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Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College: Department of Information Technology

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Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College: Department of Information Technology

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Mahatma Gandhi Mission

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

Aurangabad, Maharashtra
Affiliated to Dr. B. A. Technological University, Lonere
NAAC 'A' Grade, ISO 9001:2015, 14001:2015 Certified, AICTE Approved.

Second Year B. Tech

Department of Information Technology

Lab Book
BTITL307: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++

Name: ________________________________________________

Class:_ Roll No: Year: ___

Mahatma Gandhi Mission

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

Aurangabad, Maharashtra
Affiliated to Dr. B. A. Technological University, Lonere
NAAC 'A' Grade, ISO 9001:2015, 14001:2015 Certified, AICTE Approved.

Second Year B. Tech

Department of Information Technology

Lab Book
BTITL307: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++

Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

Prof. P.Kaur Dr. S. C. Tamane Dr. H. H. Shinde
Assistant Professor Professor Principal
Lab Incharge Head of Department
Vision of Information Technology Department:

To develop expertise of budding technocrats by imparting technical knowledge and human value
based education.

Mission of Information Technology Department:

A. Equipping the students with technical skills, soft skills and professional attitude.
B. Providing the state of art facilities to the students to excel as competent professionals,
entrepreneurs and researchers.

Programme Educational Objectives:

PEO1. The graduates will utilize their expertise in IT industry and solve industry technological
problems.
PEO2. Graduates should excel in engineering positions in industry and other organizations that
emphasize design & implementation of IT applications.
PEO3. Graduates will be innovators & professionals in technology development, deployment
& system implementation.
PEO4. Graduates will be pioneers in engineering, engineering management, research and higher
education.
PEO5. Graduates will be good citizens & cultured human being with full appreciation of
importance of IT professional ethical & social responsibilities.

Program specific outcomes

• PSO1. An ability to design, develop and implement computer programs in the areas
related to Algorithms, Multimedia, Website Design, System Software, DBMS and
Networking.
• PSO2. Develop software systems that would perform tasks related to Research,
Education and Training and/or E governance.
• PSO3. Design, develop, test and maintain application software that would perform tasks
related to information management and mobiles by utilizing new technologies to an
individual or organizations.
Lab outcomes: After the completion of this course students will be able to,
LO1: Set up the environment to write, compile and execute C++ programs.

LO2: Learn and develop structures to represent objects and the methods to perform operations
for a problem.

LO3: Apply object-oriented programming paradigms (standards and principles) to write program
for a given problem.

LO4: Understand and demonstrate usage of the object-oriented concepts like inheritance,
polymorphism, overloading, files etc.

LO5: Develop debug and correct the errors of a program to produce desired output.

Mandatory instructions for students:

1. Students should report to the concerned labs as per the given timetable.
2. Students should make an entry in the log book whenever they enter the labs during
practical or for their own personal work.
3. When the experiment is completed, students should shut down the computers and make
the counter entry in the logbook.
4. Any damage to the lab computers will be viewed seriously.
5. Students should not leave the lab without concerned faculty’s permission.
Mahatma Gandhi Mission

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

N-6, CIDCO Aurangabad – 431003
INDEX OF EXPERIMENTS

Name of student: _____________________________________________________________

Roll No: ___________________ PNR No: _______________________________
Batch: _____________
Sr. Practical details Date of Date of Marks/ Sign
No. performance evaluation Grade

Date: Lecturer in charge Head of Dept. Principal

______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Exercise 1: Elements of computer systems

The internal architectural design of computers differs from one system model to another.
However, the basic organization remains the same for all computer systems. In order for a
computer system to operate, it requires a few key hardware components, the most important of
these being the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the motherboard. The motherboard acts as
the central "hub" on which all of the computer's various hardware peripherals, ranging from
sound and video cards to hard drives, connect. The primary power source for the computer
connects to the motherboard, which then distributes power to the hardware connected to it.

