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Functions - Formula Sheet

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92 views

Functions - Formula Sheet

Uploaded by

COLINS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions – Formula Sheet:

Average Rate of Change: The Difference Quotient:

f ( x+ h )−f (x )
f ( b )−f (a)
h
b−a

Vertical Line Test: Horizontal Line Test:

If a horizontal line intersects a graph at


If a vertical line intersects a graph at more only one point, then the function is one-
than one point, then the relation does not to-one. In addition, the inverse
represent a function. function is also a function.

Even Functions: Odd Functions:

f (−x ) =−f (x )
f (−x ) =f (x )

Composite Functions: Inverse Functions:

If f ( g ( x ) )=x ∧g ( f ( x ) )=x ,then … .


( f o g )( x )=f ( g ( x ) )
−1
g ( x )=f ( x )∧f ( x )=g−1 ( x )

( g o f )( x )=g (f ( x ) )

The Distance Formula: The Midpoint Formula:

√ 2
D= ( x 2−x 1 ) + ( y 2− y1 )
2 M ( x1 + x 2 y 1+ y2
2
,
2 )
Transformations – Vertical Shifts: Transformations – Horizontal Shifts:

y=f ( x+ c ) Shift ¿
y=f ( x )+ c shift up y=f ( x−c ) Shift ¿
y=f ( x )−c shift down

Vertical Stretch: Horizontal Shrink:


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y=f ( cx ) c> 1
y=c ∙ f ( x ) c>1
Horizontal Stretch:

Vertical Shrink: y=f ( cx ) 0<c <1

y=c ∙ f ( x ) 0<c <1

Reflection about the x-axis: Reflection about the y-axis:

y=f (−x )
y=−f (x )
Reflection about the line y=x:

Reflection about the origin: ( x , y ) →( y , x)

y=−f (−x )

Linear Functions: Horizontal Line: (m = 0) Vertical Line: (m =


undefined)
y=mx+b y=k
x=h

Domain : (−∞ , ∞ ) Domain:(−∞ , ∞)


Range :(−∞ , ∞ ) Range : { k } Domain: { h }
Range :(−∞, ∞)
Quadratic Functions: (a = Quadratic Functions: (a = Quadratic Functions: (a =
+) +) -)
2 2 2
y=a x +bx +c y=a(x−h) +k y=a x +bx +c

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Domain : (−∞ , ∞ ) Domain : (−∞ , ∞ ) Domain: (−∞ , ∞ )
Range :¿ Range :¿ Range :¿

h=−b /2 a k =f (−b /2 a) Vertex Form Standard Form

Cubic Functions: Cube Root Function: Absolute Value Functions:


(a = +)
y= √ x
3 2 3
y=a x +b x +cx + d
y=a|x−h|+ k

Domain : (−∞ , ∞ ) Domain : (−∞ , ∞ )


Range :(−∞ , ∞ ) Range :(−∞ , ∞ ) Domain : (−∞ , ∞ )
Range :¿

Absolute Value Functions: Exponential Functions: Exponential Functions:


(a = -)
x −x
y=a + k y=a + k
y=a|x−h|+ k

Domain:(−∞ , ∞) Domain: (−∞ , ∞ )


Range :( k , ∞) Range :(k , ∞)

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Domain : (−∞ , ∞ )

Range :¿

Exponential Functions: Exponential Functions: Logarithmic Functions:

x
−x
y=−a + k y=log a ( x−h )
y=−a + k

Domain:(−∞ , ∞) Domain:(h , ∞)
Range :(−∞, k ) Range :(−∞ , ∞ )

Domain : (−∞ , ∞ )

Range :(−∞ , k )

Logarithmic Functions: Logarithmic Functions: Logarithmic Functions:

y=−log a (x−h) y=−log a (h−x)


y=log a (h−x)

Domain :(h , ∞) Domain:(−∞ , h)


Range :(−∞, ∞) Range :(−∞ , ∞ )

Domain:(−∞ , h)

Range :(−∞ , ∞ )

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Radical Functions: Radical Functions: Radical Functions:

y= √ x−h+k y= √ h−x +k y=− √ h−x +k

Domain :¿ Domain:¿ Domain :¿


Range :¿ Range :¿ Range :¿
Radical Functions: Rational Functions: (a > 0) Rational Functions: (a > 0,
k > c)
y=− √ x−h+k y=
a
+k
x−h a
y= +k
( x−h1 )( x−h2 )

Domain :¿
Domain : (−∞ , h ) U (h , ∞)
Range :¿
Range : (−∞ , k ) U (k , ∞ ) D : (−∞ , h1 ) U ( h1 ,h 2) U (h2 , ∞)
R : (−∞ , c ) U (k , ∞)
Rational Functions: Rational Functions: Complex Radical Functions:

a( x−b) a( x−b) y= √ (x−a)(x−b)+ k


y= +k y= +k
( x−h)(x−b) ( x−h)(x−b)

D : (−∞ , h ) U ( h ,b ) U ( b , ∞ ) D : (−∞ , b ) U ( b , h ) U (h , ∞) Domain: (−∞ , a ] U ¿


R : (−∞ , k ) U ( k , c ) U (c , ∞ ) R : (−∞ , k ) U ( k , c ) U (c , ∞ ) Range :¿

Note: b > h and c > k. Note: h > b and c > k.

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