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Muscular System Day 4

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delpelliana27
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6 views

Muscular System Day 4

Uploaded by

delpelliana27
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Naming Muscles

Types of Muscle

● Prime mover- muscle with the major


responsibility for a certain movement
● Antagonist- muscle that opposes or
reverses a prime mover
Types of Muscle

● Synergist- muscle that aids a prime mover


in a movement and helps prevent rotation
● Fixator- stabilizes the origin of a prime
mover
Naming of Muscles
● Direction of muscle fibers
○ Example: rectus (straight)
● Relative size of the muscle
○ Example: maximus (largest), major
(larger of group)
Naming of Muscles
● Location of the muscle
○ Example: many muscles are named for
bones (e.g., temporalis)
● Number of origins
○ Example: triceps (three heads)
Naming of Muscles
● Location of the muscles origin and insertion
○ Example: sterno (on the sternum)
● Shape of the muscle
○ Example: deltoid (triangular)
● Action of the muscle
○ Example: flexor and extensor (flexes or
extends a bone)
Muscles of the Head
Muscles of the Head and Neck
● Muscles of the head are responsible for
facial expressions and chewing.
● Muscles of both the head and neck allow us
to swallow.
● Muscles of the neck allow us to move our
head.
Muscles of Facial Expression
● Frontalis
○ Covers the frontal bone
○ Raises eyebrows
● Orbicularis Oculi
○ Encircles the eye
○ Causes blinking
Muscles of Facial Expressions

● Buccinator
○ Cheek
○ Allows us to whistle or blow out air
○ Helps hold food in contact with teeth
○ Used in swallowing
Muscles of Facial Expressions

● Zygomaticus
○ Extends from the cheekbone to the
corner of the mouth
○ Allows us to smile and raise the corners
of the mouth
Muscles of Chewing
● Masseter
○ From the zygomatic arch to the mandible
○ Elevates the mandible
● Temporalis
○ On top of the temporal bone
○ Elevates mandible
Muscles of Moving the Head

● Sternocleidomastoid
○ From the sternum and clavicle to the
temporal bone
○ Helps move the head from left to right
Muscles of Moving the Head

● Trapezius
○ From the base of the skull to the
clavicle and scapula
○ Helps extend the head

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