Figure 1.1 Elements of a Computer System

Figure 1.2 Connectivity between elements of a Computer System

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Practice Exercise 1

Based on understanding of basic components of a computer system, answer the following

questions

The following entities or devices are part of a computer system’s hardware (H) or Software (S)?

i. Operating system ________

ii. Mouse_______
iii. CPU ________
iv. Keyboard______
v. Compiler ________
vi. Program editor ________
vii. IDE ________
viii. GUI (Graphical User Interface) ________
ix. System Clock___________
x. Modem ________
xi. Assembler ________
xii. Bus ________
xiii. RAM ________
xiv. ROM ________
xv. File ________

1. Tally, the computerized accounting software, is which of the following?

a) Operating System
b) Application Software
c) Utility Software
d) None of the above
Answer:
2. Term 'program' is refers to any piece of
a) Software
b) Hardware
c) Netware
d) Groupware
Answer:
3. In computer science, algorithm refers to a pictorial representation of a flowchart.
a) True
b) False

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Answer:
4. The process of drawing a flowchart for an algorithm is called __________
a) Performance
b) Evaluation
c) Algorithmic Representation
d) Flowcharting
Answer:
5. In flow chart, diamond shaped symbol is used to represent
a) Decision box
b) Statement box
c) Error box
d) if-statement box
6. Part of algorithm which is repeated for fixed number of times is classified as
a) iteration
b) selection
c) sequence
d) reverse action

Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 2: DOS and Linux commands

DOS Commands

DOS (Disk Operating System) is an operating system that runs from a hard disk drive. The term
can also refer to a particular family of disk operating systems, most commonly MS-
DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System).

DOS commands are small programs, which are made to perform a particular job. Every DOS
command performs different task. It is not possible to work on the computer without these
commands. There are two types of DOS command.

Internal Commands: These commands enter into the computer memory during computer
booting. These commands are not in the form of any file; so neither they can be viewed nor can
be edited or detected.

For example: MD, CD, TIME, DATE, COPY, TYPE etc.

External Commands: These commands are stored in the computer list in the form of files.
These Commands can be viewed, copied, changed or deleted.

For example: FORMAT, COPY, PRINT, SYS, EDIT, TREE, SORT, PROMPT etc.

DOS commands are the commands available in MS-DOS that are used to interact with
the operating system and other command line based software.

Unlike in Windows, DOS commands are the primary way in which you use the operating
system. Windows and other modern OSs use a graphics-based system designed for touch or
a mouse.

DOS Commands in Windows: If you use Windows (like Windows 10, 8, 7, etc.) then you
have no need for DOS commands because you don't have MS-DOS. The commands in
Windows are available from the Command Prompt and are called Command Prompt commands
or CMD commands, but they are not DOS commands.

Linux Commands
Linux is a Unix-Like operating system. All the Linux/Unix commands are run in the terminal
provided by the Linux system. This terminal is just like command prompt of Windows OS.
Linux/Unix commands are case-sensitive. The terminal can be used to accomplish all
Administrative tasks. This includes package installation, file manipulation, and user
management. Linux terminal is user-interactive. The terminal outputs the results of commands
which are specified by the user itself. Execution of typed command is done only after you press
the Enter key.

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Table 2.1 shows few DOS and corresponding Linux commands

MS-
Command's Purpose Linux Basic Linux Example
DOS
Copies files copy cp cp thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
Moves files move mv mv thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
Lists files dir ls ls
Clears screen cls clear clear
Closes shell prompt exit exit exit
Displays or sets date date date date
Deletes files del rm rm thisfile.txt
"Echoes" output to the
echo echo echo this message
screen
Edits text files edit gedit gedit thisfile.txt
Compares the contents of
fc diff diff file1 file2
files
Finds a string of text in a
find grep grep word or phrase thisfile.txt
file
format /sbin/mke2fs /dev/fd0 (/dev/fd0 is
Formats a diskette mke2fs
E: the Linux equivalent of A:)
comm
Displays command help man or info man command
and /?
Creates a directory mkdir mkdir mkdir directory
Views contents of a file more less less thisfile.txt
Renames a file ren mv mv thisfile.txt thatfile.txt
Displays your location in
chdir pwd pwd
the file system
Changes directories with
cd pat
a specified path (absolute cd pathname cd /directory/directory
hname
path)
Changes directories with
cd.. cd .. cd ..
a relative path
Displays the time time date date
Shows amount of RAM in
mem free free
use

