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Introduction To AWS (Amazon Web Services)

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Introduction To AWS (Amazon Web Services)

Uploaded by

valorantid7091
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Introduction to AWS (Amazon Web Services)

Overview:
AWS is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by Amazon. It offers a wide range of services for computing power,
storage, networking, databases, analytics, machine learning, and more.

Key Benefits:

Scalability: Auto-scaling, elastic load balancing.


Cost Efficiency: Pay-as-you-go pricing model.
Global Reach: Data centers in multiple geographic regions.
Security: Shared responsibility model, encryption, and compliance features.

AWS Global Infrastructure:

Regions: Physical locations around the world (e.g., US East, Europe, Asia).
Availability Zones: Data centers within a region that are isolated to prevent single-point failures.
Edge Locations: AWS locations used for content delivery, typically using Amazon CloudFront.

2. Compute Services
Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
Purpose: Provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud.
Instances: Virtual servers (e.g., t2.micro, m5.large) with different specs for workloads.
Types
:
On-demand Instances: Pay for compute capacity by the hour.
Reserved Instances: Commit to usage for 1-3 years, offering cost savings.
Spot Instances: Purchase unused EC2 capacity at a discount.
Dedicated Hosts: Physical servers dedicated to you.

Key Features:

Auto Scaling: Automatically adjust the number of instances based on traffic.


Elastic Load Balancing (ELB): Distributes incoming traffic across multiple instances.

AWS Lambda
Purpose: Run code in response to events without provisioning servers.
Use Cases: Event-driven applications, real-time file processing, backend logic for mobile apps.
Pricing: Based on the number of requests and duration of code execution.

3. Storage Services
Amazon S3 (Simple Storage Service)
Purpose: Scalable object storage for a variety of data.
Features
:
Buckets: Containers for storing data.
Object Lifecycle Management: Automatically transition or delete objects.
Versioning: Track and retrieve multiple versions of an object.

Amazon EBS (Elastic Block Store)


Purpose: Block-level storage for EC2 instances.
Types
:
General Purpose SSD (gp3): Balanced price and performance.
Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1): High-performance for mission-critical applications.
Magnetic Volumes: Low-cost, low-performance storage.

Amazon EFS (Elastic File System)


Purpose: Scalable file storage for use with EC2 instances.
Key Features: Fully managed, elastic, supports NFS protocol for multiple EC2 instances.

Amazon Glacier & Deep Archive


Purpose: Low-cost archival storage.
Use Case: Long-term data backup, compliance data.

4. Networking Services

Amazon VPC (Virtual Private Cloud)


Purpose: Isolate and control a virtual network within the AWS Cloud.
Key Components
:
Subnets: Divide VPC into smaller address blocks (public, private).
Route Tables: Direct traffic between subnets, Internet, and VPN.
NAT Gateways: Allow instances in private subnets to access the internet.
Security Groups: Virtual firewalls controlling inbound and outbound traffic to EC2 instances.

AWS Direct Connect


Purpose: Establish a dedicated network connection between your on-premises data center and AWS.
Key Features: Higher bandwidth, lower latency, more secure than internet connections.

Elastic Load Balancing (ELB)


Purpose: Automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple targets (e.g., EC2 instances).
Types
:
Application Load Balancer (ALB): For HTTP/HTTPS traffic with advanced routing.
Network Load Balancer (NLB): For TCP/UDP traffic with extreme performance needs.
Classic Load Balancer: Legacy support for EC2 Classic instances.

5. Database Services

Amazon RDS (Relational Database Service)


Purpose: Managed relational databases.
Supports: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, MariaDB.
Key Features
:
Automated Backups: Daily backups with a retention period.
Multi-AZ: Synchronous replication across multiple availability zones for high availability.
Read Replicas: Offload read traffic to replica databases.

Amazon DynamoDB
Purpose: Fully managed NoSQL database.
Key Features
:
Provisioned & On-Demand Capacity: Automatically scale to handle any amount of traffic.
Global Tables: Multi-region, fully replicated tables for fast, low-latency access.
Amazon Aurora
Purpose: High-performance managed relational database compatible with MySQL and PostgreSQL.
Key Features
:
Performance: 5 times faster than MySQL.
Scalability: Automatically scales in storage, up to 64TB.

6. Security and Identity

AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management)


Purpose: Manage access to AWS resources securely.
Key Features
:
Users & Groups: Define users and group them for easier permissions management.
Roles: Assign permissions to AWS services and EC2 instances.
Policies: JSON-based policy documents to specify permissions.

AWS KMS (Key Management Service)


Purpose: Create and manage encryption keys for your applications and data.
Key Features: Integration with many AWS services, automatic key rotation.
AWS Shield & WAF (Web Application Firewall)
Purpose: Protect applications from DDoS attacks (Shield) and block malicious web traffic (WAF).

7. Monitoring and Analytics

Amazon CloudWatch
Purpose: Monitoring and observability service for AWS resources and applications.
Key Features
:
Metrics: Track resource utilization and performance.
Logs: Collect and monitor logs from EC2, Lambda, and other services.
Alarms: Set up automated alerts for specific thresholds.

AWS CloudTrail
Purpose: Logs AWS API calls for security analysis, auditing, and compliance.
Key Features: Capture detailed activity on your AWS account.

AWS X-Ray
Purpose: Trace requests as they travel through your application to diagnose errors and performance bottlenecks.
8. AWS Architecting Best Practices
Design for Failure: Assume components will fail and design accordingly with redundancy, failover, and backups.
Use Auto Scaling: Automatically adjust compute resources to meet demand, reducing costs and maintaining performance.
Implement Least Privilege: Ensure IAM roles and policies enforce the least privilege principle.
Monitor Everything: Use CloudWatch, CloudTrail, and X-Ray to gain insights into system performance and security.
Decouple Components: Use AWS services like SQS, SNS, and Lambda to build loosely coupled, scalable applications.

9. Cost Management and Billing

AWS Pricing Model


Pay-as-you-go: Only pay for what you use, when you use it.
Free Tier: Offers limited usage of certain AWS services free for 12 months (e.g., 750 hours of EC2 t2.micro instances per month).
Reserved Instances: Commit to using a service for 1 or 3 years to get discounted rates.

AWS Cost Explorer


Purpose: Analyze your usage patterns and spending, and set up budgets to manage costs.
Key Features
:
Cost and Usage Reports: View detailed breakdowns of your AWS spending.
Budgets: Set thresholds for alerts when costs approach budget limits.

10. AWS Certification Exam Tips


Study: Focus on hands-on practice in the AWS Console and through labs.
Understand Core Services: Be familiar with EC2, S3, IAM, RDS, VPC, and Lambda.
Review Whitepapers: AWS provides architecture and best practice whitepapers—essential for the exam.
Use AWS Well-Architected Framework: Study the five pillars: Security, Reliability, Performance Efficiency, Cost Optimization, and Operational
Excellence.

These notes cover the core AWS services and foundational concepts you'll need to know. For practical experience, it's important to dive into the
AWS Management Console and perform hands-on exercises. You can also use the AWS free tier to experiment with services like EC2, S3, and
Lambda.

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