earth, and
derived an equation for gravitational force
o In the second we found the coefficient of friction between two surfaces and an
equation to solve for either the static or kinetic friction forces
- For this option you are to choose either of these labs a present the following;
o A written procedure on how you take your data (make sure to include the tools
you used)
o An example of data you would collect
o An example of the graph of your data would sketch out like
o Finally, a written analysis that summarizes the conclusions from the lab