Practice Exercise 2

1. Core of Linux operating system is

a) Kernel
b) Shell
c) Terminal

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d) Command
Answer:

2. Which directory contains configuration files in Linux?

a) /etc/
b) /bin/
c) /dev/
d) /root/
Answer:

3. Which shell is the default shell used on Linux systems?

a) Csh
b) Rsh
c) Bash
d) Tcsh
Answer:

4. In MS-DOS, which command is used to display system date

a) Date command
b) Ver command
c) Disk command
d) Format command
Answer:

5. If you need to duplicate the entire disk, which command will you use?
a) Copy
b) Diskcopy
c) Chkdsk
d) Format
Answer:
Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 3: Setting up C++ Development Environment

C++ is a general purpose programming language. It has object-oriented and generic
programming features. C++ runs on variety of platform like Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac etc.
To write and execute programs in C++, an environment needs to be set-up on a computer to
compile and run C++ programs. Another option is to use an online IDEs for compiling C++
programs.

Online IDE: IDE is Integrated Development Environment. It is a software application that can
be used for developing software. Many online IDEs are available which can be used to compile
and run C++ programs.

How to setup Local Environment: To setup a local development environment, install two
software:
1. Text Editor: Text Editors are the programs used to edit or write programs. For writing
C++ programs, we will use text-editors. The usual extension of a text file is (.txt) but for
a text file having C++ program needs to be saved with ‘.CPP’ or ‘.C’ extension. These
files are source code files. To start writing programs in C++, we should have a text-editor
installed to write programs.

2. C++ Compiler: After writing a C++ program (‘.CPP’ extension), we require a C++
compiler to compile this file.
A compiler is a computer program which converts high-level language (source-code) into
machine understandable low-level language. In other words we can say that it converts
the source code written in a programming language into another computer language which
computer understands. For compiling a C++ program we will need a C++ compiler which
will convert the source code written in C++ into machine codes. Below is the details about
setting up compiler on different platforms.

2.1 For Linux based systems: We can install the GNU GCC compiler on Linux. To
install and work with the GCC compiler on your Linux machine, following steps:
i. Run the two commands from your Linux terminal window:

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 $ sudo apt-get update

 $ sudo apt-get install GCC
This command will install the GCC compiler on your system. Also run the
below command to install all essential libraries required to compile and run a
C++ program:
 $ sudo apt-get install build-essential
ii. Next step is to confirm installation by checking for GCC version.
 $ gcc --version
It should display GCC version.

iii. Now Linux environment is set up and can be used to compile C++ programs.
iv. Next step is to understand how to compile and run a C++ program.
 Write program using a text editor and save it with any file name having
.CPP extension.
 Next step is to open the Linux terminal and change to the directory where
.CPP file is saved. Use the following command to compile file:
 $ g++ filename.cpp -o any-name
Here, filename.cpp is the name of the source code file and any-name is the file
name to be assigned to executable file. Executable file is created by compiler
post compilation. Run the command as:
 $ g++ testfile.cpp -o testfile

v. The last step creates a new file in the same directory where we have saved the
source file and this new file is named as testfile.
vi. Next step is to run the program using following command:
 $ ./testfile
This command will run the program in the terminal window.

2.2 For Windows based systems: A large number of IDE are available for Windows
OS to work with C++ programming language. The most popular IDE is Code::Blocks.
Download Code::Blocks and install.

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After successful installation of Code::Blocks, go to File menu ->

Select New and create an Empty file.
i. Write a C++ program in this empty file and save the file with a ‘.cpp’
extension.
ii. After saving the file with ‘.cpp’ extension, go to Build menu and choose
the Build and Run option.

Practice Exercise 3

Write a C++ program to write and display an essay on you. Write your introduction including
family background, strengths, weakness, future plan.
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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Exercise 4: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

to demonstrate use of function.
Raising a number n to a power p is the same as multiplying n by itself p times. Write a function
called power () that takes a double value for n and an int value for p, and returns the result as
double value. Use a default argument of 2 for p, so that if this argument is omitted, the number
will be squared. Write a main () function that gets values from the user to test this function.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

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Input:
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Output:
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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 5: Write a C++ program for the given problem

description.
A point on the two-dimensional plane can be represented by two numbers: an X coordinate and
a Y coordinate. For example, (4,5) represents point 4 units to the right of the origin along the X
axis and 5 units up the Y axis. The sum of two points can be defined as a new point whose X
coordinate is the sum of the X coordinates of the points and whose Y coordinate is the sum of
their Y coordinates. Write a program that uses a structure called point to model a point. Define
three points, and have the user input values to two of them. Then set the third point equal to the
sum of the other two, and display the value of the new point. Interaction with the program might
look like this:
Enter coordinates for P1: 3 4
Enter coordinates for P2: 5 7
Coordinates of P1 + P2 are: 8, 11
Create the equivalent of a four-function calculator. The program should request the user to enter
a number, an operator, and another number. It should then carry out the specified arithmetical
operation: adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing the two numbers. (It should use a switch
statement to select the operation). Finally, it should display the result. When it finishes the
calculation, the program should ask if the user wants to do another calculation. The response
can be Y or N. Some sample interaction with the program might look like this:
Enter first number, operator, second number: 10/ 3
Answer = 3.333333
Do another (Y/ N)? Y
Enter first number, operator, second number 12 + 100
Answer = 112
Do another (Y/ N)? N

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

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Algorithm:
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Program:
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Input:
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Output:
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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 6: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

using friend function.
A phone number, such as (212) 767-8900, can be thought of as having three parts: the area code
(212), the exchange (767) and the number (8900). Write a program that uses a structure to store
these three parts of a phone number separately. Call the structure phone. Create two structure
variables of type phone. Initialize one, and have the user input a number for the other one. Then
display both numbers. The interchange might look like this:
Enter your area code, exchange, and number: 415 555 1212
My number is (212) 767-8900
Your number is (415) 555-1212
Create two classes DM and DB which store the value of distances. DM stores distances in
meters and centimetres and DB in feet and inches. Write a program that can read values for the
class objects and add one object of DM with another object of DB. Use a friend function to
carry out the addition operation. The object that stores the results maybe a DM object or DB
object, depending on the units in which the results are required. The display should be in the
format of feet and inches or meters and centimetres depending on the object on display.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Algorithm:

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Input:
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Output:

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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 7: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

to demonstrate operator overloading.
Create a class rational which represents a numerical value by two double values-
NUMERATOR and DENOMINATOR. Include the following public member Functions:
constructor with no arguments (de-fault), constructor with two arguments, void reduce() that
reduces the rational number by eliminating the highest common factor between the numerator
and denominator.
Overload + operator to add two rational numbers
Overload - operator to enable input through cin
Overload * operator to enable output through cout
Write a main ( ) to test all the functions in the class.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 8: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

to demonstrate polymorphism.
Consider the following class definition:
class father {
protected age;
public;
father (int x) {age = x;}
virtual void iam()
{
cout<<“I AM THE FATHER ” ;
cout << “My age is : ” <<age<< endl;}
};
Derive the two classes son and daughter from the above class and for each, define iam() to write
similar but appropriate messages. You should also define suitable constructors for these classes.
Now, write a main() that creates objects of the three classes and then calls iam( ) for them.
Declare pointer to father. Successively, assign addresses of objects of the two derived classes
to this pointer and in each case, call iam () through the pointer to demonstrate polymorphism in
action.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

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Exercise 8: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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Grade: Signature of teacher:

35
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Exercise 9: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

to demonstrate use of files.

Write a program that creates a binary file by reading the data for the students from the terminal.
The data of each student consist of roll number, name (a string of 30 or lesser number of
characters) and marks.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

36
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

37
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

38
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Grade: Signature of teacher:

39
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Exercise 10: Write a C++ program for the given problem

description to demonstrate use of structure/database.

A hospital wants to create a database regarding its indoor patients. The information to store
include:
Name of the patient
Date of admission
Disease
Date of discharge
Create a structure to store the date (year, month and date as its members). Create a base class
to store the above information. The member function should include functions to enter
information and display a list of all the patients in the database. Create a derived class to store
the age of the patients. List the information about all the patients to store the age of the patients.
List the information about all the paediatric patients (less than twelve years in age).

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

40
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

41
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

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Input:
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Output:
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Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

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______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

___________________________________________________________________________
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Grade: Signature of teacher:

43
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Exercise 11: Write a C++ program for the given problem

description.

Imagine a tollbooth with a class called toll Booth. The two data items are a type unsigned int to
hold the total number of cars, and a type double to hold the total amount of money collected. A
constructor initializes both these to 0. A member function called payingCar( ) increments the
car total and adds 0.50 to the cash total. Another function called nopayCar( ), increments the
car total but adds nothing to the cash total. Finally, a member function called display() displays
the two totals i.e. total cars and total cash. Include a program to test this class. This program
should allow the user to push one key to count a paying car, and another to count a nonpaying
car. Pushing the ESC key should cause the program to print out the total cars and total cash and
then exit.

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Algorithm:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

44
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

45
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

46
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Grade: Signature of teacher:

47
______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

Appendix A
Program Outcomes

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend
and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and
give and receive clear instructions.

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______________________________ Practical Workbook: Object Oriented Paradigm with C++ Lab

11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to
engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological
change.

Program Specific Outcomes

PSO1. An ability to design, develop and implement computer programs in the areas related to
Algorithms, Multimedia, Website Design, System Software, DBMS and Networking.
PSO2. Develop software systems that would perform tasks related to Research, Education and
Training and/or E governance.
PSO3. Design, develop, test and maintain application software that would perform tasks related
to information management and mobiles by utilizing new technologies to an individual
or organizations.

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Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College: Department of Information Technology

Uploaded by

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College: Department of Information Technology

Uploaded by

Mahatma Gandhi Mission

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

Second Year B. Tech

Class:_________ Roll No: ________ Year: ___________

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

Second Year B. Tech

Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

Mission of Information Technology Department:

Programme Educational Objectives:

Program specific outcomes

Mandatory instructions for students:

Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College

Name of student: _____________________________________________________________

Date: Lecturer in charge Head of Dept. Principal

Exercise 1: Elements of computer systems

Figure 1.1 Elements of a Computer System

Figure 1.2 Connectivity between elements of a Computer System

Based on understanding of basic components of a computer system, answer the following

i. Operating system ________

1. Tally, the computerized accounting software, is which of the following?

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 2: DOS and Linux commands

For example: MD, CD, TIME, DATE, COPY, TYPE etc.

Table 2.1 shows few DOS and corresponding Linux commands

1. Core of Linux operating system is

2. Which directory contains configuration files in Linux?

3. Which shell is the default shell used on Linux systems?

4. In MS-DOS, which command is used to display system date

Exercise 3: Setting up C++ Development Environment

 $ sudo apt-get update

After successful installation of Code::Blocks, go to File menu ->

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 4: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 5: Write a C++ program for the given problem

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 6: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 7: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 8: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 8: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 9: Write a C++ program for the given problem description

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 10: Write a C++ program for the given problem

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Exercise 11: Write a C++ program for the given problem

Explanation of problem statement with an example:

Practice Assignment based on above problem description:

Grade: Signature of teacher:

Engineering Graduates will be able to:

1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering

Program Specific Outcomes

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Class:_ Roll No: Year: ___